A pilot-scale industrial microwave unit operating at 2450 MHz was used to test whether microwave treatment can control Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) populations infesting stored rye, Secale cereale L. (Poaceae). Tests were performed in samples of rye (50 g) with 14%, 16%, or 18% moisture content. Samples containing T. castaneum eggs, larvae, pupae, or adults were exposed to 200, 300, 400, or 500 W for periods of 28 or 56 s, resulting in final surface temperatures ranging from 47.2 to 83.9 °C. Eggs were most vulnerable; adults were least vulnerable. Subsequent tests showed that microwaves reduced rye germination and flour yield. No effect of treatment on grain protein content, falling number, sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation volume, mixograph and farinograph dough development times, or baking properties was detected.

Adults of four new species of Trisetacus are described from southern British Columbia, Canada: T. neoabietis from foliage of Amabilis fir, T. neopiceae from foliage of Engelmann and Sitka spruce, T. uclueletensis from foliage of Sitka spruce, and T. columbiensis from buds and foliage of Douglas-fir.

The Mexican and Central American species of the Genus Isomira Mulsant (Coleoptera: Alleculidae) are revised. Ten species and four subspecies are treated, of which six species and all the subspecies are described as new. New species are: Isomira championi, I. howdeni, I. rotundata, I. mexicanus, I. acuta, and I. alticola. New subspecies are: Isomira howdeni hidalgoensis, I. subaenea soror, I. s. punctata, and I. s. guatemalensis. A key is presented for the determination of the taxa.

The most relevant morphometric characteristics of six species of the genus Anuraphis Del Guercio were compared. Anuraphis shaposhnikovisp. nov. is described and its morphological differences from the closely related species Anuraphis subterranea are presented. The new species was collected in Sicily and in the central area of the Italian peninsula on Magydaris pastinacea (Lam.) Paol. (Apiaceae) and Opopanax chironium (L.) Koch (Apiaceae), which are its secondary host plants. A key to the viviparous morphs (apterae and alatae) of the seven western Palaearctic species living on secondary hosts is provided. Discriminant functions have been derived to separate both apterae and alatae of A. shaposhnikovi and A. subterranea.

Some aspects of the characterization and delimitation of the chironomid genera are presented. The size and composition of the taxa and different types of splitting are discussed, with examples from Chironomus. Some opinions regarding the practical value of the category subgenus are weighed. Ideas about the relationship between phylogeny and classification are put forward, and some problems concerning the ecological characterization of genera are discussed.

The following new species were bred in the course of Insect Faunal Survey work carried on in various parts of Ontario.

Coleophora salicivorella n. sp.

Palpi deep smoky, pale whitish inwardly and narrowly along ventral edge of secon joint: ventro-apical tuft on second joint well developed. Antennae with the basal joint deep smoky and slightly tufted, otherwise whitish, annulate with brown.

Zarhopalus debarri Sun sp.nov. reared from the loblolly pine mealybug, Oracella acuta (Lobdell), in the southeastern United States is described.

Sphinx catalpae Boisd., pl. 2, figs. 1, 2 (1874).

This species is represented in the Collection of Mr. E. L. Graef by an example from Florida. It is smaller and darker than D. undulosa or D. Hageni, of a uniform butternut or olive brown tint.

Emydia ampla, n. s.

♀. Wings large, body linear, slight. Eyes naked ; palpi exceeding the front ; maxillæ weak.

Eight species of insects parasitic on the Oriental fruit moth, Grapholitha molesta (Busck), were reared from host larvae collected in a peach orchard that was unsprayed since 1962. Macrocentrus ancylivorus Rohwer was the dominant species and parasitized between 40 and 50% of first and second generation larvae from 1964 to 1966. Despite this the parasite did not appear to be a controlling factor in these years and population fluctuations of the fruit moth resulted from other causes. In 1967 parasitism rose sharply to 61% in the first generation and 74% in the second. Low adult emergence in the second generation was related directly to the increased parasitism. Effectiveness of the parasite depended both on its numbers and degree of synchronization with the development of the moth population. To determine its total effect parasitism must be measured throughout each generation of the fruit moth, because in most years it tended to reach a maximum early in the generation and then gradually decline.

The genus Hypophloeus contains a number of undescribed species but until the relation of certain forms as sexes has been established or disproved it is probably as well to refrain from describing species closely allied to parallelus.

The three following seem, however, to be so clearly distinct that they should be made known.

In No. 7 of Entomologica Americana, Mr. G. W. J. Angell gives some interesting notes on this insect. Having examined a large number from various localities “showing a nearly complete gradual gradation from the finely maculate form of Philadelphica, to the strongly marked scalaris type,” Mr. Angell is of opinion that Philadelphica Lin., multipuncta Say and its supposed varieties, are all varieties of scalaris Lec. I incline myself to the belief tirat scalaris and philadelphica are distinct species, and as my experience of these forms appears to be different to that of some other col lectors, I give it in the hope that it may lead to a careful study of their life habits. I find that Dr. Harris' history and figure of scalaris fit it exactly as it occurs in the neighborhood of Montreal. For years past I have found it on elm and linden, and on no other plant or tree. Philadelphica and Bigsbyana I find on willow and alder; never on elm and linden. Dr. Packard in his Guide states that scalaris is abundant on the alder.

The following descriptions of species which appear to be additions to our fauna were prepared more than a year ago, but were withheld in the hope that more material might be obtained last season. That hope was, however, not fulfilled; largely, perhaps, be it confessed, through lack of sufficient perseverance on the part of the writer in collecting:

1. Lygocerus pallipes, n. sp.

♀.—Length 1.5—2 mm. Black, finely punctulate and sparsely pubescent. Mandibles and palpi yellowish; antennae balck, except the scape at base and beneath; scape stout, first joint of flagellum about half as long as scape, second as long as pedicel, remaining joints subequal. Legs, including coxae, yellow. Wings subhyaline, stigma large, yellow. Abdomen stout, pointed at tip.

The New World flower fly genus Rhinoprosopa Hull, 1942 (Diptera: Syrphidae) is revised and two new species are described: R. hulli Mengual, new species (Costa Rica) and R. zophina Mengual, new species (Costa Rica). Diagnoses, illustrations, synonymies, and distributional data are given for all known species. An identification key to all seven species is also provided.

Phlepsius Slossoni, n. sp.—Form and general appearnce of lippulus nearly, slightly larger and darker, with a much longer, flatter vertex. Length, 6 mm.; width, 2 mm.

Vertex slightly acutely angled, the apex truncate, nearly twice longer on middle than against eyes, the disc concave, anterior margin sharp and broadly foliaceous, the line between this foliaceous margin and the front proper being sharply marked. Front slightly convex, evenly narrowing to the apically expanded clypeus. Elytra moderatley long, appressed behind the middle, the apices slightly flaring. Venation obscure.

The spring of 1945 was in general very unfavorable for the majority of Lepidoptera in the Ottawa area, due apparently to the killing frosts and wet weather of the latter half of April and throughout May, following abnormally high temperatures late in March and early April. However Coleophoridae were the exception to this condition and the cases of this group were much more abundant than usual. The continued cold, dry, winter weather, without any of the customary alternating thawing and freezing spells was seemingly very suitable to the hibernating larvae; the early warmth stirred them out of their winter lethargy fully a month sooner than usual and their cases proved a protection against the subsequent cold.

We collected midcrown branches of balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (Pinaceae), at six different sites located in five different plant-hardiness zones, along a north–south transect in New Brunswick, Canada, to evaluate the effect of plant-hardiness zone, crown class (overstory versus understory), and shoot length during the previous 10 years on the annual incidence of gouting by the balsam woolly adelgid, Adelges piceae (Ratzeburg) (Homoptera: Adelgidae). Site, crown class, and their interaction, along with the square of shoot length, explained 78% of the variation in gouting. Variations in gouting attributed to plant-hardiness zone were probably primarily due to variation in mean January temperature: at each site, the mean January temperature was positively and closely related to the mean level of gouting. The level of gouting was consistently higher on trees in the understory than on those in the overstory. Shoot length was parabolically related to the proportion of shoots with gout. The parabolic relationship between shoot size and the level of gouting is similar to that previously reported for galling adelgids, and suggests that gouting by A. piceae may be greatest on trees with an intermediate growth rate.