Building on our previous work, we study the non-relative homology of quantum group convolution algebras. Our main result establishes the equivalence of amenability of a locally compact quantum group $\mathbb{G}$ and 1-injectivity of ${{L}^{\infty }}\left( \widehat{\mathbb{G}} \right)$ as an operator ${{L}^{1}}\left( \widehat{\mathbb{G}} \right)$-module. In particular, a locally compact group $G$ is amenable if and only if its group von Neumann algebra $\text{VN}\left( G \right)$ is 1-injective as an operator module over the Fourier algebra $A\left( G \right)$. As an application, we provide a decomposability result for completely bounded ${{L}^{1}}\left( \widehat{\mathbb{G}} \right)$-module maps on ${{L}^{\infty }}\left( \widehat{\mathbb{G}} \right)$, and give a simplified proof that amenable discrete quantum groups have co-amenable compact duals, which avoids the use of modular theory and the Powers-Størmer inequality, suggesting that our homological techniques may yield a new approach to the open problem of duality between amenability and co-amenability.

A Littlewood polynomial is a polynomial in $\mathbb{C}\left[ z \right]$ having all of its coefficients in $\{-1,1\}$. There are various old unsolved problems, mostly due to Littlewood and Erdős, that ask for Littlewood polynomials that provide a good approximation to a function that is constant on the complex unit circle, and in particular have small ${{L}^{q}}$ normon the complex unit circle. We consider the Fekete polynomials

$${{f}_{p}}(z)=\sum\limits_{j=1}^{p-1}{(j|p){{z}^{j}}},$$

where $p$ is an odd prime and $(.|p)$ is the Legendre symbol (so that ${{z}^{-1}}{{f}_{p}}(z)$ is a Littlewood polynomial). We give explicit and recursive formulas for the limit of the ratio of ${{L}^{q}}$ and ${{L}^{2}}$ norm of ${{f}_{p}}$ when $q$ is an even positive integer and $p\to \infty $. To our knowledge, these are the first results that give these limiting values for specific sequences of nontrivial Littlewood polynomials and infinitely many $q$. Similar results are given for polynomials obtained by cyclically permuting the coefficients of Fekete polynomials and for Littlewood polynomials whose coefficients are obtained from additive characters of finite fields. These results vastly generalise earlier results on the ${{L}^{4}}$ norm of these polynomials.

We study a canonical ${{\text{C}}^{*}}$-algebra, $\text{S}\left( \Gamma ,\mu \right)$, that arises from a weighted graph $\left( \Gamma ,\mu \right)$, specific cases of which were previously studied in the context of planar algebras. We discuss necessary and sufficient conditions of the weighting that ensure simplicity and uniqueness of trace of $\text{S}\left( \Gamma ,\mu \right)$, and study the structure of its positive cone. We then study the $*$-algebra, $\mathcal{A}$, generated by the generators of $\text{S}\left( \Gamma ,\mu \right)$, and use a free differential calculus and techniques of Charlesworth and Shlyakhtenko as well as Mai, Speicher, and Weber to show that certain “loop” elements have no atoms in their spectral measure. After modifying techniques of Shlyakhtenko and Skoufranis to show that self adjoint elements$x\,\in \,{{M}_{n}}\left( \mathcal{A} \right)$ have algebraic Cauchy transform, we explore some applications to eigenvalues of polynomials in Wishart matrices and to diagrammatic elements in von Neumann algebras initially considered by Guionnet, Jones, and Shlyakhtenko.

In this article, we study complete surfaces $\sum $, isometrically immersed in the product spaces ${{\mathbb{H}}^{2}}\,\times \,\mathbb{R}$ or ${{\mathbb{S}}^{2\,}}\times \,\mathbb{R}$ having positive extrinsic curvature ${{K}_{e}}$. Let ${{K}_{i}}$ denote the intrinsic curvature of $\sum $. Assume that the equation $a{{K}_{i\,}}\,+\,b{{K}_{e\,}}\,=\,c$ holds for some real constants $a\,\ne \,0$, $b\,>\,0$, and $c$. The main result of this article states that when such a surface is a topological sphere, it is rotational.

In this paper, we prove that on a compact, $n$-dimensional Alexandrov space with curvature at least −1, the Wasserstein barycenter of Borel probability measures ${{\mu }_{1}},\ldots ,{{\mu }_{m}}$ is absolutely continuous with respect to the $n$-dimensional Hausdorff measure if one of them is.

The aim of this paper is to prove that a $\text{K3}$ surface is the minimal model of the quotient of an Abelian surface by a group $G$ (respectively of a $\text{K3}$ surface by an Abelian group $G$) if and only if a certain lattice is primitively embedded in its Néron-Severi group. This allows one to describe the coarse moduli space of the $\text{K3}$ surfaces that are (rationally) $G$-covered by Abelian or $\text{K3}$ surfaces (in the latter case $G$ is an Abelian group). When $G$ has order 2 or $G$ is cyclic and acts on an Abelian surface, this result is already known; we extend it to the other cases.

Moreover, we prove that a $\text{K3}$ surface ${{X}_{G}}$ is the minimal model of the quotient of an Abelian surface by a group $G$ if and only if a certain configuration of rational curves is present on ${{X}_{G}}$. Again, this result was known only in some special cases, in particular, if $G$ has order 2 or 3.

An asymptotically orthonormal sequence is a sequence that is nearly orthonormal in the sense that it satisfies the Parseval equality up to two constants close to one. In this paper, we explore such sequences formed by normalized reproducing kernels for model spaces and de Branges–Rovnyak spaces.

We study the asymptotic behaviour of the Bloch–Kato–Shafarevich–Tate group of a modular form $f$ over the cyclotomic ${{\mathbb{Z}}_{p}}$-extension of $\mathbb{Q}$ under the assumption that $f$ is non-ordinary at $p$. In particular, we give upper bounds of these groups in terms of Iwasawa invariants of Selmer groups defined using $p$-adic Hodge Theory. These bounds have the same form as the formulae of Kobayashi, Kurihara, and Sprung for supersingular elliptic curves.

We explicitly find regulators of an infinite family $\{{{L}_{m}}\}$ of the simplest quartic function fields with a parameter $m$ in a polynomial ring ${{\mathbb{F}}_{q}}\left( t \right)$, where ${{\mathbb{F}}_{q}}$ is the finite field of order $q$ with odd characteristic. In fact, this infinite family of the simplest quartic function fields are subfields of maximal real subfields of cyclotomic function fields having the same conductors. We obtain a lower bound on the class numbers of the family $\{{{L}_{m}}\}$ and some result on the divisibility of the divisor class numbers of cyclotomic function fields that contain $\{{{L}_{m}}\}$ as their subfields. Furthermore, we find an explicit criterion for the characterization of splitting types of all the primes of the rational function field ${{\mathbb{F}}_{q}}\left( t \right)$ in $\{{{L}_{m}}\}$.

Let $\mathbf{k}$ be an algebraically closed field complete with respect to a non-Archimedean absolute value of arbitrary characteristic. Let ${{D}_{1}},...,\,{{D}_{n}}$ be effective nef divisors intersecting transversally in an $n$-dimensional nonsingular projective variety $X$. We study the degeneracy of non-Archimedean analytic maps from $\mathbf{k}$ into $X\,\backslash \,\cup _{i=1}^{n}\,{{D}_{i}}$ under various geometric conditions. When $X$ is a rational ruled surface and ${{D}_{1}}$ and ${{D}_{2}}$ are ample, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition such that there is no non-Archimedean analytic map from $\mathbf{k}$ into $X\,\backslash \,{{D}_{1}}\,\cup \,{{D}_{2}}$. Using the dictionary between non-Archimedean Nevanlinna theory and Diophantine approximation that originated in earlier work with T. T. H. An, we also study arithmetic analogues of these problems, establishing results on integral points on these varieties over $\mathbb{Z}$ or the ring of integers of an imaginary quadratic field.

We correct an error in the proof of a lemma in Translation groupoids and orbifold cohomology. Canad. J. Math 62(2010), no. 3, 614–645. This error was pointed out to the authors by Li Du of the Georg-August-Universität at Göttingen, who also suggested the outline for the corrected proof.

We consider Schubert problems with respect to flags osculating the rational normal curve. These problems are of special interest when the osculation points are all real. In this case, for zero-dimensional Schubert problems, the solutions are “ as real as possible”. Recent work by Speyer has extended the theory to the moduli space $\overline{{{\mathcal{M}}_{0,\,r}}}$ allowing the points to collide. This gives rise to smooth covers $\overline{{{\mathcal{M}}_{0,\,r}}}\left( \mathbb{R} \right)$, with structure and monodromy described by Young tableaux and jeu de taquin.

In this paper, we give analogous results on one-dimensional Schubert problems over $\overline{{{\mathcal{M}}_{0,\,r}}}$.Their(real) geometry turns out to be described by orbits of Schützenberger promotion and a related operation involving tableau evacuation. Over ${{\mathcal{M}}_{0,\,r}}$, our results show that the real points of the solution curves are smooth.

We also find a new identity involving “first-order” $\text{K}$-theoretic Littlewood-Richardson coefficients, for which there does not appear to be a known combinatorial proof.

In this paper, we characterize the closures of convex hulls of unitary orbits of self-adjoint operators in unital, separable, simple ${{\text{C}}^{*}}$ -algebras with non-trivial tracial simplex, real rank zero, stable rank one, and strict comparison of projections with respect to tracial states. In addition, an upper bound for the number of unitary conjugates in a convex combination needed to approximate a self-adjoint are obtained.

Main result: If a ${{C}^{*}}$-algebra $\mathcal{A}$ is simple, $\sigma $-unital, has finitely many extremal traces, and has strict comparison of positive elements by traces, then its multiplier algebra $\mathcal{M}\left( \mathcal{A} \right)$ also has strict comparison of positive elements by traces. The same results holds if finitely many extremal traces is replaced by quasicontinuous scale. A key ingredient in the proof is that every positive element in the multiplier algebra of an arbitrary $\sigma $-unital ${{C}^{*}}$ -algebra can be approximated by a bi-diagonal series. As an application of strict comparison, if $\mathcal{A}$ is a simple separable stable ${{C}^{*}}$ -algebra with real rank zero, stable rank one, and strict comparison of positive elements by traces, then whether a positive element is a positive linear combination of projections is determined by the trace values of its range projection.

We investigate when a computable automorphism of a computable field can be effectively extended to a computable automorphism of its (computable) algebraic closure. We then apply our results and techniques to study effective embeddings of computable difference fields into computable difference closed fields.

Let $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{B}$ be large subsets of $\{1,\,.\,.\,.\,,\,N\}$. We study the number of pairs $\left( a,b \right)\,\in \,\mathcal{A}\,\times \,\mathcal{B}$ such that the sum of binary digits of $a\,+\,b$ is fixed.

We prove that the extremal sequences for the Bellman function of the dyadic maximal operator behave approximately as eigenfunctions of this operator for a specific eigenvalue. We use this result to prove the analogous one with respect to the Hardy operator.

The preservation principle of local theta correspondences of reductive dual pairs over a $p$-adic field predicts the existence of a sequence of irreducible supercuspidal representations of classical groups. Adams and Harris-Kudla-Sweet have a conjecture about the Langlands parameters for the sequence of supercuspidal representations. In this paper we prove modified versions of their conjectures for the case of supercuspidal representations with unipotent reduction.

We complete Mori's program with symmetric divisors for the moduli space of stable seven-pointed rational curves. We describe all birational models in terms of explicit blow-ups and blow-downs. We also give a moduli theoretic description of the first flip, which has not appeared in the literature.

For a lattice $L$ of ${{\mathbb{R}}^{n}}$, a sphere $S\left( c,r \right)$ of center $c$ and radius $r$ is called empty if for any $v\,\in \,L$ we have $\parallel v\,-\,c\parallel \,\,\ge \,r$. Then the set $S\left( c,r \right)\,\cap \,L$ is the vertex set of a $Delaunay\,polytope\,P\,=\,\text{conv}\left( S\left( c,r \right)\cap L \right)$. A Delaunay polytope is called perfect if any affine transformation $\phi $ such that $\phi \left( P \right)$ is a Delaunay polytope is necessarily an isometry of the space composed with an homothety.

Perfect Delaunay polytopes are remarkable structures that exist only if $n\,=\,1$ or $n\,\ge \,6$, and they have shown up recently in covering maxima studies. Here we give a general algorithm for their enumeration that relies on the Erdahl cone. We apply this algorithm in dimension seven, which allows us to find that there are only two perfect Delaunay polytopes: 321, which is a Delaunay polytope in the root lattice ${{\text{E}}_{7}}$, and the Erdahl Rybnikov polytope.

We then use this classification in order to get the list of all types of Delaunay simplices in dimension seven and found that there are eleven types.