Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) have a high risk of transition to Alzheimer’s disease. Analysis of potential biomarkers of conversion to dementia in this clinical group is crucial for prognosis and early intervention.

The aim of the pilot study was to compare whole-brain functioning characteristics (fMRI, spontaneous activity and local coherence) in aMCI converters and non-converters to dementia.

Nine aMCI converters to dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (mean age 69.2 ± 8.2; 9 females) and ten aMCI non-converters (mean age 65.9 ± 6.1; 8 females) underwent resting-state fMRI (3T). All patients were followed up for three years. Baseline whole-brain amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and local coherence (LCOR) were compared between groups (CONN-fMRI toolbox 19.с, https://web.conn-toolbox.org/; p < .001 voxelwise, p(FDR) < .05 clusterwise). Age was included in the analyses as a second-level covariate.

As compared to non-converters, aMCI converters were characterized by higher ALFF and LCOR values in the cluster located in the frontal medial cortex and frontal pole bilaterally.

Frontal medial cortex and frontal pole are involved in a wide range of cognitive functions, including episodic memory and “hot” (motivational) executive control (Rolls. ProgNeurobiol 2022; 217; Friedman, Robbins. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47(1) 72-89). Both increased and decreased LCOR/ALFF values in aMCI converters compared to non-converters were found, although in the other regions (Mondragón et al. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2021; 11(3) 235–249; Khatri, Kwon. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022; 14). It seems reasonable to clarify if the brain functional features revealed in our study are the markers of conversion to dementia in aMCI.

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Shared decision making (SDM) is a health communication approach focusing on patient-clinician interactions around treatment decisions, with the goals of improving clinical and functional outcomes and providing personalized care. Moreover, decision making may need to be negotiated between, and communicated to, multiple health and social care practitioners, as well as patients and their social networks (SNs). The skills for sharing and discussing personal information with patients, and their SNs, can be hard to embed in mental health services. Compared to physical health, SDM in mental health is characterized by inconsistent definitions, models, and measurement, and evidence for the effectiveness of SDM interventions is inconclusive. Therefore, there is a need to define what is considered an effective SDM approach in mental healthcare, and to determine the core elements and steps required for its successful implementation in mental health populations.

To better understand the concept and role of patients’ social networks in treatment decision-making in mental health.

A two-phase process (compliant with the International Patient Decision Aid Standards) will be used to develop the first polyadic SDM measure of patient experience to support a wide range of models of mental health care. The new measure of patient experience will focus for the first time on the patient’s perception of individual qualities/behaviour of a patient, clinician, caregiver, and their interaction. Phase I of this thesis involved reviewing the existing SDM interventions and SN interventions in mental health, as well as reviewing the existing instruments used to measure SDM in mental health research and practice. Phase II will involve developing and revising the new measure of SDM using stakeholder feedback in an iterative process. Stakeholders will include patients, their caregivers, and clinicians recruited from community mental health services in England.

To define SDM and the most relevant aspects of it, data from the literature review and exploratory focus groups will be evaluated together. A pool of draft questions will be generated, covering all aspects of the identified themes. These questions will be further refined following discussions with people with lived experience of mental illness (i.e., peers) and academics who have the relevant expertise in SDM and psychometric measure development. This will establish content validity and ensure wording clarity, to be accessible for all English language requirements.

The new SDM measure will ensure effective evaluation of SDM experiences of people with mental illness. It will be an important step forward in advancing the study and application of SDM in mental health care. It will lay the foundation for further research into the needs of patients and their SNs regarding SDM in mental healthcare.

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Primary insomnia is frequently present in the general population, with epidemiologic research reporting prevalence values from 10% to as high as 60%. Chronic insomnia is associated with a significant impact on professional, academic, and daily life functionality, and it also may be responsible for decreasing the quality of life. Multiple generations of drugs for insomnia have been launched in clinical use in the last decades, but each class of pharmacological agents has its shortcomings (i.e., low efficacy, risk of addiction, diurnal sedation, risk of falls and fractures, etc.). Initially, research on orexin receptor antagonists has been considered with enthusiasm, due to these agents’ low risk of adverse events and good safety profile in the medium and long term.

To assess the evidence supporting the efficiency and safety of orexin receptor antagonists in the treatment of insomnia.

A literature review was performed through the main electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Clarivate/Web Of Science, and EMBASE) using the search paradigm “primary insomnia” AND “orexin receptor modulators”. All papers published between January 2000 and September 2022 were included.

Suvorexant is a dual antagonist of orexin 1 and 2 receptors (DORA), FDA-approved for the treatment of insomnia, both for difficulties in falling and staying asleep. Daridorexant is another DORA, approved by FDA and EMA for the same indications as suvorexant, but EMA considers „additional monitoring” necessary for this drug. Lemborexant is a DORA approved for use in US and Japan, while vornorexant, which is included in the same class, is under development for the treatment of insomnia and sleep apnea (in phase 2 and 1 clinical trials, respectively). Almorexant is a DORA that was discontinued from clinical research due to hepatic safety concerns. Seltorexant is an orexin 2 receptor antagonist (SORA2) explored in phase II trials for the treatment of insomnia. Somnolence and fatigue are the most frequently reported adverse events of DORAs, but sleepwalking and sleep driving, sleep paralysis, or hypnopompic and hypnagogic hallucinations have been described in clinical studies. Seltorexant was associated with somnolence, headache, and nausea.

Dual antagonism of orexin 1 and 2 receptors is a mechanism that produced three currently available drugs for insomnia, and other clinical applications of these agents are still under investigation. At least one other agent from this class is under investigation, therefore the potential clinical utility of DORAs is far from being exhausted. Also, the selective orexin 2 receptor antagonism could be a promising mechanism of action for the treatment of insomnia.

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Ganser syndrome is described as a dissociative disorder not otherwise specified in the DSM-IV, and is not currently listed in the DSM-V.

It is a rare condition, with transient Vorbeireden as the central symptom. This means the patient responds to questions with an incorrect answer, but by the nature of the answer reveals an understanding of the question posed.

This disorder was first described by the German psychiatrist Sigbert Ganser in 1898.

Analyze case reports published in the available literature and intelligibly characterize their clinical presentation and dissect the etiopathogenesis of the disease.

Data was obtained through an internet-based literature search, using the databases PubMed, Cochrane Library and NCBI. The World Health Organization was also utilized. Seven articles from the last four years were included.

The core clinical features of this syndrome are approximate answers, clouding of consciousness, somatic conversion symptoms and hallucinations. However, they are all not needed for diagnosis.

The basic underlying etiology of Ganser syndrome is still unknown. Debates over the factitious versus psychiatric versus organic origin of the symptomatology are common in the literature.

No reliable epidemiological data can be established.

The condition is a rare, probably dissociative, with transient Vorbeireden as the central symptom.

Although the research interest in dissociative disorders, the etiopathogenetic models remain hypothetical. Detailed imaging, neuropsychological and neurological data are required.

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Freelancing can be analyzed through psychological prism of escapism, through the desire not to be involved in the systems of inflexible social ties that are accepted in group (career, family, classical education, etc.)

Freelancers have a non-standard self-attitude and self-description, which indicates their “isolation” from the real social world by these people.

Quantitive (Spyrman’s criteria and corellations) and qualitive analisys ( semi-structured interviews). N = 300, residents of ussia and Austria.

The hypothesis was rejected that freelancers do not have career and personal orientations, in contrast to individuals who are not prone to this type of career choice. The absence of a connection between goal setting and downshifting was revealed based on the analysis of the author’s questionnaire for goal setting.

The hypothesis was empirically confirmed that freelancers have more pronounced indicators such as global self-attitude, self-esteem, self-sympathy, expected attitude from others, self-confidence, self-acceptance in the affective component of the self-concept, in contrast to people choosing the traditional career path.

Freelancers have a less pronounced indicator of self-accusation, in contrast to people committed to careerism.

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Nurses are at an increased risk for work-related stress resulting in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They are susceptible due to frequent exposure to traumatic situations providing care for patients.

The purpose of this systematic review is to comprehensively review the content and characteristics of intervention programs for reducing the post-traumatic stress of nurses or nursing students, providing a basis for developing a standardized protocol for programs to promote the integrated health of nurses and protect them from stress events in clinical environments.

This is a systematic review. Participants (P) targeted nurses or nursing students; Intervention (I) included intervention programs for reducing post-traumatic stress; Comparison (C) was control groups provided with usual or no interventions ; and Outcomes (O) referred to changes in physical or emotional reactions toward post-traumatic stress. Two researchers searched four databases including PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and EMBASE with keywords such as “nurse,” “post-trumatic stress disorder,” “program,” and “intervention”. A total of 7,523 studies were searched and 10 studies were included for final analysis (Image 1). The Risk of Bias2 (Image 2) and the Risk of Bias for Non-randomized Study I (Image 3) were used to evaluate the quality the included studies.

The number of studies is increasing, with four studies published before 2020, and six studies published since, of which three in 2022. Definitions of trauma situations to which nurses are exposed included diverse elements such as patient death, workplace violence, the COVID-19 pandemic, and complex trauma experiences due to working environments. Most studies have provided multiple intervention sessions, which is appropriate considering the characteristics of PTSD. Most studies examined the secondary effects on mental health such as anxiety, depression, and burnout caused by stress rather than evaluating stress itself. The quality of the study was generally highly biased. The risk of bias increased for the two randomized controlled trials in terms of measurement outcomes and outcome description. The other eight non-randomized studies all included a self-reporting questionnaire of participants, leading to a risk of bias in terms of measurement outcomes.

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Studies have been conducted to confirm the effectiveness of interventions given heightened concerns about PTSD in nurses. However, the concept of the trauma experienced by nurses was not integrally defined, and information on interventions was often limited. Efforts are required to improve the quality of research in terms of experimental study design.

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Teaching is considered by the International Labor Organization as one of the most stressful professions, with consequences on the mental and physical health and on their professional performance. Intervention programs focused on physical activity usually present a significant decrease in the level of stress and an improvement in the quality of life of teachers. Physical activity is considered one of the main non-pharmacological strategies to reduce stress, generating a positive influence on mental health.

To evaluate the impact of an intervention program based on the practice of physical activity on the level of stress and motivation for the regular practice of physical activity in teachers.

This study employed a pretest-posttest design. Measures: Portuguese versions of Stress Perception Scale and Motivation Inventory for Regular Physical Activity Practice. Sample: 33 teachers from Portugal and Brazil, 57,6% females, 54,5% from Portugal, 63,6% with age between 26 and 35 years. The intervention ran for 8 weeks, with a total of 40 sessions with cardiorespiratory conditioning exercises, muscle strengthening and stretching, relaxation and meditation techniques.

On baseline we found significant relationship between “years of teaching experience” and the level of stress (p=.027). After the intervention, the level of stress significantly decreased in Portuguese teachers (p=.031). In 83% of the sample, there is a decrease in the levels of perceived stress. Concerning Brazilian teachers (p=.006), in 73% of the sample, there is a decrease in the levels of perceived stress. Regarding motivation, there is a significant increase in Portuguese teachers related to “stress control” (p<.001), “sociability” (p=.001), “competitiveness” (p<.001), and “esthetic” (p=.004). In Brazilian teachers there is an increase related to “stress control” (p=.003), and “competitiveness” (p=.001).

Both samples showed positive results, attesting the efficacy of the intervention based in physical exercises to reduce stress and increase motivation to practice physical activity regularly. After intervention, more motivational dimensions are changed in Portuguese teachers, comparing with Brazilian teachers.

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One fairly common side effect of psychopharmaceuticals is sexual dysfunction. They can influence various aspects of sexual function, including lubrication, desire, ejaculation, and orgasmic intensity… This may worsen mental health conditions and make it challenging for patients to adhere to the Treatment. We’ll examine how these drugs affect the area of sexual activity.

To emphasise how different antipsychotics and antidepressants may affect sexual function.

We conducted a narrative review about the available literature on the subject. Articles were selected based on their clinical relevance.

All SSRI antidepressants carry a considerable risk of sexual dysfunction. According to some research, escitalopram and paroxetine may pose the greatest risk among this group. Similar risks of sexual issues exist with SNRIs. Bupropion, on the other hand, has a lot of evidence demonstrating low or no risk. Agomelatine, mirtazapine, and moclobemide also have a minor impact on sexual performance.

Hyperprolactinemia has been specifically linked to sexual impairment in antipsychotic medication, hence antipsychotics that cause hyperprolactinemia such as haloperidol, risperidone, paliperidone, and amisulpride are more likely to induce sexual disturbances. Aripiprazole, quetiapine, and ziprasidone have been demonstrated to be less or not connected to sexual dysfunction.

Although sexual dysfunction is not an unusual side effect of psychiatric medications, it is frequently underdiagnosed. Sexuality needs to be explored by therapists because it may affect patient’s treatment compliance and well-being. It’s critical to understand how each psychotropic drugs can impair sexual function in order to select the best option based on the individual traits of each person.

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A wide variety of traits is heritable and has genetic loading, including schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and its associated neurocognitive features. The genetic architecture of SSDs is polygenic, with the contribution of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms of small effect with an estimated SNP-heritability of 24%. The same occurs with neurocognitive phenotypes such as intelligence or educational attainment. Therefore, the method of polygenic risk scores (PRS) is useful in estimating the genetic burden of such traits. Moreover, the use of PRS in a sample of genetically related individuals would allow analyzing the contribution of genetic and environmental factors involved in the development of the disorder and its candidate endophenotypes.

To estimate PRS for schizophrenia, and polygenic scores for intelligence and educational attainment in patients with First Episode Psychosis (FEP), their first-degree relatives (siblings and parents), and a group of healthy controls.

The sample is comprised of 579 participants of the PAFIP-FAMILIAS project in Santander, Spain (133 FEP patients, their 244 first-degree relatives, and 202 healthy controls). All provided sociodemographic information and completed the same neuropsychological battery. Participants’ DNA was extracted from venous blood samples, and genotyping was performed at the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CeGen) by the Global Screening Array v.3.0 panel (Illumina). Data quality control, imputation, calculation of PRS, and genetic association analysis are being performed using PLINK, SHAPEIT, IMPUTE2, SPSS and R.

Data analysis is currently in progress, at the quality analysis stage, in collaboration with the Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG) in Munich, Germany. We expect to find higher PRS for schizophrenia in FEP patients, while their first-degree relatives will potentially show intermediate risk scores between patients and healthy controls. A similar finding is expected regarding intelligence and educational attainment, as FEP patients may show more genetic burden for low intelligence and education.

The estimation of PRS has demonstrated to be valuable in studying complex traits such as schizophrenia. We believe that by applying this method in a family design can provide interesting insights on the development of SSDs and its potential endophenotypes, and potentially useful in their prevention.

None Declared

The entity of ‘pseudoneurotic schizophrenia’ was coined in 1949 by Hoch and Polatin to define emerging psychotic symptoms, namely formal thought disorder and emotional dysregulation, in patients previously presenting with neurotic functioning. Although currently considered to be outdated, the term paved way for the concept of ‘borderline disorders’, known for their difficult assessment.

To highlight the obstacles in diagnosing clinical presentations of overlapping psychotic and neurotic symptomatology.

We report a case of an adolescent admitted for presumed psychosis, later to display fast clinical improvement and significant neurotic personality traits.

A 17-year-old male with no previous psychiatric follow-up, except for brief psychotherapeutic intervention at the age of 11, following the death of his grandfather.

He presented with a sudden change in behavior and sleep since the week before, coincident with acknowledging the loss of his best friend in a car accident. Upon evaluation, he presented with unstable gait. He seemed fatigued but displayed inappropriate restricted affect. He reported perceiving bizarre, meaningful signs everywhere concerning his own death since the event. Additionally, he detailed feelings of lethargy and unexplained sadness, relying on the nihilistic delusional beliefs that he had been in deep sleep and he would die soon. At admission, he was prescribed with aripriprazol 5mg id.

Throughout his stay in the hospital, he maintained consistently adequate, calm behavior. During inpatient clinical interviews, he showed clear insight into the aforementioned behavior. He provided clear, logical information referring to his past grief process and remaining trauma, reporting coping mechanisms based on spiritual beliefs

Prescription medication was interrupted soon after admission, with no noticeable changes. At dismissal, despite remaining sad concerning the death of his friend, there was no signs of psychotic symptoms or other significant mental distress.

In this report, we emphasize the hazards of differential diagnosis between psychosis and emotional dysregulation with underlying neurotic traits. There is conflicting evidence on the concept of ‘pseudoneurotic’ presentations, specifically ‘pseudoneurotic schizophrenia’. Available information on distinguishing between overlapping psychotic and neurotic features in adolescents is even more scarce. To perform extended, multidisciplinary evaluations might be key in accurately assessing these patients.

None Declared

By the end of October 2022, COVID-19 had infected more than 629 million people, with more than 6,5 million deaths worldwide.

During the pandemic, there have not been any specific antiviral drugs to effectively treat COVID-19, but non-specific drugs have been used and may improve the prognosis of high-risk patients with the disease. A vaccine is then considered the effective choice to stop this pandemic. The vaccine campaign against COVID-19 has been launched in Morocco since February 2021. This campaign has sparked great controversy over its effectiveness and safety in Morocco, as well as abroad, especially after the launch of the 3rd booster dose of the vaccine.

We sought to assess individual perceptions among the medical profession regarding vaccination against COVID-19 in Morocco and to determine preferences among this particular population in order to facilitate vaccination coverage.

It is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study on doctors of different medical specialties and general medicine students in Morocco. Data collection was done through an anonymous self-administered questionnaire completed online. The measuring instruments used were a questionnaire containing 29 questions. In addition to socio-demographic questions (age, sex, household composition and employment), the rest of the questionnaire aims to examine Moroccan doctors’ perceptions on COVID-19 vaccination, attitudes, beliefs and knowledge about the vaccine. Some survey items were adapted from other similar surveys, while others were created by the research team of the psychiatry laboratory of the CHU of Tangier. The data is grouped and then analyzed by statistical software (SPSS v26).

There were 162 respondents with an average age of 26.52% with 66.7% of participants being female. 96% of doctors were vaccinated, 87.3% of them with 2 doses. 74% were vaccinated by Sinopharm, 23.5% by Astra Zeneca, 9.4% by Pfizer and 0.7% by Janssen. 68% had post-vaccination side effects. For unvaccinated doctors, 43% say they are not convinced of its usefulness, 28.5% find that there is not enough experience on its effectiveness and 14.3% report that they have a disease that contraindicates the vaccine.

For vaccinated doctors, 80% declare that they were vaccinated out of conviction and 20% out of obligation. 60% of our sample are against the obligation of the vaccination pass in public places, on the other hand 67% find that vaccination can stop the spread of the virus and 60% are ready to receive an annual vaccination if necessary.

Physicians’ acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine is important, as they are often a trusted source of vaccine information. Their vaccination can then positively influence the population, hence the need to integrate them into future awareness and prevention programs.

None Declared

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently issued new warnings about the possible effects of the repeated or prolonged use of general anaesthesia and sedatives on the brain development of children under 4 years old during surgeries or paediatric procedures.

To evaluate the possible long-term neurotoxic impact the exposure to general anaesthesia has on the paediatric population from 0 to 4 years, which is the period during which the brain develops.

Initially, a search for observational studies that described the risk of neurotoxicity and alterations in the long-term cognitive development of children exposed to general anaesthesia before 4 years of age, was performed in PubMed between 2016 and 2020.

Finally, 5 retrospective cohort studies comparing children exposed and not exposed to general anaesthesia were included in this study. None of these showed significant differences in their main study variables. However, three of this studies found significant differences in some of the secondary variables such as speed of processing, motor skills, internalization of behaviour and learning, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

In vitro and in vivo studies of anesthetics have shown serious neurotoxic effects in the developing brain. However, the clinical relevance of these findings for children undergoing anesthesia remains unclear.

Most of these studies suggest a strong relationship between exposure to anesthesia in children aged 0 to 4 years, this being greater after multiple exposures. Despite these results, many of these articles conclude that further research is needed on this topic.

None Declared

As one of main aim of broad mental health (MH) reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH), quality of services and continuous improvement are priorities. In last decade network of community services-community mental health centers (CMHC) covered all the parts of the country and is connected with secondary and tertiary medical institutions as well as with broad network of centers for social welfare and growing number of user organizations.

As a novel practice that will be involved in standards of quality for all MH services is joint planning of hospital discharge people with mental illnesses, supported by legislative and connected with other positive results of mental health reform in BH

Review of implementation of results of MH reform in BH with focus on joint planning hospital discharge.

In BH in last decade has been established broad spectrum of services that improved quality of care through multidisciplinary collaboration between sectors. Important role has given to users’ organization. Quality standards are defined trough certification and accreditation. New services were developed or renewed and implemented (such as case management, occupational therapy). Entities’ policies and strategies involved new services and improved MH legislative following the course of more involvement of patients as well as their families, representatives or persons of their trust in decision making and planning of multidisciplinary treatments in the CMHCs. Joint Planning of discharge from the hospital fund as important step in further improvement of quality of care for people with MH disorders, especially for those with severe mental illnesses.

Last decade in BH gave important results in the better quality of MH care. Further plans will be focused on implementation of new MH user-oriented services.

None Declared

Grief is a normal psychological response in relatives after the loss of their loved ones, which has shown to be associated with psychological reactions like depression, anxiety, and significant stress that many relatives have to cope with. In Thailand, there are limited research studies on grief, especially in palliative settings.

To examine grief reaction, depression, anxiety, and coping of relatives after palliative patients’ death.

A multi-method design was applied. The authors completed the demographic data questionnaire, and the participants finished other measures which included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG), and the Brief-Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief-COPE). The qualitative data from the focus group interview was analyzed with thematic analysis.

From the quantitative study, the mean scores of HADS for anxiety and depression subscales were 5.05 and 6.34, respectively, which indicated no anxiety and depressive disorders. The mean score of ICG was 19.51 with highest score on acceptance coping subscale. In contrast, the lowest score was on dealing with the substance subscale. There were significant correlations between anxiety subscale from HADS and ICG (r=0.73), depression subscale from HADS and ICG(r=0.85), and anxiety and depression subscale from the HADS (r=0.79). From the qualitative study, the factors associated with grief reaction could be thoroughly explained according to the perceived character of deceased, perceived character of relatives, relationship characteristics, disease, medical care, and support systems.

The correlations among grief reaction, depression, and anxiety of relatives after palliative patients’ death were high. The grief reaction was associated with many factors, including communication from medical personnel. This finding emphasized the importance of assessing the reactions after loss and associated factors in the relatives after palliative patients’ death. Also, evaluating the ways that the relatives use to cope with their loss, expressing empathy, and supporting the relatives to cope with loss in an adaptive way were recommended.

None Declared

Europe is again confronted with a new dramatic emergency, a war which has already caused civil victims, mass displacement and even fear about a nuclear war and energy crisis. Again, Europe is facing new waves of war refugees, forcibly displaced people. There is increasing evidence that a large proportion of refugees or forcibly displaced persons suffer from the consequences of traumatic events and exhibit psychological problems or develop mental disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder, depressive and anxiety disorders, and relapses in psychotic episodes. European countries are trying to face with an extraordinary surge of solidarity and generosity, but at the same time with the awareness that the needs are much beyond reaction capacity of individual people and states. The direct and indirect consequences of this humanitarian catastrophe cannot be estimated at present. Mental healthcare services are suddenly faced with major challenges and need to develop or expand strategies to address them. In this presentation, strategies from Germany will be presented and discussed.

None Declared

Psychotic disorders were formerly associated with cannabis use. It could accelerate the course of the illness and thus, constitutes a severity factor in terms of prognosis.

To define the socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic profiles of patients suffering from schizoaffective disorder (ASD) and who are consuming cannabis.

A retrospective study of 16 patients diagnosed with ASD, who were hospitalized at the psychiatric department of Tahar Sfar Mahdia’s hospital, and whose toxicology test results during the hospitalization came back positive for tetrahydrocannabinol.

16 patients were gathered, all male, the average age was 26 years. The average age of first hospitalization was 25 years, 41.9% were unemployed. 76.3% of our sample were single. Three quarters of patients were hospitalized without consent. The average hospital stay was 30.33 days. Our patients had required during their stay an average dosage of antipsychotic, equivalent to chlorpromazine, of 752.42 +/- 342.79 mg. The average scores of psychometric scales were: BPRS = 55.72 +/- 14.11, SAPS = 41.5 +/- 14.80 and 42.11 +/- 18.88.

Currently, it is recognized that prolonged use of cannabis is an exogenous risk factor. The association between cannabis and schizoaffective disorder may amend the treatment modalities. It requires, thereby, an integrated and simultaneous treatment of schizophrenia and addictive behavior.

None Declared

Excessive daytime sleepiness is a frequent symptom in the general population. It may be fleeting, due to transient circumstances, or it may be related to certain pathologies. Indeed, following their infection with SARS-COV2, several healthcare workers (HCWs) have complained of excessive daytime sleepiness.

This study was conducted to assess excessive daytime sleepiness in the SARS-COV2-affected HCWs during the “OMICRON” wave.

Cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted among the HCWs of Charles Nicolle Hospital with COVID-19 during the period from 22 December 2021 to 31 January 2022. Sleepiness was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale administered during the return to work medical visit.

During the “OMICRON” wave, 58 HCWs joined our study. The average age was 39 +/- 10 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.2. The participants had no previous history of sleep disorders. Excessive daytime sleepiness was found in 21 participants (36% of cases). Excessive daytime sleepiness was mild in 81% of cases, moderate in 14%, and severe in 5%. The category most affected was senior technicians in 57% of cases. Most of the HCWs suffering from daytime sleepiness were working in the gynecology department (19%) and the neurology department (19%).

Early and systematic screening for sleep disorders after any SARS-COV2 infection is necessary to ensure the good health of the HCWs and to reduce accidents and errors in professional procedures.

None Declared

Many musicians have suffered the consequences of drug addiction. What about cannabis use?

To describe the epidemiological characteristics of cannabis users among musiciens

To study the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders among these consumers

A descriptive and retrospective study of the epidemiological characteristics and prevalence of depression and anxiety in a population of 37 musicians who consume cannabis. This sample was selected among 202 musicians having participated in an anonymous questionnaire

The prevalence of cannabis use among musicians in our study is about 18.31%. 76% of them are professionnals with sex ratio of 6.25. The mean age of these musicians is 27 years old. They started using cannabis at a mean age of 21 years old. The history of school failure was found in 1/3 of all cases, with a younger age at the onset of cannabis use (18 years old vs 22 years old in absence of school failure). 72.4% of cannabis users are single, 27.5% are in a relationship, 66.7% of the 37 musicians are Tabaco smokers, 55.6% are alchoolics, and 19,4% are using other drugs. 16.7% of these musicians are followed for depressive disorder, anxiety or bipolar disorder. The mean duration of cannabis use is 7 years, often in group of people. The first contact with cannabis occurs after the start of learning music in 44.4% of cases (a mean of 12 years after).The average consumption is about 4 times per week, mostly outside the musical activity in 3/4 of the cases. 53.6% believe that cannabis can cause a decline in their health. 10 musicians increased cannabis use and 8 of them believe that it can improve their performance and creativity. On the other hand, only 9 musicians wish to wean the use of cannabis. 19/29 musicians (65.5%) have an anxiety (A) and/or depression (D), that is proven to be moderate to severe respectivelly in 2/3 and half of cases, The mean of the A score and D score of the HAD scale is 10 and 9, respectivelly.

The reasons of cannabis addiction are various: fleeing reality, seeking the anxiolytic or sedatif effects and improving performance.

None Declared

People with eating disorders (EDs) exhibit a prevalence of childhood maltreatment higher than general population and, as for other psychiatric conditions, a history of childhood maltreatment in the context of EDs has been found associated with an earlier age at onset, a greater clinical severity, a more frequent comorbidity with other psychiatric conditions and a poorer treatment response . Neuroendocrine modifications as well as a heightened biological and emotional vulnerability to acute social stressor exposure and cortical measures alterations have been reported in people with EDs and history of childhood maltreatment. This evidence suggests the possibility to identify a “maltreated ecophenotype” also in people affected by EDs which recommends grouping individuals affected by the same psychiatric condition into subgroups characterized by different clinical and biological correlates in order to tailor treatements.

None Declared

ASD are heterogeneous pathological conditions characterized by difficulties in establishing social contacts and the manifestation of repetitive behavior. An atypical trajectory of brain maturation, impaired neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and an imbalance in the excitatory and inhibitory systems of the CNS form the morphofunctional basis of the ASD.

To understand the functioning of this complexly organized system in time and space, a three-dimensional model is needed. The closest in vitro model of the human brain from early embryonic stages to aging is brain organoids. Human brain organoids are self-organizing three-dimensional cell aggregates derived from pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)

Organelles generalize neurogenesis, gliogenesis, synaptogenesis, cell migration and cell differentiation, gyrification of the cerebral cortex, and reflect the connections of brain regions.

The use of telencephalon organelles in the RAS model revealed a deficit in neuronal migration, acceleration and disruption of cell cycle synchronization, aberrant cell proliferation, abundant synaptogenesis, temporary deviations in the development of the cortex, increased branching of neurons, unbalanced inhibitory differentiation of neurons, high activity of ion channels is a consequence of a violation of FOXG1 activity. Organelles generalize neurogenesis, gliogenesis, synaptogenesis, cell migration and cell differentiation, gyrification of the cerebral cortex, and reflect the connections of brain regions.The use of telencephalon organelles in the RAS model revealed a deficit in neuronal migration, acceleration and disruption of cell cycle synchronization, aberrant cell proliferation, abundant synaptogenesis, temporary deviations in the development of the cortex, increased branching of neurons, unbalanced inhibitory differentiation of neurons, high activity of ion channels is a consequence of a violation of FOXG1 activity .

hiPSCs can provide insight into the cellular mechanisms underlying ASD as a neuropsychiatric disorder, providing access to the development of platforms for in vitro drug screening and individualized patient therapy.

None Declared