Let k be an algebraic number field of finite degree, A the maximal abelian extension over k, and M a meta-abelian field over h of finite degree, that is, M/k be a normal extension over k of finite degree with an abelian group as commutator group of its Galois group.

If $T$ and $T^{\prime }$ are two cluster-tilting objects of an acyclic cluster category related by a mutation, their endomorphism algebras are nearly Morita equivalent (Buan et al., Cluster-tilted algebras, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 359(1) (2007), 323–332 (electronic)); that is, their module categories are equivalent “up to a simple module”. This result has been generalized by Yang, using a result of Plamondon, to any simple mutation of maximal rigid objects in a 2-Calabi–Yau triangulated category. In this paper, we investigate the more general case of any mutation of a (non-necessarily maximal) rigid object in a triangulated category with a Serre functor. In that setup, the endomorphism algebras might not be nearly Morita equivalent, and we obtain a weaker property that we call pseudo-Morita equivalence. Inspired by Buan and Marsh (From triangulated categories to module categories via localization II: calculus of fractions, J. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 86(1) (2012), 152–170; From triangulated categories to module categories via localisation, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 365(6) (2013), 2845–2861), we also describe our result in terms of localizations.

In Umemura [9], we calculated the invariants algcd (G), p(G), q(G) for a commutative algebraic group G. We remark that all the results hold for a group scheme which is not necessarily commutative.

To determine p(G), I cannot succeed in dropping the hypothesis “quasi-projective” but this assumption is satisfied in the characteristic 0 case.

We are concerned with an algebra S over a commutative ring. Precisely S is a non-commutative ring with identity which is also a finitely generated unital R module such that r(xy) = (rx)y = x(ry) for r in R and x, y ∈ S. In section one, we assume A is a commutative, Artinian ring. Following Goro Azumaya (see (1, p. 273)), we define the canonical module F of A to be the injective hull of A modulo the Jacobson radical of A i.e. F = I(A/J(A)).

Let M be a domain in an Euclidean space and let Γ be a pseudo group of transformations of M. We say that Γ is a Cartan pseudo group [1, 2] if the following conditions are satisfied:

1)There exists a domain M′ and a projection ρ: M-→M′, such that the orbits of Γ are the fibers of the projection ρ.

We introduce an infinite variant of hypersurface support for finite-dimensional, noncommutative complete intersections. We show that hypersurface support defines a support theory for the big singularity category $\operatorname {Sing}(R)$ , and that the support of an object in $\operatorname {Sing}(R)$ vanishes if and only if the object itself vanishes. Our work is inspired by Avramov and Buchweitz’ support theory for (commutative) local complete intersections. In the companion piece [27], we employ hypersurface support for infinite-dimensional modules, and the results of the present paper, to classify thick ideals in stable categories for a number of families of finite-dimensional Hopf algebras.

Le résultat principal de ce travail est le suivant: les courbes elliptiques définies sur Q, et ayant bonne réduction en dehors de 3, vérifient la conjecture de Weil (cf. [2], Th. 2).

As typical examples of modular forms there are theta series and Eisenstein series. We can easily see the behaviour of the Hecke operator on the Eisenstein series but it is very difficult to know that on the theta series.

Let S be a Noetherian local ring with maximal ideal J and k the residue field of S. Let G be a finite group of order n and suppose that G acts on S as automorphisms. Let R = SG and I = JG. We denote by S[G] (resp. R[G]) the twisted group ring of G over S (resp. the group algebra of G over R). Recall that the multiplication of S[G] is defined as follows : sg · th = sg(t) · gh for s, t ∊ S and g, h ∊ G. Let tG(S) = {Σg ∈ Gg(s)/s ∈ S} and call it the trace ideal of S. Note that tG(S) = R if n is a unit of S. We say that S has a normal basis if S ≅ R[G] as R[G]-modules. This condition says that there is an element s of S so that {g(s)}g ∈ G forms an R-free basis of S.

Dans ce mémoire, on continue d’étudier sur les fonctions à des limites fines que J. L. Doob a trouvées [5]. On a trouvé quelques propriétés des fonctions dans [10]. Dans le paragraphe 2 on donne une condition suffisante afin qu’une fonction admette une limite fine et on étudie sur l’indice harmonique d’un spot asymptotique d’une fonction à une limite fine. Le paragraphe 3 est consacré aux études d’autres propriétés.

Many problems in differential and analytic geometry seem to have something to do with the study of non-linear partial differential equations of elliptic type. For instance, the classical Weyl and Minkowski problems for a convex surface have been studied by H. Weyl, H. Lewy, and L. Nirenberg using the iteration method for the construction of solutions of certain non-linear equations of elliptic type (see [6]). Also, M. Kuranishi [3] constructed the effective complete family of deformations of complex analytic structures on a given compact complex manifold as the solution space of another non-linear equation of elliptic type; whereby the basic idea in his work is to apply an implicit function theorem to the non-linear operator of a Banach space, and to construct the bifurcation of solutions explicitly.

Let D be a domain in the complex z-plane and γ be a boundary component of D consisting of a single point. The component γ is said to be weak if its image under any conformal mapping of D consists of a single point. If γ is not weak, then we say that γ is unstable (Sario [3], [4]).

Let be the free product of q + 1 copies of Zn+1 and let denote its Cayley graph (with respect to aj, 1 ≤ j ≤ q + 1). We may think of G as a group acting on the “homogeneous space” , This point of view is inspired by the case of SL2(R) acting on the hyperbolic disk and is developed in [FT-P] [I-P] [FT-S] [S] (but see also [C]).

Since G is a group we may investigate some classical topics: the full (reductive) C* algebra, its dual space, the regular Von Neumann algebra and so on. See [B] [P] [L] [V] and also [H]. These approaches give results pointing up the analogy between harmonic analysis on these groups and harmonic analysis on more classical objects.

Consider a homogeneous linear differential equation of the second order whose coefficients are rational functions of the independent variable x over the field C of complex numbers. We assume that the coefficient of the first order derivative vanishes:

Let Ω be an algebraic number field of finite degree, which we fix once for all, and let K be a cyclic extension over Ω such that the degree of K/Ω is a powerof a prime number l. It is obvious that the norm group NK/ΩeK of the unit group ek of K, being a subgroup of the unit group e of Ω contains the groupconsisting of all-th powersof ε∈e.

There are extensive works on the limit theorems for sequences of stochastic ordinary differential equations written in the form:

where is a stochastic process and is a deterministic function, both of which take values in the space of vector fields. The case where {ftn} n satisfies certain mixing conditions has been studied by Khas’minskii [7], Kesten-Papanicolaou [6] and others.

The object of the present paper is to give a method of studying the topological properties of integral manifolds defined by a completely integrable one-form.

Our method is differential-topological. Through the singular points of the variation equation of the given one-form, we investigate the qualitative properties of the integral manifolds.

Let F be an open Riemann surface spread over the z-plane. We say that F is of positive or null boundary, according as there exists a Green’s function on F or not, Let u(z) be a harmonic function on F

and be its Dirichlet integral As R. Nevanlinna proved, if F is of null boundary, there exists no one-valued non-constant harmonic function on F5 whose Dirichlet integral is finite, This Nevanlinna’s theorem was proved very simply by Kuroda.

It has been my program to develop fundamental theories of mathematics starting from TABOOS and standing on the primitive logic LO at first instead of starting from AXIOMS and standing on the fairly brought up logic, the lower classical logic LK. This was proposed in my work [1].