Let ${{G}_{n}}=\text{S}{{\text{p}}_{n}}\left( F \right)$ be the rank $n$ symplectic group with entries in a nondyadic $p$-adic field $F$. We further let ${{\tilde{G}}_{n}}$ be the metaplectic extension of ${{G}_{n}}\,\text{by}\,{{\mathbb{C}}^{1}}=\left\{ z\in {{\mathbb{C}}^{\times }}|\,|z|=1 \right\}$ defined using the Leray cocycle. In this paper, we aim to demonstrate the complete list of reducibility points of the genuine principal series of ${{\tilde{G}}_{2}}$. In most cases, we will use some techniques developed by Tadić that analyze the Jacquet modules with respect to all of the parabolics containing a fixed Borel. The exceptional cases involve representations induced from unitary characters $\chi $ with ${{\chi }^{2}}=1$. Because such representations $\pi $ are unitary, to show the irreducibility of $\pi $, it suffices to show that ${{\dim}_{\mathbb{C}}}\,\text{Ho}{{\text{m}}_{{\tilde{G}}}}\left( \pi ,\,\pi \right)\,=\,1$ . We will accomplish this by examining the poles of certain intertwining operators associated to simple roots. Then some results of Shahidi and Ban decompose arbitrary intertwining operators into a composition of operators corresponding to the simple roots of ${{\tilde{G}}_{2}}.$ We will then be able to show that all such operators have poles at principal series representations induced from quadratic characters and therefore such operators do not extend to operators in $\text{Ho}{{\text{m}}_{{{{\tilde{G}}}_{2}}}}\left( \pi ,\,\pi \right)$ for the $\pi $ in question.

Suppose that G1 and G2 are two locally compact Hausdorff groups with identity elements e and e’ and with respective left Haar measures dx and dy. Let 1 ≦ p ≦ ∞, and Lp(Gi) be the usual Lebesgue space over Gi formed relative to left Haar measure on Gi. We denote by M(Gi) the space of Radon measures, and by Mbd(Gi) the space of bounded Radon measures on Gi. If a ϵ Gi we write ϵa for the Dirac measure at the point a. Cc(Gi) will denote the space of continuous, complex-valued functions on Gi with compact supports, whilst Cc+ (Gi) will denote that subset of Cc(Gi) consisting of those functions which are real-valued and non-negative.

Let $L={{L}_{0}}+{{L}_{1}}$ be a ${{\mathbb{Z}}_{2}}$ -graded Lie algebra over a commutative ring with unity in which 2 is invertible. Suppose that ${{L}_{0}}$ is abelian and $L$ is generated by finitely many homogeneous elements ${{a}_{1}},.\,.\,.,{{a}_{k}}$ such that every commutator in ${{a}_{1}},.\,.\,.,{{a}_{k}}$ is ad-nilpotent. We prove that $L$ is nilpotent. This implies that any periodic residually finite ${2}'$ -group $G$ admitting an involutory automorphism $\phi $ with ${{C}_{G}}\left( \phi \right)$ abelian is locally finite.

Let S be a semigroup. An element a ∈ S is said to be a left quasi-zero if <a>x ⋂ <a> ≠ ∅ for all x ∈ S, where <a> denotes the cyclic sub-semigroup of S generated by a. In a recent study [6] of semigroups with a maximum right congruence, such elements proved to be useful in providing characterizations of these semigroups. Left quasizeroes have appeared in the literature under different names in a variety of situations. In the context of semigroup radicals, left quasi-zeroes are called right quasi-regular elements, where an element is defined to be right quasi-regular if it is not a left identity for any right congruence other than the universal congruence (see [4], [5], [2], [7], and [8]).

The main result of this paper establishes the existence and uniqueness of integral representations of KMS functionals on nuclear *- algebras. Our first result is about representations of *-algebras by means of operators having a common dense domain in a Hilbert space. We show, under certain regularity conditions, that (Powers) self-adjoint representations of a nuclear *-algebra, which admit a direct integral decomposition, disintegrate into representations which are almost all self-adjoint. We then define and study the class of self-derivative algebras. All algebras with an identity are in this class and many other examples are given. We show that if is a self-derivative algebra with an equicontinuous approximate identity, the cone of all positive forms on is isomorphic to the cone of all positive invariant kernels on These in turn correspond bijectively to the invariant Hilbert subspaces of the dual space This shows that if is a nuclear -space, the positive cone of has bounded order intervals, which implies that each positive form on has an integral representation in terms of the extreme generators of the cone. Given a continuous exponentially bounded one-parameter group of *-automorphisms of we can define the subcone of all invariant positive forms satisfying the KMS condition. Central functionals can be viewed as KMS functionals with respect to a trivial group action. Assuming that is a self-derivative algebra with an equicontinuous approximate identity, we show that the face generated by a self-adjoint KMS functional is a lattice. If is moreover a nuclear *-algebra the previous results together imply that each self-adjoint KMS functional has a unique integral representation by means of extreme KMS functionals almost all of which are self-adjoint.

In this paper, X denotes a Hausdorff paracompact locally compact space, E a Hausdorff locally convex space over K, the field of real or complex numbers (we call the elements of K scalars), a filtering upwards family of semi-norms on E generating the topology of E, Cb(X) the space of all continuous scalar-valued funcions on X, and Cb(X, E) the space of all continuous, bounded E-valued functions.

A combinatorial interpretation of Schur functions in terms of Young tableaux is well-known. (For example, see Littlewood [1] or Thomas [4]). The purpose of this paper is to present a combinatorial interpretation of the wreath product (or plethysm) of two Schur functions.

The figures studied in this paper are special convex bodies in Euclidean three-dimensional space which we shall call generalized convex bodies of revolution (GCBR). Such a set is obtained by the following procedure. Let K1 be a convex body of revolution and let x, y, z denote Cartesian coordinates in a system for which the z-axis is the axis of K1.

We provide an abstract characterization for the Cuntz semigroup of unital commutative AI-algebras, as well as a characterization for abstract Cuntz semigroups of the form $\operatorname {\mathrm {Lsc}} (X,\overline {\mathbb {N}})$ for some $T_1$-space X. In our investigations, we also uncover new properties that the Cuntz semigroup of all AI-algebras satisfies.

We prove that for a topological operad $P$ the operad of oriented cubical singular chains, $C_{*}^{^{\text{ord}}}(P)$, and the operad of simplicial singular chains, ${{S}_{*}}(P)$, are weakly equivalent. As a consequence, $C_{*}^{^{\text{ord}}}(P;\,\mathbb{Q})$ is formal if and only if ${{S}_{*}}(P;\,\mathbb{Q})$ is formal, thus linking together some formality results which are spread out in the literature. The proof is based on an acyclic models theorem for monoidal functors. We give different variants of the acyclic models theorem and apply the contravariant case to study the cohomology theories for simplicial sets defined by $R$-simplicial differential graded algebras.

Conrad (10) and Wolfenstein (15; 16) have introduced the notion of an archimedean extension (a-extension) of a lattice-ordered group (l-group). In this note the class of l-groups that possess a plenary subset of regular subgroups which are normal in the convex l-subgroups that cover them are studied. It is shown in § 3 (Corollary 3.4) that the class is closed with respect to a-extensions and (Corollary 3.7) that each member of the class has an a-closure. This extends (6, p. 324, Corollary II; 10, Theorems 3.2 and 4.2; 15, Theorem 1) and gives a partial answer to (10, p. 159, Question 1). The key to proving both of these results is Theorem 3.3, which asserts that if a regular subgroup is normal in the convex l-subgroup that covers it, then this property is preserved by a-extensions.

Let Mn be the linear space of n-square matrices with real elements. For a matrix X = (xij) ∈ Mn the permanent is defined by

where σ runs over all permutations of 1, 2, …, n. In (2) Marcus and May determine the nature of all linear transformations T of Mn into itself such that per T(X) = per X for all X ∈ Mn. For such a permanent preserver T, and for n < 3, there exist permutation matrices P, Q, and diagonal matrices D, L in Mn, such that per DL = 1 and either

or

Here X′ denotes the transpose of X. In the case n = 2, a different type of transformation is also possible.

Our main result is a Tauberian theorem for the general Euler-Borel summability method. Examples of the method include the discrete Borel, Euler, Meyer- Kônig, Taylor and Karamata methods. Every function/ analytic on the closed unit disk and satisfying some general conditions generates such a method, denoted by (£,ƒ). For instance the function ƒ(z) = exp(z — 1) generates the discrete Borel method. To each such function ƒ corresponds an even positive integer p = p(f).We show that if a sequence (sn)is summable (E,f)and as n→ ∞ m > n, (m— n)n-p(f)→0, then (sn)is convergent. If the Maclaurin coefficients of/ are nonnegative, then p(f) =2. In this case we may replace the condition . This generalizes the Tauberian theorems for Borel summability due to Hardy and Littlewood, and R. Schmidt. We have also found new examples of the method and proved that the exponent —p(f)in the Tauberian condition (*) is the best possible.

We classify the sets of four lattice points that all lie on a short arc of a circle that has its center at the origin; specifically on arcs of length $t{{R}^{1/3}}$ on a circle of radius $R$, for any given $t\,>\,0$. In particular we prove that any arc of length ${{\left( 40\,+\frac{40}{3}\sqrt{10} \right)}^{1/3}}\,{{R}^{1/3}}$ on a circle of radius $R$, with $R\,>\,\sqrt{65}$, contains at most three lattice points, whereas we give an explicit infinite family of 4-tuples of lattice points, $\left( {{v}_{1,n}},\,{{v}_{2,n}},\,{{v}_{3,n}},\,{{v}_{4,n}} \right)$, each of which lies on an arc of length ${{\left( 40+\frac{40}{3}\sqrt{10} \right)}^{1/3}}R_{n}^{1/3}\,+\,o\left( 1 \right)$ on a circle of radius ${{R}_{n}}$.

Since Beurling (1 ), the study of closed invariant subspaces of Hp(X) and Lp(X) on the unit circle X = {z:|z| = 1} has been done extensively and culminated into a very fine theory of generalized analytic functions ; cf. Hoffman (4), Srinivasan (7). Here we say that a space E of complex-valued functions on X is invariant if zE ⊆ E. Little is known, however, about the structure of closed invariant subspaces E of the space C(X) of continouus functions on X.

An ordered hypergraph is a hypergraph whose vertex set is linearly ordered, and a convex geometric hypergraph is a hypergraph whose vertex set is cyclically ordered. Extremal problems for ordered and convex geometric graphs have a rich history with applications to a variety of problems in combinatorial geometry. In this paper, we consider analogous extremal problems for uniform hypergraphs, and determine the order of magnitude of the extremal function for various ordered and convex geometric paths and matchings. Our results generalize earlier works of Braß–Károlyi–Valtr, Capoyleas–Pach, and Aronov–Dujmovič–Morin–Ooms-da Silveira. We also provide a new variation of the Erdős-Ko-Rado theorem in the ordered setting.

If p is a prime, we call an element x ≠ 1 of a group G a generalized p-element if, for every n ≧ 1, there exists r ≧ 0 such that xpr ∈ Gn, where Gn is the nth term of the lower central series of G. Bovdi [1] proved that if G is a finitely generated group having a generalized p-element, and if ∩nΔn(Z(G) = 0 where Δ(Z(G)) is the augmentation ideal, then G is residually a finite p-group.

We recall that if R is a ring, then the nth dimension subgroup of G over R, denoted by Dn(R(G)), is defined to be {g | g – 1 ∈ Δn(R(G))}. In this note, we show that if G is finitely generated, then ∩nDn(Zp∧(G)) = 1 ⇔ ∩nΔn(Zp∧ (G)) = 0 ⇔ G is residually a finite p-group.

Let A be a Banach algebra and A** its second conjugate space. Arens has denned two natural extensions of the product on A to A**. Under either Arens product, A** becomes a Banach algebra. Let A be a semisimple Banach algebra which is a dense two-sided ideal of a B*-algebra B and R** the radical of (A**, o). We show that A** = Q ⊕ R**, where Q is a closed two-sided ideal of A**, o). This was inspired by Alexander's recent result for simple dual A*-algebras (see [1, p. 573, Theorem 5]). We also obtain that if A is commutative, then A is Arens regular.

In many basic linear algebra texts it is shown that various classes of square matrices (normal, positive, invertible) possess square roots. In this note we characterize those n × n matrices with complex entries which possess at least one square root without any restriction on the class of root or matrix involved. We then use this characterization to obtain asymptotic estimates for the relative profusion of such matrices.

In Section 1 we characterize those n × n matrices with entries in C (or any algebraically complete field) which have square roots over C. This characterization is in terms of similarity classes. In Section 2 we give asymptotic estimates for the number of Jordan forms of nilpotent n × n matrices which are squares. Section 3 is given over to numerical results concerning the actual and asymptotic frequency of such forms.

Summary. By the use of finite difference operators a series of combinatorial formulae are obtained. Two applications of the formulae are given. First, the following explicit formulae for the number, ƒ(n), of non-isomorphic equivalence relations among n elements are obtained: