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Most cited

This page lists all time most cited articles for this title. Please use the publication date filters on the left if you would like to restrict this list to recently published content, for example to articles published in the last three years. The number of times each article was cited is displayed to the right of its title and can be clicked to access a list of all titles this article has been cited by.

Contents

Page 289 of 430

  • Cited by 5

  • The Enterococcus

  • Robert M. Gullberg
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2015, pp. 600-606

  • In 1899, Thiercilin used the term “enterococcus” to describe microscopic organisms seen in pairs or short chains in feces. Later (in the 1930s) the name was used in a more restrictive sense for streptococci that had the hardy capacity to survive under extreme conditions.

    Enterococci belong to a group D family of streptococci, as characterized by Lancefield in 1938. In contrast to other groups of streptococci, the group D antigen is not a wall carbohydrate but a glycerol teichoic acid containing glucose and D-alanine. This antigen appears to be related directly to the cytoplasm or plasma membrane.

  • Cited by 5
  • Cited by 5
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  • Cited by 5

  • In With the Good Air

  • Andrew J. Streifel
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2015, pp. 488-490
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  • Cited by 5

  • Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus epidermidis: Curio or Omen?

  • Larry J. Strausbaugh
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2015, pp. 163-165
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  • Cited by 5

  • Nosocomial Outbreak of Scabies Clinically Resistant to Lindane

  • Vicente Boix, José Sánchez-Payá, Joaquín Portilla, Esperanza Merino
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2015, p. 677
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  • Cited by 5
  • Cited by 5

  • Universal masking to control healthcare-associated transmission of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

  • Part of:
  • Eliza R. Thompson, Faith S. Williams, Pat A. Giacin, Shay Drummond, Eric Brown, Meredith Nalick, Qian Wang, Jay R. McDonald, Abigail L. Carlson
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 March 2021, pp. 344-350
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  • Objectives:

    To assess extent of a healthcare-associated outbreak of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to evaluate the effectiveness of infection control measures, including universal masking.

    Design:

    Outbreak investigation including 4 large-scale point-prevalence surveys.

    Setting:

    Integrated VA healthcare system with 2 facilities and 330 beds.

    Participants:

    Index patient and 250 exposed patients and staff.

    Methods:

    We identified exposed patients and staff and classified them as probable and confirmed cases based on symptoms and testing. We performed a field investigation and an assessment of patient and staff interactions to develop probable transmission routes. Infection prevention interventions included droplet and contact precautions, employee quarantine, and universal masking with medical and cloth face masks. We conducted 4 point-prevalence surveys of patient and staff subsets using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2.

    Results:

    Among 250 potentially exposed patients and staff, 14 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were identified. Patient roommates and staff with prolonged patient contact were most likely to be infected. The last potential date of transmission from staff to patient was day 22, the day universal masking was implemented. Subsequent point-prevalence surveys in 126 patients and 234 staff identified 0 patient cases and 5 staff cases of COVID-19, without evidence of healthcare-associated transmission.

    Conclusions:

    Universal masking with medical face masks was effective in preventing further spread of SARS-CoV-2 in our facility in conjunction with other traditional infection prevention measures.

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  • Colon surgical-site infections and the impact of “present at the time of surgery (PATOS)” in a large network of community hospitals

  • Jessica L. Seidelman, Maojun Ge, Arthur W. Baker, Sarah Lewis, Sonali D. Advani, Becky Smith, Deverick J. Anderson
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 September 2022, pp. 1255-1260
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  • Objectives:

    To describe the epidemiology of complex colon surgical procedures (COLO), stratified by present at time of surgery (PATOS) surgical-site infections (SSIs) and non-PATOS SSIs and their impact on the epidemiology of colon-surgery SSIs.

    Design:

    Retrospective cohort study.

    Methods:

    SSI data were prospectively collected from patients undergoing colon surgical procedures (COLOs) as defined by the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) at 34 community hospitals in the southeastern United States from January 2015 to June 2019. Logistic regression models identified specific characteristics of complex COLO SSIs, complex non-PATOS COLO SSIs, and complex PATOS COLO SSIs.

    Results:

    Over the 4.5-year study period, we identified 720 complex COLO SSIs following 28,188 COLO surgeries (prevalence rate, 2.55 per 100 procedures). Overall, 544 complex COLO SSIs (76%) were complex non-PATOS COLO SSIs (prevalence rate [PR], 1.93 per 100 procedures) and 176 (24%) complex PATOS COLO SSIs (PR, 0.62 per 100 procedures). Age >75 years and operation duration in the >75th percentile were independently associated with non-PATOS SSIs but not PATOS SSIs. Conversely, emergency surgery and hospital volume for COLO procedures were independently associated with PATOS SSIs but not non-PATOS SSIs. The proportion of polymicrobial SSIs was significantly higher for non-PATOS SSIs compared with PATOS SSIs.

    Conclusions:

    Complex PATOS COLO SSIs have distinct features from complex non-PATOS COLO SSIs. Removal of PATOS COLO SSIs from public reporting allows more accurate comparisons among hospitals that perform different case mixes of colon surgeries.

  • Cited by 5

  • Patterns of Nosocomial Infections, Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms, and Mold Detection after Extensive Black-Water Flooding: A Survey from Central Thailand

  • Anucha Apisarnthanarak, Thana Khawcharoenporn, Linda M. Mundy
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2015, pp. 861-863

  • Central Thailand was severely affected by black-water flooding between September and November 2011, with resultant closure of 30 regional hospitals. Few data are available for the incidence of nosocomial infections and patterns of preflood versus postflood multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and mold. We therefore conducted a survey of the hospitals in central Thailand in order to evaluate the patterns of nosocomial infections, MDROs, mold, and flood preparedness plans after these floods.

    On the basis of a hospital list from the Ministry of Public Health, we identified 104 hospitals in 15 provinces of central Thailand that were affected, but not necessarily closed, by extensive floods. We designed and then conducted a survey, from July 1 through October 31, 2012, that inquired about hospital characteristics, postflood hospital preparedness plans, administrative support, institutional safely culture, incidence of nosocomial infections, and prevalence of MDROs and mold colonization or infection. All 104 secondary care (>100 beds) and tertiary care (>250 beds) hospitals in 15 central Thailand provinces were invited to participate.

  • Cited by 5

  • Trends in central-line-associated bloodstream infections and catheter-associated urinary tract infections in a large acute-care hospital system in New York City, 2016-2019

  • Monica A. Kaminski, Briana Episcopia, Saquib Malik, Mary Fornek, David Landman, Geralda Xavier, John Quale
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 November 2020, pp. 842-846
  • Background:

    Central-line bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) negatively impact clinical outcomes and hospital reimbursement. In this report, 4 year trends involving 11 hospitals in New York City were examined.

    Methods:

    Data from the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) were extracted for 11 acute-care hospitals belonging to the NYC Health + Hospital system from 2016 through 2019. Trends in device infections per 1,000 patient days, device utilization ratios, and standardized infection ratios (SIRs) were examined for the 11 hospitals and for the entire system.

    Results:

    Over the 4-year period, there were progressive declines in central-line days, infections per 1,000 central-line days, and device utilization ratios for the system. The average annual SIRs for the system also declined: 1.40 in 2016, 1.09 in 2017, 1.04 in 2018, and 0.82 in 2019. Case-mix indices correlated with SIRs for CLABSIs. Level 1 trauma centers had higher SIRs and a disproportionately greater number of CLABSIs in patients located in NHSN-defined surgical intensive care units. Similar trends with CAUTIs were noted, with progressive declines in catheter days, infections per 1,000 patient days, device utilization ratios, and SIRs (1.42 in 2016, 0.93 in 2017, 1.18 in 2018, and 0.78 in 2019) over the 4-year period.

    Conclusions:

    Across an 11-hospital system, continuing efforts to reduce device utilization and infection rates resulted in declining SIRs for CLABSIs and CAUTIs. Hospitals with higher case-mix indices, and particularly level 1 trauma centers, had significantly higher central-line infection rates and SIRs.

  • Cited by 5

  • A Statewide Characterization of Hospital Infection Control Practices and Practitioners

  • Anita L. Booth, R. Mark Weeks, Robert H. Hutcheson, Jr., William Schaffner
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2015, pp. 227-232

  • Selected features of infection control programs among the 163 general hospitals in Tennessee were surveyed in 1976 and 1979. Each hospital but one had a designated infection control practitioner. Three-fourths of the hospitals had fewer than 200 beds and most were in rural areas. The practitioners in these small hospitals worked in an isolated professional milieu: few (4%) had attended a basic training course or were members of a national (11%) or local (16%) infection control association. They also had significantly less access to standard infection control resource publications than did practitioners in large hospitals. Use of aqueous quaternary ammonium compounds for disinfection was reported by 37% of all hospitals in 1979; 68% of hospitals routinely performed bacteriologic cultures of personnel or the environment. In contrast, only 3% of hospitals did not have a policy specifying the use of sterile closed-system drainage of indwelling bladder catheters. Although these practices varied somewhat by hospital size, the differences were not statistically significant. Modest improvement in each parameter was noted since 1976. Pathology was the most common medical specialty (34%) among chairman of infection control committees; internal medicine and pediatrics accounted for only 13%. The practice of routine microbiologic monitoring was significantly more common among hospitals with chairmen who were pathologists. The implications of these findings for national priorities in hospital infection control are discussed.

  • Cited by 5

  • Outpatient antimicrobial stewardship programs in pediatric institutions in 2020: Status, needs, barriers

  • Rana E. El Feghaly, Elizabeth A. Monsees, Alaina Burns, Ann Wirtz, Brian R. Lee, Adam L. Hersh, Jason G. Newland
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 October 2021, pp. 1396-1402
  • Objective:

    To assess current resources, interventions, and obstacles of pediatric outpatient antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP).

    Design:

    Cross-sectional study.

    Setting:

    Institutions from the Sharing Antimicrobial Reports for Pediatric Stewardship OutPatient collaborative (SHARPS-OP).

    Participants:

    Antimicrobial stewardship leaders from the above institutions.

    Methods:

    An investigator-developed survey was deployed online in September 2020 to antimicrobial stewardship leaders in SHARPS-OP institutions. The survey was divided into 4 sections: (1) basic information, (2) status of pediatric outpatient ASP in the institutions including financial support, (3) outpatient ASP interventions undertaken by the institutions, and (4) needs and SHARPS-OP collaborative goals.

    Results:

    Of 56 invited institutions, 45 participated, achieving an 80% response rate. Only 5 sites (11%) had allocated financial support for an outpatient ASP, compared to 42 (95.6%) for their inpatient ASP. The most widely used outpatient ASP interventions included antimicrobial guidance (57.8%), education (46.7%), and quality improvement projects (37.8%). Time was identified as the biggest barrier to expanding outpatient ASPs (91.1%), followed by financial support (53.3%), development of meaningful reports (51.1%), and administrative support (44.4%). Important goals of the collaborative included seeking learning opportunities and developing clear metrics for pediatric outpatient ASP benchmarking. Program needs included securing operational support (35.8%) and strengthening data analysis (31.6%).

    Conclusions:

    Very few pediatric institutions with robust inpatient ASPs have devoted time and financial support to advance outpatient efforts. To promote appropriate antibiotic prescribing in the outpatient arena, time and resource funding by administrative leaders are necessary to develop a robust, sustainable stewardship infrastructure.

Page 289 of 430