No significant relationships.

No significant relationships.

Love of life as a positive evaluation of one‘s own life plays an important role in developing a person’s positive outlook on their own wellbeing.

Our goal is to define the nature of interrelations between manifestations of love of life and some psychosocial factors of health in university students.

Using the English version of the Love of Life Scale (Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek) and the Sociocultural Health Questionnaire (E. Nikolaev), we carried out an online survey of 136 university students of both genders. A correlation analysis helped to define the interrelations.

We established that a high level of the overall rate of Love of Life, on the one hand, corresponds to high self-evaluation of a person’s health (r=.31, p<.05) and happiness (r=.47, p<.05). On the other hand, it correlates with a high level of anti-suicidal barrier (r=.20, p<.05) and low frequency of headaches (r=-.18, p<.05). Students’ desire for a long life, which would enable to achieve everything they have been dreaming of, correlates with low weight (r=-.18, p<.05). A low level of stress is connected with a greater feeling of love in life (r=-.22, p<.05) and its perception as something beautiful and fascinating (r=-.29, p<.05). Better understanding of life correlates with lower frequency of smoking (r=-.19, p<.05).

A psychological construct of Love of life, due to its negative correlations with the health risk factors has a great positive potential for a personality development and their health. It can serve as a target for a psychological impact in interventions.

No significant relationships.

Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency is the most frequent congenital defect among the urea cycle enzymatic disorders, due to mutations a!ecting the OTC gen (Xp21.1) that are inherited with an X-linked pattern. As it happens with sex-linked genetic disorders, late-onset OTC deficiency is more prevalent among women, so that females may be asymptomatic over the years and manifest symptoms only when they are submitted under severe metabolic stress, such as pregnancy, infections or new medications. The enzymatic defect involves a blockage a!ecting the main biochemical route that converts ammonia into urea. This leads to analytic hyperammonemia and the outburst of gastrointestinal, neurological and psychiatric symptoms with variable severity.

Expounding the importance of inborn errors of metabolism as possible causes of a psychotic episode.

Describing the case, supporting our data with a bibliographic research made on PubMed.

We describe a psychiatric adult-onset OTC deficiency in a 37-year-old woman with borderline intellectual functioning and a psychotic episode in the context of an infection that was wrongly diagnosed at first as schizophrenia, until the genetic study was carried out. The woman’s familiar history shown an OTC deficiency among some family members, a mutation- carrier sister and at least two male children death by the first month of life.

Organic psychosis can be caused by a large number of medical diseases. A di!erential diagnosis of possible cerebral, toxic or metabolic causes of psychosis is necessary to avoid mistakes in diagnosis.

No significant relationships.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a prevalent, often severe, and disabling illness that affects about 1-5% of the general population and has the highest risk of suicide among psychiatric disorders. Impulsivity and, emotion dysregulation have been emphasized due to their role in facilitating suicide acts among those with suicide ideation.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and suicidality in patients with bipolar disorder by comparing bipolar patients with healthy individuals

The study included 85 patients (59 women, 26 men) with bipolar disorder and education and age-matched 65 (44 women, 21 men) healthy volunteers. The patient group was divided into 3 subgroups according to have suicide attempt history, have suicide ideation without attempt, and have neither suicide attempt nor ideation. Sociodemographic Form, The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), Scale for Suicide Ideation, Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire scales were applied to the participants.

Patients with bipolar disorder had significantly higher scores for emotion dysregulation and impulsivity than the healthy control group. A statistically significant correlation was found between emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, suicide ideation, and suicide behavior scores. DERS Total and Barratt Total scores were found higher for bipolar patients with suicide attempts than bipolar patients with suicide ideation and bipolar patients with neither attempt nor ideation. The hierarchical regression analysis has indicated that strategies, clarity, and non-planing impulsiveness were the predictors of suicide ideation in bipolar patients.

The results suggested a strong association between emotional dysregulation, impulsivity with suicide ideation, and behavior in patients with bipolar disorder.

No significant relationships.

Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug found in mushrooms, often referred to as magic mushrooms due to its visual and auditory hallucinations effects upon ingestion. It is a Schedule I drug per DEA, and the FDA has not approved psilocybin for medicinal purposes. However, recent studies have shown promising therapeutic use to treat depression.

To identify current use, prevalence, and its association with depression in adolescents.

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health survey data from 2008-18 studied adolescent data (12-17 years), who responded, “ever used psilocybin (mushrooms)” and “lifetime major depressive episode (MDE).” The association between the psilocybin use and MDE status was analyzed in SAS 9.4 through multivariate logistic regression for odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

A total of 172745 adolescents were included in this study, of which 2469 ever used psilocybin in their lifetime, and 170276 responded no lifetime use. The psilocybin ever lifetime users were 17 years old (42%vs.17%,p<0.001), male (60%vs.51%,p<0.001), and non-Hispanic White (71%vs.55%,p<0.001) in comparison to non-users. Among psilocybin user group, 31% of respondents had lifetime MDE, compared to 16% of the lifetime psilocybin non-user group participants (p<0.001). The odds of association of psilocybin use among participants with MDE were 2.17 times compared to those without MDE (CI: 1.93-2.44,p<0.001).

We identified a significant association between psilocybin use and MDE among adolescents, which raises public health concerns about its illegal use, abuse, and toxicity potential. Future clinical studies should assess its clinical safety, efficacy, and addictive properties.

No significant relationships.

Spain went into lockdown in March of 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak. We had to stop the third randomization of our ongoing clinical trial (Mediavilla et al., 2019), pausing weekly group psychotherapy for 12 people with a first episode of psychosis. Only 5 weekly sessions had been delivered, thus many were just starting to form a therapeutic link with the group. In a public health emergency context, psychotherapeutic groups are considered avoidable gatherings. However, stopping psychological therapy abruptly can make participants more vulnerable. The intervention groups were launched in an online format because we could not let anyone go without psychological support in such a difficult time.

Communicate how we adapted an ongoing clinical trial to an online format during the lockdown in Spain.

In light of our participants’ needs and their acute deterioration the first two weeks of lockdown, we adapted our intervention. First, both arms (mindfulness-based v. psychoeducational multicomponent intervention) began online adaptations of the interventions. Second, a research assistant made weekly phone calls to provide basic psychosocial support, assure participants groups would continue, and later remind them of each online session. Third and last, the phoneline was accessible 24/7 (WhatsApp).

The third randomization concluded in December. Six participants were lost in the transition to online groups. However, adherence was comparable to the previous two randomizations (4/12 completed the intervention).

Online psychotherapy may be used in emergencies such as a lockdown. However, the psychological mid- and long-term effects of a lockdown and online group therapy remain unknown.

No significant relationships.

COVID-19, caused by the most recently discovered corona virus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2), has already reached pandemic scale worldwide. And it is expected for health care workers to feel stressed and worried during these times due to their exposure to infected individuals.

This study aims to identify the relationship between the demographic profile and health-related traits of EAMC employees, and their perceived stressors that aggravate psychologic distress experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

In this cross-sectional study of 390 health care workers, we use two brief mental health screening tools, namely Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), a validated tool for depression, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) a validated tool for anxiety.

Factors such as marital status, occupation and employment status appear to have association with the development of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Perceived stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic include long working hours, inconsistent administrative policies, exposure to Covid-19 positive individuals, inadequate time off from work and increasing number of patients but without commensurate additional work force. For our sample population, 31.8% did not have depressive symptoms, 35.6% had mild, 21% moderate, 9.7% moderately severe and 1.8% had severe depressive symptoms. While for anxiety, 57.7% had no to minimal symptoms, 26.9% mild, 9.7% moderate and 5.6% had severe anxiety symptoms.

It is therefore concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic indeed caused significant anxiety and depressive symptoms among health care workers. Measures to increase the work force should be put in place to decrease work burden and employee fatigue.

No significant relationships.

Magnesium is one of the crucial electrolytes that plays a significant role in maintaining various cellular and metabolic processes. Studies demonstrate that Hypomagnesemia is evident in patients of critical care unit and alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Low Magnesium level is associated several dreadful complications as such higher mortality, cardiac arrythmias, septic shock, prolonged ICU stay, increased need for intubations and delayed weaning from ventilation etc. Prescribing Magnesium with cautious supervision might prevent these alarming sequels. Value to determine Hypomagnesemia regarding critical patients is extremely significant to determine timing for possible interventions.

To review the impact and significance of low serum Magnesium level on prognosis of patients with critical care unit and alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

To evaluate our reseach topic, we search through “Pubmed” and “Google Scholar” database using key words “Hypomagnesemia”, “Critical care” and “Alcohol withdrawal syndrome”, articles popped up. We select 5 articles on the basis of internal and external validity.

Level of Magnesium determination is extremely crucial to steer proper management in ICU, CDU, and critically ill patients. Studies reflecting most of the patients in critical care and alcohol withdrawal syndrome suffer from Hypomagnesemia. Most recent studies demonstrate that a level below 0.75 mmol/L is considered Hypomagnesemia for total Mg and level below 0.42 mmol/L for ionized Mg.

Hypomagnesemia is associated with dire consequences and fatal outcomes for critical patients in terms of mortality,prolonged ICU stay,septic shock as well as need for mechanical ventilation.Supplementing Mg with careful monitoring could prevent lethal aftermath while treating patients of AWS and critical care.

No significant relationships.

The recovery of community-dwelling people diagnosed with mental illness is positively correlated with having their needs met; however, only a few person-centered services provide solutions that are tailored to the needs of such populations.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a needs-tailored recovery program.

A double-blind randomized controlled trial was used. In the experimental group, people diagnosed with mental illness received homecare services for six months as part of a new needs-tailored recovery program. The control group received existing community homecare services. Data were collected before and after the intervention (July 2020 to January 2021). The primary outcome was recovery, and secondary outcomes were needs, hope, empowerment, psychotic symptoms, and medication adherence.

The recovery program integrated the evidence-based care elements for community-dwelling people diagnosed with mental illness that we had identified: need satisfaction, hope, empowerment, and medication adherence. In total, 62 participants were included. There were no significant pre-test differences between the two groups in terms of demographic or baseline variables. However, there were significant differences between them in the extent of improvement in recovery, needs, hope, and empowerment, and medication adherence improved significantly but similarly in both groups.

Our person-centered recovery program fitted individuals’ needs and improved recovery and related elements for personal recovery among community-dwelling people diagnosed with mental illness. This study increases our understanding of recovery-oriented care to prioritize therapeutic alliance, integrated needs assessment, individualized unique goals, hope, and empowerment.

No significant relationships.

15-year-old female referred to outpatient unit after COVID lockdown for binge eating and purging with depressive symptoms and anxiety.

To show the importance of a correct diagnosis in an impulsive patient with eating disorder

case report and literature review

The patient presents emotional instability with interpersonal difficulties with high fear of rejection. She suffered from fear of gaining weight and desires to lose weight with rejection of her body image. Fluoxetine and lorazepam are started together with low doses of olanzapine. During the follow up she presented a worsening of mood, onset of self-injuries and an episode of suicidal attempt. A biographical examination was performed, expressing a feeling of academic failure with difficulty concentrating and performing simple tasks. As a child she is described as impulsive, with frequent arguments with classmates. CPT III was performed with a high probability of ADHD. Treatment was started with lisdexamfetamine up to 50 mg with good tolerance. From the beginning of the treatment the patient expressed a feeling of improvement in the control of emotions as well as in the management of her impulsivity. There was an improvement in her academic performance with a decrease in self-injury episodes. The patient was able to express improvement in the sense of incapacity she felt.

This case shows how marked emotional dysregulation and impulsive symptoms improves after diagnosis and subsequent treatment of ADHD, also improving eating symptoms. ADHD is present in eating disorders, especially in those with impulse dyscontrol such as binge eating disorder or bulimia nervosa.

No significant relationships.

Psychiatric symptoms are a common comorbid feature of hypothalamic hamartoma(HH) with epilepsy. They are a significant challenge for patient and their families. Most common psychiatric symptoms are externalizing behaviors such as aggression and defiance.

To outline an atypical presentation of HH in form of development of ADHD post-surgery.

A 6-year old child born out of non-consanguinous marriage, with history of hyperemesis gravidarum and depression in mother in ante-natal period, delivered by NVD at term(did not cry at birth and was hospitalized for 3 days) with birth weight of 2.25 kg, currently presented to Neurology with global developemental delay and history of gelastic seizures since 3 years of age. Patient was diagnosed with pituitary hamartoma(through MRI) and precocious puberty that time and was operated for it after which he started having behavioural issues like irritability, aggression, hyperactivity and lack of appropriate social behaviour with peers along with defiance towards parents. Child was then refered to Psychiatry. On MSE patient did not interact with interviewer and was noticed to shout loudly when confronted for using mobile phone. MRI brain(2 months back) showed post-op changes with cystic lesion in suprasellar region. IQ assessment showed borderline intelligence.

Patient was started on Risperidone(upto 1.5 mg) which lead to some improvement. However antiepileptics are being rationalized to prevent behavioural issues secondary to epilepsy

Patients of HH with epilepsy, present with varied psychiatric symptoms which usually improve after surgery. However we came across a child with worsening of psychiatric symptoms after he was operated for above lesion.

No significant relationships.

Depression and anxiety-related mental health and employment earnings are complexly intertwined but have rarely been studied as parallel processes.

Determine the number of latent parallel trajectories of mental health and employment earnings over two decades among a cohort of American youth entering the labor force, and estimate the association between baseline sociodemographic/health factors and latent trajectory class membership.

This study included 8,173 participants from the American National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, who were 13–17 years old in 1997. The survey occurred annually until 2011 then biennially until 2017. Mental health was measured eight times using the Mental Health Inventory-5 between 2000–2017. Employment earnings were measured annually between 1998–2017, where participants were 33–37 years old. Latent parallel trajectories were estimated using latent growth modeling. The association between baseline predictors and trajectory membership was explored using multinomial logistic regression.

Four latent trajectory classes were identified: good mental health, high earnings (3% of sample, average 2017 earnings ˜$196,000 USD); good mental health, medium earnings (23%, average 2017 earnings ˜$78,100); good mental health, low earnings (50%, average 2017 earnings ˜$39,500); and poor mental, low earnings (24%, average 2017 earnings ˜$32,000). Multinomial models revealed participants who were younger, female, Black, Hispanic, who had lower socioeconomic status, and had used marijuana at baseline had higher odds of belonging to the poor mental health, low earnings class.

Findings highlight the stagnated, parallel course of poor mental health and earnings, and the influence of gender, race, adolescent socioeconomic status, and health behaviors on these trajectories.

No significant relationships.

Sexual minorities have been coming out more than ever before. However, Tunisian laws and society are still not supportive of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) rights. To this day, Tunisian doctors are requisitioned to carry out anal tests as part of expert testimonies in cases of conviction for homosexuality.

Assess Tunisian physicians’ attitudes and knowledge towards LGBT patients.

We conducted a cross-sectional study in October 2021, among 445 Tunisian physicians and medical students. Data were collected via an anonymous self-administered online questionnaire including sociodemographic data and the LGBT Development of Clinical Skills Scale (LGBT-DOCSS).

The overall LGBT-DOCSS score was quite good (4.47 ±0.85). The attitudes of Tunisian doctors were better than their knowledge (p=0.01; t=2.6), which was better than their clinical preparedness (p<10-3; t=25) in treating LGBT patients. Doctors who self-identify as sexual minorities and those who interacted with LGBT people in their daily lives, were less stigmatising, more able to treat them and had better knowledge of their needs. Those who had had sexology training (5%) had better LGBT-DOCSS score (p=0.013), better knowledge (p=0.045) and preparedness (p<10-3) in treating LGBT patients but did not appear to be less stigmatising than the rest of the group (p=0.9). Religiosity was associated with a more stigmatising attitude (p<10-3), but had no impact on knowledge or preparedness.

This study points to gaps, identified by doctors themselves when faced with an LGBT patient. A more inclusive health system requires better matching of health services to the needs of the whole population without discrimination.

No significant relationships.

Heath workers especiallyin the emergency rooms and emergency medical services are exposed to sustained stress which had increased due to the Pandemic situation

To search for factors associated with mental disorders among health workers during the Covid 19 pandemic

Data were collected through a questionnaire,with demographic variables anddifferentscales to evaluate the degree of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, distress, and the level of work engagement(PHQ-9,GAD-7,ISI,IES-R,UWES-9).

Of the 217 participants, 46% were physicians, 42% were nurses and 12% were emergency medical technicians. We also found a femalepredominance of 66%, 55% were single and a total of 155 participants of whom 71% were frontline health workers. In our study, 54.8% of the HCWs had symptoms of depression, 68.2% had symptoms of anxiety and insomnia and 71.4% had symptoms of distress. Binarylogisticregressionanalysisshowedthat being married was associated with depression, anxiety, and insomnia, and being a frontlineworkerappeared to be a risk factor for depression and insomnia. Psychiatric support was an independentrisk factor for all psychiatric symptoms.In addition, living in a rural area was associated with depression, and age 31 or older was associated with anxiety. In addition, having a history of psychiatric illness was a risk factor for insomnia. Being a nurse was identified as a risk factor for psychiatric distress. We also found a moderatelevel of professional commitment to be a protective factor.

Protecting healthcare workers is a crucial part of the public health response to the COVID-19 outbreak.

No significant relationships.

The coronavirus epidemic started in Tunisia in March 2020. Health personnel have been in the front line in the fight against this virus since that date. The COVID units of the hospitals and the different hospital services have been reinforced by student nurses (trainees, volunteers…).

To evaluate the degree of stress perceived during the COVID-19 pandemic by student nurses. To identify coping skills during a COVID-19 pandemic.

Descriptive, retrospective study conducted in March 2021 on the 60 senior nursing students enrolled in the military health school. We used the Cungi (1997) stress scale and developed a self-questionnaire on coping skills used by the students.

Our population was 54.3% male and 45.7% female. The average age was 22.6 years. The majority of the senior students (54.3%) worked in units dedicated to the care of patients with COVID-19. On the Cungi Stress Rating Scale, students had very low (13%), low (27%), and high (60%) stress levels. The main coping methods used were watching movies and listening to music (81%), playing sports (80%), praying (75%), rigorously applying social distancing measures and wearing protective gear (73%), talking with friends or psychologists (62%), doing yoga or meditation (34%), drinking herbal tea, alcohol, or taking psychotropic drugs (23%).

The COVID-19 pandemic is a time of major stress for nursing students. The coping methods used seem insufficient. Psychological support should be provided.

No significant relationships.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected mental health globally, but the impact on referrals and admissions to mental health services remains understudied.

To assess patterns in psychiatric admissions, referrals, and suicidal behavior before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark.

Utilizing hospital and Emergency Medical Services (EMS) health records covering 46% of the Danish population, we compared psychiatric in-patients, referrals to mental health services and suicidal behavior in years prior to the COVID-19 pandemic to levels during the first lockdown (March 11 – May 17, 2020), inter-lockdown period (May 18 – December 15, 2020), and second lockdown (December 16, 2020 – February 28, 2021) using negative binomial models.

The rate of psychiatric in-patients declined compared to pre-pandemic levels (RR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.94 – 0.96, p < 0.01). Referrals were not significantly different (RR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.92 – 1.10, p = 0.91) during the pandemic; neither was suicidal behavior among hospital contacts (RR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.94 – 1.14, p = 0.48) nor EMS contacts (RR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00 – 1.18, p = 0.06). In the age group <18, an increase in the rate of psychiatric in-patients (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.07 – 1.15, p < 0.01) was observed during the pandemic; however, this did not exceed the pre-pandemic, upwards trend in psychiatric hospitalizations in the age group <18 (p = 0.78).

The pandemic was associated with a decrease in psychiatric hospitalizations. No significant change was observed in referrals and suicidal behavior.

No significant relationships.

Resident physician’s working conditions are linked to poor health outcomes of professionals and patient’s safety. Previous studies suggest that residents in Spain have difficulties enjoying mandatory rest after on-call shifts.

This study aims at describing the working conditions: working hours and the absence of mandatory rest periods after a 24h on-call shift in residents of psychiatry in the region of Madrid.

A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was carried out through an anonymous survey adapted from the available literature.

Up to 24,1% of the surveyed residents could not enjoy mandatory resting periods after a 24 hour on-call shift and the mandatory weekly rest of at least 36 hours was not done in up to 17% of the cases with statistical significance (p <0.05). The average number of 24 hours on call shifts residents had to work per month was 5, which exceeds the maximum weekly hours allowed by law.

The findings reveal a violation of resident physician labor rights in relation to resting times after on-call shifts, weekly breaks and working hours. These phenomena pose a significant threat to resident physician’s health and patient safety.

No significant relationships.

No significant relationships.

The era of the paternalisation of the patient is over, gradually giving way to new models, in particular that of “shared medical decision making”, with the aim of responding to the growing desires of the patient and giving priority to his autonomy.

to establish the influence of the new active position of the patient in the therapeutic process on the satisfaction of the psychiatric patient.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that took place over a period of 5 months from April 2019 to August 2019 in two university hospital psychiatry departments of Razi Hospital in Tunisia . The questionnaire was administered outside any period of hospitalisation, in order to increase the reliability of responses. We used a pre-established form including socio-demographic data, clinical data concerning the patient’s mental disorder followed by a patient satisfaction questionnaire regarding the quality of care received in a psychiatric setting.

The patients interviewed in our study reported a good level of satisfaction (67.5%) with their involvement in the therapeutic process. However, 45.5% of the patients expressed dissatisfaction with the information provided to them by their doctor about their mental health status. The majority of the subjects surveyed expressed satisfaction with the quality of the interviews conducted during hospitalisation (71%) and with the time spent with the doctor (67%).

Despite the fact that providing information to patients with mental health problems is a key element of patient satisfaction, not enough doctors actually include it in their daily practice.

No significant relationships.