We characterize the continuous q-ultraspherical polynomials in terms of the special form of the coefficients in the expansion ${{\mathcal{D}}_{q}}{{P}_{n}}\left( x \right)$ in the basis $\left\{ {{P}_{n}}\left( x \right) \right\},{{\mathcal{D}}_{q}}$ being the Askey-Wilson divided difference operator. The polynomials are assumed to be symmetric, and the connection coefficients are multiples of the reciprocal of the square of the ${{L}^{2}}$ norm of the polynomials. A similar characterization is given for the discrete $q$-ultraspherical polynomials. A new proof of the evaluation of the connection coefficients for big $q$-Jacobi polynomials is given.

The existence of nonzero fixed points of positive contractions in L1 spaces has received considerable attention in recent years. In 1966, Dean and Sucheston [1] and independently, Neveu [5] showed that a positive contraction has a strictly positive invariant function if and only if for any measurable subset A with positive measure, where 1 is the constant function of value one.

Let f be a function mapping the open unit disk D into the extended complex plane. A point ζ on the unit circle C is called an ambiguous point of f if there exist two Jordan arcs J1 and J2, each having an endpoint at ζ and lying, except for ζ, in D, such that

In recent years there has been some interest in trying to improve the behaviour of maps by extending their domains (see Whyburn [10], Baur [3], Krolevec [8], Dickman [5], Franklin and Kohli [6]). It was shown in [6] that every map can be extended to an open map so that certain properties of the domain and range are preserved in the new domain. In [6] and [7] we also related the topological properties of the domain and range of the mapping with the new domain; also these results were then used to obtain analogues and improvements of recent theorems of Arhangelskii, Čoban, Hodel, Keesling, Nagami, Okuyama, and Proizvolov. In this note we give a method of unifying the domain and range of a mapping so as to yield a meaningful open extension.

In a previous article, we studied the distribution of “low–lying” zeros of the family of quadratic Dirichlet $L$–functions assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis for all Dirichlet $L$–functions. Even with this very strong assumption, we were limited to using weight functions whose Fourier transforms are supported in the interval (−2, 2). However, it is widely believed that this restriction may be removed, and this leads to what has become known as the One-Level Density Conjecture for the zeros of this family of quadratic $L$-functions. In this note, we make use of Weil's explicit formula as modified by Besenfelder to prove an analogue of this conjecture.

Using the methods developed in (2 and 3), in this paper we study some properties of the configuration of generators and points of a cone in an w-dimensional finite projective space. The configuration of secants and external points of a quadric in a finite plane of even characteristic is also studied. I t is shown that these configurations lead to several series of partially balanced incomplete block (PBIB) designs. PBIB designs are defined in Bose and Shimamoto (1). A PBIB design with m associate classes is an arrangement of v treatments in b blocks such that.

We show the existence of a measurable selector in Carpenter’s Theorem due to Kadison. This solves a problem posed by Jasper and the first author in an earlier work. As an application we obtain a characterization of all possible spectral functions of shift-invariant subspaces of $L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{d})$ and Carpenter’s Theorem for type $\text{I}_{\infty }$ von Neumann algebras.

Let ℳ(N, N) be the space of all N × N real matrices and let 𝒢(N) be the set of all linear subspaces of ℝN. The maps ker and coker from ℳ(N, N) onto 𝒢(N) induce two quotient topologies, the right and left respectively. A quasibundle over a space X is defined as a continuous map from X into 𝒢(N)\ it is a right quasibundle if 𝒢(N) = ℳ(N,N)/ ker and a left quasibundle if 𝒢(N) = ℳ(N,N)/ coker. The following is established. Theorem: Let ξ be a left quasibundle over a closed subset of some Euclidean space. Then the following statements are equivalent: (i) ξ has enough sections pointwise. (ii) Sections zero at infinity over closed subsets may be extended globally, (iii) A vector subbundle over a closed subset extends to a vector subbundle over a neighborhood, (iv) ξ is a fibrewise sum of local vector subbundles. (v) There exist finitely many global sections spanning ξ. (vi) ξ is an image quasibundle. (vii) ξ results from a Swan construction. These results are used to prove a version of the Hirsch-Smale immersion theorem for locally compact subsets of Euclidean space.

Let $\mathbb{F}$ be a finite real abelian extension of $\mathbb{Q}$. Let $M$ be an odd positive integer. For every squarefree positive integer $r$ the prime factors of which are congruent to 1 modulo $M$ and split completely in $\mathbb{F}$, the corresponding Kolyvagin class ${{k}_{r}}\in {{\mathbb{F}}^{\times }}/{{\mathbb{F}}^{\times M}}$ satisfies a remarkable and crucial recursion which for each prime number $\ell $ dividing $r$ determines the order of vanishing of ${{k}_{r}}$ at each place of $\mathbb{F}$ above $\ell $ in terms of ${{k}_{r/\ell }}$. In this note we give the recursion a new and universal interpretation with the help of the double complex method introduced by Anderson and further developed by Das and Ouyang. Namely, we show that the recursion satisfied by Kolyvagin classes is the specialization of a universal recursion independent of $\mathbb{F}$ satisfied by universal Kolyvagin classes in the group cohomology of the universal ordinary distribution à la Kubert tensored with $\mathbb{Z}/M\mathbb{Z}$. Further, we show by a method involving a variant of the diagonal shift operation introduced by Das that certain group cohomology classes belonging (up to sign) to a basis previously constructed by Ouyang also satisfy the universal recursion.

Let K be a maximally complete valued field and let L be a totally ramified Galois extension of K with Galois group G. Assume (i) the value group quotient of L|K is cyclic and (ii) there exists an unramified cyclic extension of K of the same degree as L. Then there is an isomorphism of Ga onto a subgroup A/N(L×) of K×/N(L×) which maps the ramification group Gi onto AiN(L×)/N(L×) for all i > 0 where Ai = {x ∊ A|v(x ‒ 1) ≧ i}. This generalizes certain results of Local Class Field Theory.

Let C(I) denote the linear space of continuous functions from the compact interval I = [a, b] into n-dimensional real arithmetic space Rn, and let C′(I) be the subspace of continuously differentiable functions on I. A general boundary value problem for a first-order system of n ordinary differential equations on I is given by

In this paper we show that the common points of any nonempty “family“ of normal functions form a normal function and from this we derive various significant consequences such as Theorem 2 below.

We introduce a wide subclass $\mathcal{F}\left( X,\,\omega \right)$ of quasi-plurisubharmonic functions in a compact Kähler manifold, on which the complex Monge-Ampère operator is well defined and the convergence theorem is valid. We also prove that $\mathcal{F}\left( X,\,\omega \right)$ is a convex cone and includes all quasi-plurisubharmonic functions that are in the Cegrell class.

Generalized étale homotopy pro-groups $\pi _{1}^{\acute{e}t}(C, x)$ associated with pointed, connected, small Grothendieck sites $(C, x)$ are defined, and their relationship to Galois theory and the theory of pointed torsors for discrete groups is explained.

Applications include new rigorous proofs of some folklore results around $\pi _{1}^{\acute{e}t}(\acute{e}t(X) x)$, a description of Grothendieck's short exact sequence for Galois descent in terms of pointed torsor trivializations, and a new étale van Kampen theorem that gives a simple statement about a pushout square of pro-groups that works for covering families that do not necessarily consist exclusively of monomorphisms. A corresponding van Kampen result for Grothendieck's profinite groups $\text{ }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ }_{1}^{\text{Gal}}$ immediately follows.

1. Introduction. The remarkable 1927 paper by J. H. Redfield [13] which anticipated many recent combinatorial results in Polya counting theory and, in fact, predated Polya's theorem by ten years has been discussed at length by Harary and Palmer [8], Foulkes [5; 6], Sheehan [15; 16] and Read [12], not to mention de Bruijn [3] and others. We shall, in this paper, demonstrate how multilinear techniques may be used in this context. The Redfield superposition theorem and decomposition theorem turn out to be statements about a group acting on finite function spaces, and may thus be dealt with in multilinear terms. We shall prove Redfield's results and an extension due to Foulkes [5].

The upper light cone L in R3 is a homogeneous space of the 3-dimensional Lorentz group G. It may be identified with the space of horocycles in the upper hyperboloide H which is the symmetric space associated to G. There exists a duality between H and L (see [5] p. 144) and a general procedure leads to a generalized Radon transform:

and the dual Radon transform

These operations commute with the natural action of the group G.

A space X is said to be Lipschitz 1-connected if every Lipschitz loop 𝛾 : S1 → X bounds a O (Lip(𝛾))-Lipschitz disk f : D2 → X. A Lipschitz 1-connected space admits a quadratic isoperimetric inequality, but it is unknown whether the converse is true. Cornulier and Tessera showed that certain solvable Lie groups have quadratic isoperimetric inequalities, and we extend their result to show that these groups are Lipschitz 1-connected.

1.1. If a group satisfies the maximal condition for normal subgroups, then all its central factors are necessarily finitely generated. In [2], Hall asked whether there exist finitely generated soluble groups which do not satisfy the maximal condition for normal subgroups but all of whose central factors are finitely generated. We shall answer this question in the affirmative. We shall also construct a finitely generated group all of whose subnormal subgroups are perfect (and which therefore has no non-trivial central factors), but which does not satisfy the maximal condition for normal subgroups. Related to these examples is the question of which classes of finitely generated groups satisfy the maximal condition for normal subgroups. A characterization of such classes has been obtained by Hall, and we shall include his result as our first theorem.

This is a generalization of the results in [3, § 5]. Some of the proofs presented here are actually the original proofs presented in [3]. Although we can find alternate proofs in the case p = 3, since [3] will not be published for a while yet, we feel that it is worthwhile to present the proof in [3] whenever it carries over in the case p = 3. The results in this paper will be used in the investigation of the quadratic pairs for the prime 3.