We show that the growth function of a finitely generated linear semigroup S ⊆ Mn(K) is controlled by its behaviour on finitely many cancellative subsemigroups of S. If the growth of S is polynomially bounded, then every cancellative subsemigroup T of S has a group of fractions G ⊆ Mn (K) which is nilpotent-by-finite and of finite rank. We prove that the latter condition, strengthened by the hypothesis that every such G has a finite unipotent radical, is sufficient for S to have a polynomial growth. Moreover, the degree of growth of S is then bounded by a polynomial f(n, r) in n and the maximal degree r of growth of finitely generated cancellative T ⊆ S.

We first introduce the weighted averaged projection sequence in $\text{CAT}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D705})$ spaces and then we establish some inequalities for the weighted averaged projection sequence. Using the inequalities, we prove the asymptotic regularity and the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}$-convergence of the weighted averaged projection sequence. Furthermore, we prove the strong convergence of the sequence under certain regularity or compactness conditions on $\text{CAT}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D705})$ spaces.

This paper contains proofs of the compactness, completeness and Löwenheim-Skolem theorems for predicate logic, together with their application to nonstandard numbers; proofs of undecidability in predicate logic and number theory, and the Gödel incompleteness theorem.

Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 5 (1965), 169–195

Theorem 9 (p. 183) should read: The indices of any closed curve inD have the form

n+ = hp/s, n− = hq/s

for some integer h, where s (1 ≦ s ≦ n) is the largest number of identical blocks into which the signature σ can be partitioned. Moreover, for any integer h there exists a closed curve in d with these indices.

In this paper we classify the finite solvable groups in which distinct nonlinear monomial characters have distinct degrees.

A semigroup is a nonvoid Hausdorff space together with a continuous associative operation. A semiring is a nonvoid Hausdorff space together with a couple of continuous associative operations, one of which (usually denoted as multiplication) distributes over the other (usually denoted as addition). If R is a semiring then an R-semimodule is a semigroup M under addition together with a continuous operation R × M → M which satisfies the associativity and distributivity conditions usually stipulated in the instance of an R-module. It is purpose of this paper to establish for semimodules certain propositions proved by Kaplansky [4], Pearson [8], Selden [9], Beidleman-Cox [1] and others.

Almost periodic solutions of a first order almost periodic differential equation in Rp are shown to have less than p basic frequencies additional to the basic frequencies of the almost periodic right hand of the equation.

For any class of rings it is shown that the class (M) of all rings each nonzero homomorphic image of which contains either a nonzero -ideal or an essential ideal is a radical class. If is a class of simple rings the upper radical generated by , (M), is shown to be equal to (M) where ' is the class of simple rings complementary to .

This note shows that the set of bare points of a compact convex subset of a normed linear space is, in general, a proper subset of its set of exposed points.

V. Krishnamurthy has shown that on a finite set X all topologies can be mapped into a certain set of matrices of zeros and ones. In this paper it is shown that all lattices, algebras and rings on a finite set X can be mapped onto particular sets of matrices of zeros and ones.

A shift automorphism algebra is one satisfying the conditions of the shift automorphism theorem, and a shift automorphism variety is a variety generated by a shift automorphism algebra. In this paper, we show that every shift automorphism variety contains a countably infinite subdirectly irreducible algebra.

Let K be an arbitrary field of characteristic 2, F a free group of countably infinite rank. We construct a finitely generated fully invariant subgroup U in F such that the relatively free group F/U satisfies the maximal condition on fully invariant subgroups but the group algebra K (F/U) does not satisfy the maximal condition on fully invariant ideals. This solves a problem posed by Plotkin and Vovsi. Using the developed techniques we also construct the first example of a non-finitely based (nilpotent of class 2)-by-(nilpotent of class 2) variety whose Abelian-by-(nilpotent of class at most 2) groups form a hereditarily finitely based subvariety.

Let λ be a simple eigenvalue of a bounded linear operator T on a Banach space X, and let (Tn) be a resolvent operator approximation of T. For large n, let Sn denote the reduced resolvent associated with Tn and λn, the simple eigenvalue of Tn near λ. It is shown that under the assumption that all the spectral points of T which are nearest to λ belong to the discrete spectrum of T. This is used to find error estimates for the Rayleigh-Schrödinger series for λ and ϕ with initial terms λn and ϕn, where P (respectively, ϕn) is an eigenvector of T (respectively, Tn) corresponding to λ (respectively, λn), and for the Kato-Rellich perturbation series for PPn, where P (respectively, Pn) is the spectral projection for T (respectively, Tn) associated with λ (respectively, λn).

A balanced incomplete block design or BIBD is defined as an arrangement of v objects in b blocks containing k objects all different, so that there are r blocks containing a given object and λ blocks containing any two given objects.

We obtain various refinements and generalizations of a classical inequality of S. N. Bernstein on trigonometric polynomials. Some of the results take into account the size of one or more of the coefficients of the trigonometric polynomial in question. The results are obtained using interpolation formulas.

Holton (1973) introduced the following concept. A graph G is semi-stable if there exists a point v in G for which Γ(Gv) = Γ(G)v: where Γ(G) is the automorphism group of G, Gv is the graph G with v deleted and Γ(G)v is the subgroup of Γ(G) that fixes v. We say G is semi-stable at v. A partial stabilising sequence in Gs1, v2,…vk of its points such that Γ(G)v1v2…vi ═ Γ(Gv1v2…v1) for i = 1,2,…,k. If there exists a partial stabilising sequence in G for which k equals the number of points of G then G is said to be stable (Holton (1973a)). Most natation and terminology in what follows is explained in Harary (1969).

Lagrange's theorem on the reversion of power series may be stated in the following form (e.g. Whittker and Watson [3]).

For a compact group G, we compute the Kazhdan constants κ(G, G) obtained by taking G itself as a generating subset. We get κ(G, G) = if G is finite of order n, and κ(G, G) = if G is infinite.

We study commutators in pseudo-orthogonal groups O2nR (including unitary, symplectic, and ordinary orthogonal groups) and in the conformal pseudo-orthogonal groups GO2nR. We estimate the number of commutators, c(O2nR) and c(GO2nR), needed to represent every element in the commutator subgroup. We show that c(O2nR) ≤ 4 if R satisfies the ∧-stable condition and either n ≥ 3 or n = 2 and 1 is the sum of two units in R, and that c(GO2nR) ≤ 3 when the involution is trivial and ∧ = R∈. We also show that c(O2nR) ≤ 3 and c(GO2nR) ≤ 2 for the ordinary orthogonal group O2nR over a commutative ring R of absolute stable rank 1 where either n ≥ 3 or n = 2 and 1 is the sum of two units in R.

An elementary proof is given of a theorem of Castro and Lazer that the degree of the gradient of a coercive functional on a large ball of Rn is one.