For every m-tuple of operators acting on a Hilbert space, it is shown that there exists a common dilation of these operators to mcommuting normal operators on some larger Hilbert space. We then introduce a norm on the m-fold cartesian product of ℬ(ℋ) that is defined to be, for a given w-tuple, the infimum of the joint spectral radii of all joint normal dilations of the m operators. This norm has several good features, one of which is that it is invariant under the passage to adjoints.

Let 𝒳 be a complex Banach space, with open unit ball B. We consider the algebra of analytic functions on B that are weakly continuous and that are uniformly continuous with respect to the norm. We show these are precisely the analytic functions on B that extend to be weak-star continuous on the closed unit ball of 𝒳**. If 𝒳* has the approximation property, then any such function is approximable uniformly on B by finite polynomials in elements of 𝒳*. On the other hand, there exist Banach spaces for which these finite-type polynomials fail to approximate. We consider also the approximation of entire functions by finite-type polynomials. Assuming 𝒳* has the approximation property, we show that entire functions are approximable uniformly on bounded sets if and only if the spectrum of the algebra of entire functions coincides (as a point set) with 𝒳**.

This paper analyzes the n-fold composition of a certain non-linear integral operator acting on a class of functions on [0,1 ]. The attracting orbit is identified and various properties of convergence to this orbit are derived. The results imply that the space-time scaling limit of a certain infinite system of interacting diffusions has universal behavior independent of model parameters.

Let m, n be nonnegative integers and B(m+n) be a set of m + n + 1 real interpolation points (not necessarily distinct). Let Rm,n = Pm,n/Qm.n be the unique rational function with deg Pm,n ≤ m, deg Qm,n ≤ n, that interpolates ex in the points of B(m+n). If m = mv, n = nv with mv + nv → ∞, and mv / nv → λ as v → ∞, and the sets B(m+n) are uniformly bounded, we show that locally uniformly in the complex plane C, where the normalization Qm,n(0) = 1 has been imposed. Moreover, for any compact set K ⊂ C we obtain sharp estimates for the error |ez — Rm,n(z)| when z ∈ K. These results generalize properties of the classical Padé approximants. Our convergence theorems also apply to best (real) Lp rational approximants to ex on a finite real interval.

We formulate a conjecture analogous to Gross' refinement of the Stark conjectures on special values of abelian L-series at s = 0. Some evidence for the conjecture can be obtained, thanks to the fundamental ideas of F. Thaine.

In his first and lost notebooks, Ramanujan recorded several values for the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction. Some of these results have been proved by K. G. Ramanathan, using mostly ideas with which Ramanujan was unfamiliar. In this paper, eight of Ramanujan's values are established; four are proved for the first time, while the remaining four had been previously proved by Ramanathan by entirely different methods. Our proofs employ some of Ramanujan's beautiful eta-function identities, which have not been heretofore used for evaluating continued fractions.

We extend the min-max methods used in the critical point theory of differentiable functionals on smooth manifolds to the case of continuous functionals on a complete metric space. We study the topological properties of the min-max generated critical points in this new setting by adopting the methodology developed by Ghoussoub in the smooth case. Many old and new results are extended and unified and some applications are given.

A necessary and sufficient geometric characterization and a necessary and sufficient analytic characterization of interpolating varieties for the space of entire functions will be obtained in the paper, which as an application will also give a generalization of the well-known Pólya-Levinson density theorem.

Let C be a separable Hilbert Space, and let Λ be the halfplane {(m, n) ∈ Ζ2 : m ≥ 1} ∪ {(0, n) ∈ Ζ2 : n ≥ 0} of the integer lattice. Consider the subspace ℳc(Λ) of on the torus spanned by the C-valued trigonometric functions {Ceims+int : с ∈ C, (m, n) ∈ Λ}. The notion of a Λ-analytic operator on ℳc(Λ) is defined with respect to the family of shift operators {Smn}Λ on ℳC(Λ) given by (Smnƒ)(eis, eit) = eims+intƒ(eis, eit). The corresponding concepts of inner function, outer function and analytic range function are explored. These ideas are applied to the spectral factorization problem in prediction theory.

An additive subgroup P of a skew field F is called a prime of F if P does not contain the identity, but if the product xy of two elements x and y in F is contained in P, then x or y is in P. A prime segment of F is given by two neighbouring primes P1 ⊃ P2; such a segment is invariant, simple, or exceptional depending on whether A(P1) = {a ∈ P1 | P1aP1 ⊂ P1} equals P1, P2 or lies properly between P1 and P2. The set T(F) of all primes of F together with the containment relation is a tree if |T(F)| is finite, and 1 < |T(F)| < ∞ is possible if F is not commutative. In this paper we construct skew fields with prescribed types of sequences of prime segments as skew fields F of fractions of group rings of certain right ordered groups. In particular, groups G of affine transformations on ordered vector spaces V are considered, and the relationship between properties of Dedekind cuts of V, certain right orders on G, and chains of prime segments of F is investigated. A general result in Section 4 describing the possible orders on vector spaces over ordered fields may be of independent interest.

We consider the usual topological vector space H(G) of all functions holomorphic in a region G ⊂ ℂ. If G satisfies certain conditions, it is possible to introduce the Hadamard product as multiplication in H(G), and then H(G) turns out to be a commutative topological algebra. In [5] we characterized the invertible elements in H(G), and the aim of this paper is to study the closed ideals and some further questions.

Let T be an invertible measure-preserving transformation on a σ-finite measure space (X, μ) and let 1 < p < ∞. This paper uses an abstract method developed by José Luis Rubio de Francia which allows us to give a unified approach to the problems of characterizing the positive measurable functions v such that the limit of the ergodic averages or the ergodic Hilbert transform exist for all f ∈ Lp(νdμ). As a corollary, we obtain that both problems are equivalent, extending to this setting some results of R. Jajte, I. Berkson, J. Bourgain and A. Gillespie. We do not assume the boundedness of the operator Tf(x) = f(Tx) on Lp(νdμ). However, the method of Rubio de Francia shows that the problems of convergence are equivalent to the existence of some measurable positive function u such that the ergodic maximal operator and the ergodic Hilbert transform are bounded from LP(νdμ) into LP(udμ). We also study and solve the dual problem.

In this paper, we study two generalizations of the Stirling numbers of the first and second kinds, inspired from their combinatorial interpretation in terms of 0-1 tableaux. They are the 𝔄-Stirling numbers and the partial Stirling numbers. In particular, we give a q and a p, q-analogue of convolution formulae for Stirling numbers of the second kind, due to Chen and Verde-Star, and we extend these formulae to Stirling numbers of the first kind. Included in this study are the a, d-progressive Stirlingnumbers, corresponding to 0-1 tableaux with column lengths from an arithmetic progression ﹛a + id﹜i≥0.

In the paper we find, for certain values of the parameters, the spaces of multipliers (H(p, q, α), H(s, t, β) and (H(p, q, α), ls), where H(p, q, α) denotes the space of analytic functions on the unit disc such that . As corollaries we recover some new results about multipliers on Bergman spaces and Hardy spaces.

In a coprime action, we study character correspondences between the invariant characters of the group and those of subgroups containing the fixed points subgroup. Some character degree consequences are obtained.

We study positive measures on 𝔹n satisfying that . for any ƒ ∈ where is the Hardy-Sobolev space in the unit ball. We obtain several computable sufficient conditions as well as some necessary conditions and establish their sharpness. We study the same problem for Besov-Sobolev spaces and give some applications to multipliers.

Let U(KλG) be the group of units of the infinite twisted group algebra KλG over a field K. We describe the FC-centre ΔU of U(KλG) and give a characterization of the groups G and fields K for which U(KλG) = ΔU. In the case of group algebras we obtain the Cliff-Sehgal-Zassenhaus theorem.

Assume k is an algebraically closed field of characteristic p and G is a finite group. If P is a p-subgroup of G such that G = PCG(P), and if H is a normal subgroup of G with P ≤ H, then the number of H-cliques of irreducible k[G]-modules is the same as the number of H/P-cliques of irreducible k[G/P]-modules.

Let an interval I ⊂ ℝ and subsets D0, D1 ⊂ I with D0 ∪ D1 = I and D0 ∩ D1 = Ø be given, as well as functions r0: D0 → I, r1: D1 → I. We investigate the system (S) of two functional equations for an unknown function f: I → [0, 1]: We derive conditions for the existence, continuity and monotonicity of a solution. It turns out that the binary expansion of a solution can be computed in a simple recursive way. This recursion is algebraic for, e.g., inverse trigonometric functions, but also for the elliptic integral of the first kind. Moreover, we use (S) to construct two kinds of peculiar functions: surjective functions whose intervals of constancy are residual in I, and strictly increasing functions whose derivative is 0 almost everywhere.

We study the generalized moment problem and the marginal constraints problem. We connect them when the measures have a finite support.

The extreme points of the convex set of solutions with a finite support are determined in both problems.

For the moment problem, they are shown to span in the weak topology the set of all the solutions.