In the Canadian Entomologist, Vol XXVII. page 33 (1895), Professor T. D. A. Cockerell stated that Dr. James Fletcher and just sent him a species of Chionaspis from Charlottetown, Prince Elward Island — very abundant on the bark of Betula papyrifera – and that in comparing it with Prof. Costomck's description of C. Lintneri he believed it to be that species. Following the description of the Prince Edward Island specimens, Prof. Cockerell drew attention to a few probable points of difference between it and Prof. Comstock's description, but as he could find no positive differences he did not separate the form on Betula, inferring that the discrepancy was due either to variation in his specimens or the incompleteness of Prof. Comstock's description. I have since received specimens of the form on Betula papyrifera from Prof. Comstock and Dr. J. A. Lintner, and latter gentleman has also lent me Prof. Comstock's co-types of C. Lintneri. On comparing the two I was at aonce convinced that they were distinct, and upon giving Prof. Cockerell my reasons for thinking that the two insects could not be identical, he advised me to separate the form on Betula.

The three new species described here were discovered in recent years in the course of forest aphid studies in central Canada.

Measurements used in this paper are in millimetres. The number of specimens of each form of the aphid measured is shown and the range of measurements given in parentheses. The single measurement preceding the parentheses is not an average, but refers to a single representative specimen.

An examination of the female genitalia of forms belonging to the redimicula complex of the genus Euxoa disclosed that the group consists of four species, redimicula (Morrison), servita (Smith), auripennis new species, and arizonensis new species. Diagnostic characters of the species in the group are discussed. A discriminant analysis was successfully used on characters of the male genitalia to segregate the males. A key to females and males of the species and subspecies of the redimicula group is included.

22. Melanoplus femur-rubrum, De Geer. The Red-legged Grasshopper.

Acrydium femur-rubrum, Harris Ins. Inj., 1862, 174, fig. 80.

Caloptenus femur-rubrum, Thos., Syn. Acrid. N. A., 1873, 163.

Id., Ninth Rep. St. Ent., Ill., 1880, 124, figs. 22, 23.

Riley, Rep. U.S Ent. Comm., I., 1877, 50, pl. II.

Melanoplus femur-rubrum, Scudd., Proceed. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hıst., XIX., 1878, 284.

Omalorphanus new genus is described to include the new species O. aenigma from the Cascade Range of Oregon. The species is tentatively assigned to the subfamily Omaliinae, tribe Anthophagini; the characters on which this assignment is based and the morphological features that distinguish it from other Omaliinae are thoroughly discussed.

Crinophleba rostrata, a new genus and species of a phorid fly from New Brunswick, Canada, is described.

Baptolinus Pilicornis, Payk.

Till lately this species has been known in our literature as B. macrocephalus, Nord. It has a very wide distribution across the northern part of the continent, from Alaska to New Hampshire, and through the Alleghanies as for south as southern Pennsylvania, and probably much further. In Europe it ascends to 68°, and is spread over all Siberia to the Amur. It does not seem to be abundant anywhere. It is very variable in colour, and to some extent in the fineness or coarseness of the general punctuation. I took two examples here recently under the bark of a mosscovered decaying oak, and several a few days afterward on the mountains, in the same situation. All these are black and shining, with the mouth parts, antennæ and legs pale, corresponding to the description of Paykull's type. Four examples from Vermont have the mouth parts and the antennæ rufous, and the elyta, rufous, grading imperceptibly to rufo-piceous at the apex and sides.

In recent years, experimental research on feeding and nutrition of aphids has been closely associated with studies on host plant resistance or susceptibility to aphids. No satisfactory artificial feeding technique has yet been devised. Maltais (1952) and Day and Irzykiewicz (195 3) have described methods using membranes, and reviewed the literature on previous attempts to induce plant-sucking insects to feed through membranes. Recently, Maltais (1959) has offered a promising alternative method using plant cuttings in organic nutrient solutions. His new technique was developed to exploit the findings of Mittler (1957) that the natural turgor pressure of willow apparently forced phloem sieve-tube sap up the stylets of Tuberolachnus salignus (Gmelin) .

In all the quantitative studies of the forest floor, sod, and soil faunas, the Acarina or mites have been grouped under one head as useful in reducing dead leaves and twigs to crude mineral matter, in spite of the fact that it is well known that some of the floor Acarina are eaters of mildews and moulds (minute fungi), some are predaceous, and some feed on living plant tissue.

Penultimate Instar. Head width 1.0 to 1.3 mm. Body length 7 to 10 mm. Otherwise similar to ultimate instar.

Ultimate Instar. Head width 1.3 to 1.5 mm. Body from 9 to 11 mm. long and from 1.5 to 1.7 mm. wide; shape subcylindrical, broadest at first abdominal segment, eighth abdominal segment with a dorsal swelling; skin densely covered with minute conical granules; ground colour pale yellow, cream-coloured, or greyish-white, heavily mottled with dark brown, dark grey, or ruddy-brown, often with a pink suffusion, venter lightly tinged with reddish-brown or even green.

It was necessary to know the specific gravity of the haemolymph, or blood, of grasshoppers for certain investigations on insect immunity, This information is not given in reviews on the physical properties of insect haemolymph (Rapp, 1947; Buck, 1953). Determinations of specific gravity were made by the technique developed by Lowry and Hunter (1945) and used on insects by Baldwin and House (1352). Nine males and 11 females of Melanoplus bivittatus (Say) and 11 males and nine females of Melanoplus mexicanus (Sauss.) were used after they had fed in the laboratory for three days on lettuce and dry dietary components. The mean specific gravity and the standard deviation for M. bivittatus was 1.0271 ± .0043, 1.0262 ± .0046, for the male and 1.0281 ± .0039 for the female; for M. mexicanus, 1.0261 ± .0023, 1.0257 ±.0021, and 1.0264 ± .0025, respectively.

The species here described were collected by Walter R. Sweadner, Department of Zoology, University of Pittsburgh, during 1932. The writer is also indebted to Doctor E. H. Graham, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for the identification of the host plant material.

Hebard (1915) and J. W. H. Rehn (1939 and 1939a) listed species of Orthoptera from Newfoundland but neither author reported any species of Gryllidae. Walker (1915) did not list any members of this family as inhabiting the Magdalen Islands.

The first record of a cricket from Newfoundland was by Ander (1960) who recorded two immature females from Shoal Harbour, July 27, 1951. He somewhat doubtfully assigned these specimens to Nemobius fasciatus (DeGeer), stating: “I suppose that the specimens belong to the species Nemobius fasciatus (Degeer), widely distributed in North America, which is common in Nova Scotia (Piers 1918). The specimens agree very well with the description of fasciatus in Morse (1920) and Blatchley (1920), and as it is the only Nemobius known from Nova Scotia I have good reasons to suppose that the larvae belong to the species mentioned.”

While looking over some insects in Hamilton a few days since collected by Miss Mills, daughter of Wm. H. Mills, EsQ., I was delighted at finding a specimen of Libythea bachmani, Kirtland, which is probably a variety of L. motya, Boisd. It was almost entire, though somewhat beaten. The young lady had taken it on the beach at Hamilton early in August. She found it settled on the sand, and it seemed at first partially torpid, but when captured used its wings freely in trying to escape. It is a very peculiar insect, with very long palpi. The following is a description of it.

The material for this study was collected by Mr. H. O. Woodworth and myself during the spring and early summer of 1898. At Berkeley the collecting was carried on in a systematic manner, so that the number of each species taken gives a fair representation of their relative abundance. S. albicans and S. Edwardsii are the only species heretofore recorded from California. The specis may be readily recognized by means of the following synopsis:

Abdomen with distinct, white bands.