Let ∧ be a K-algebra over a commutative ring K. Harada [5] has introduced the notion of weak dimension of algebras ∧ (denoted by w. dim ∧) analogous to the dimension of algebras in Cartan and Eilenberg [3].

Let …, αn, (n ≧ 2) be (fixed) multiplicatively independent non zero algebraic numbers and set M(H) = min |β1log α1+…+βn log αn| the minimum taken over all algebraic numbers bgr;1,…βn not all equal to zero, of degrees not exceeding a fixed natural number d0, and heights not exceeding an arbitrary natural number H. Then an important result [1] of Baker states that for every fixed ε > 0 and an explicit constant . It may be remarked that Baker deduces his general result from the special case where βn is fixed to be —1. The following straight forward generalization might be of some interest since it shows that the exponent n+1+ε need not be the best, and that the best exponent obtainable by his method has some chance of being 1 + ε (see the corollary to the Theorem).

In [2] we proved that if X admits a complete uniform structure, the intersection of the free maximal ideals in C(x) is precisely Ck(X), the ring of functions with compact support. In the present paper we are able to sharpen this result somewhat and give necessary and sufficient conditions on a space X so that this conclusion holds. Both our previous result and that of Kohls for p-spaces follow as special cases of our theorem.

In a recent note, M. Kuczama [5] has obtained a general result concerning real solutions φ(x) on the interval 0 ≦ x < a ≦∞ of the Schröder functional equation providing the known real function satisfies the following (quite weak) conditions: f(x) is continuous and strictly increasing in ([0 a);(0) = 0 and 0 <f(x) <x for x ∈ (0, a); limx→0+ {f(x)/x} = s; and f(x)/x is monotonic in (0, a).

The question whether any projective plane of order ten exists or not, is an unsolved problem that has attracted some interest (see, for instance, [2]). A method, by which a plane might have been discovered, was suggested to me by a theorem in [1]: ‘If order of a plane is greater than 10, a six-arc is not complete’. Elementary arguments do not, it appears, exclude the possibility of a complete six-arc in a plane of order ten: but they do show that such a figure would be of an extreme type, and that the whole plane would fit round it in a particular way. The limitation, in fact, is so severe that it becomes feasible to consider, for a good many of the incidences in the plane, all the alternative arrangements that seem possible. With the help of the Elliott 4130 computer of the University of Leicester, I have carried out an exhaustive search, and discovered that it is impossible to build up a projective plane by this method. So I can assert:

Let X1, X2,…be independent and identically distributed non-lattice random variables with zero, varianceσ2<∞, and partial sums Sn = X1+X2+…+X.

Let M(t) denote the mean population size at time t (conditional on a single ancestor of age zero at time zero) of a branching process in which the distribution of the lifetime T of an individual is given by Pr {T≦t} =G(t), and in which each individual gives rise (at death) to an expected number A of offspring (1λ A λ ∞). expected number A of offspring (1 < A ∞). Then it is well-known (Harris [1], p. 143) that, provided G(O+)-G(O-) 0 and G is not a lattice distribution, M(t) is given asymptotically by where c is the unique positive value of p satisfying the equation .

A ring R is called an H-ring if for every x ∈ R there exists an interger n=n(x)> 1 such that xn-x ∈C, where C is center of R. I. N. Herstein proved that H-rings must be commutative [See 3 pp. 220–221]. We now introduce the following definition.

The theory of formations of soluble groups, developed by Gaschütz [4], Carter and Hawkes[1], provides fairly general methods for investigating canonical full conjugate sets of subgroups in finite, soluble groups. Those methods, however, cannot be applied to the class of all finite groups, since strong use was made of the Theorem of Galois on primitive soluble groups. Nevertheless, there is a possiblity to extend the results of the above mentioned papers to the case of Π-soluble groups as defined by Čunihin [2]. A finite group G is called Π-soluble, if, for a given set it of primes, the indices of a composition series of G are either primes belonging to It or they are not divisible by any prime of Π In this paper, we shall frequently use the following result of Čunihin [2]: Ift is a non-empty set of primes, Π′ its complement in the set of all primes, and G is a Π-soluble group, then there always exist Hall Π-subgroups and Hall ′-subgroups, constituting single conjugate sets of subgroups of G respectively, each It-subgroup of G contained in a Hall Π-subgroup of G where each ′-subgroup of G is contained in a Hall Π′-subgroup of G. All groups considered in this paper are assumed to be finite and Π-soluble. A Hall Π-subgroup of a group G will be denoted by G.

The contravariant functor F from the category of Riemann surfaces and analytic mappings to the category of complex algebras and homomorphisms which takes each surface Ω to the algebra of analytic functions on Ω does not have an adjoint on the right; but it nearly does. To each algebra A there is associated a surface Σ1 (A) and a homomorphism A from A into FΣ1 (A), indeed onto an algebra of functions not all of which are constant on any component of Σ1 (A), such that every such non-trivial representation A A → F(Ω) is induced by a unique analytic mapping Ω → Σ1(A)