We prove an existence theorem for nonlinear differential equations with deviating arguments and with implicit derivatives. The proof is based on the notion of measure of noncompactness and the Darbo fixed point theorem.

The present work is concerned with an integration by parts formula for the Pk-integral of De Sarkar and Das, and of the equivalent Pk-integral of Bullen. The process involves a simpler and updated version of that for the Zk−1-integral of Bergin. If f is Pk – (Zk−1)-integrable and G is of bounded kth variation, then fG is Pk – (Zk−1)-integrable.

In this note we answer a question of W. G. Bade by showing that if a normal, unital Banach function algebra A is strongly regular at one of its characters φ has a bounded approximate identity, then A has bounded relative units at φ. In particular, every strong Ditkin algebra has bounded relative units at all points of its character space. There need not, however, be a global bound available for the relative units.

We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a class of row-decreasing infinite matrices to be partially well-ordered with regard to the component-wise ordering. Then, using these matrices, we determine all the classes of abelian groups, closed under taking subgroups, direct limits, and isomorphic groups.

A Banach space X is called a twisted sum of the Banach spaces Y and Z if it has a subspace isomorphic to Y such that the corresponding quotient is isomorphic to Z. A twisted Hilbert space is a twisted sum of Hilbert spaces. We prove the following tongue-twister: there exists a twisted sum of two subspaces of a twisted Hilbert space that is not isomorphic to a subspace of a twisted Hilbert space. In other words, being a subspace of a twisted Hilbert space is not a three-space property.

If G is a finite group and P is a group-theoretic property, G will be called P-max-core if for every maximal subgroup M of G, M/MG has property P where MG = ∩ is the core of M in G. In a joint paper with John D. Dixon and A.H. Rhemtulla, we showed that if p is an odd prime and G is (p-nilpotent)-max-core, then G is p-solvable, and then using the techniques of the theory of solvable groups, we characterized nilpotent-max-core groups as finite nilpotent-by-nilpotent groups. The proof of the first result used John G. Thompson's p-nilpotency criterion and hence required p > 2. In this paper I show that supersolvable-max-core groups (and hence (2-nilpotent)-max-core groups) need not be 2-solvable (that is, solvable). Also I generalize the second result, among others, and characterize (p-nilpotent)-max-core groups (for p an odd prime) as finite nilpotent-by-(p-nilpotent) groups.

In this note it is proved that for a certain class of infinite dimensional Banach algebras the set of singular elements (the non-units) is dense in the weak topology.

A locally convex topological vector (LCTV) space E is said to have property V (Dieudonné property) if for every complete separated LCTV space F, every unconditionally converging (weakly completely continuous) operator T: E → F is wsakly compact. First, an investigation of the permanence of property V is given. The permanence of the Dieudonné is analogous. Relationships between property V and the Dieudonné property are then given.

Let f be a function meromorphic in D = {|z| < 1} and let X be the chordal distance on the Riemann sphere. Then f satisfies the Lipschitz condition

in D if and only if |f′(z)|/(1 + |f(z)|2) = O((1 – |z|)α−1) and |z| → 1.

For a given prime $p$, we investigate the finite groups all of whose 2-minimal $p$-subgroups are complemented.

We study the tensor norm defined by a sequence space λ and its minimal and maximal operator ideals associated in the sense of Defant and Floret. Our results extend the classical theory related to the tensor norms of Saphar [16]. They show the key role played by the finite dimensional structure of the ultrapowers of λ in this kind of problems.

In this paper we prove that the affine diameter of any closed uniformly convex hypersurface in Euclidean space enclosing finite volume is bounded from above.

The range of a trigonometric polynomial with complex coefficients can be interpreted as the image of the unit circle under a Laurent polynomial. We show that this range is contained in a real algebraic subset of the complex plane. Although the containment may be proper, the difference between the two sets is finite, except for polynomials with a certain symmetry.

Let $\mathbb{Z}$ and $\mathbb{Z}^{+}$ be the set of integers and the set of positive integers, respectively. For $a,b,c,d,n\in \mathbb{Z}^{+}$, let $t(a,b,c,d;n)$ be the number of representations of $n$ by $\frac{1}{2}ax(x+1)+\frac{1}{2}by(y+1)+\frac{1}{2}cz(z+1)+\frac{1}{2}dw(w+1)$ with $x,y,z,w\in \mathbb{Z}$. Using theta function identities we prove 13 transformation formulas for $t(a,b,c,d;n)$ and evaluate $t(2,3,3,8;n)$, $t(1,1,6,24;n)$ and $t(1,1,6,8;n)$.

For an even Dirichlet character ψ, we obtain a formula for L (1, ψ) in terms of a sum of Dirichlet L-Series evaluated at s = 2 and s = 3 and a rapidly convergent numerical series involving the central binomial coefficients. We then derive a class number formula for real quadratic number fields by taking L (s, ψ) to be the quadratic L-series associated with these fields.

We consider Stavskaya’s process, which is a two-state probabilistic cellular automaton defined on a one-dimensional lattice. The state of any vertex depends only on itself and on the state of its right-adjacent neighbour. This process was one of the first multicomponent systems with local interaction for which the existence of a kind of phase transition has been rigorously proved. However, the exact localisation of its critical value remains as an open problem. We provide a new lower bound for the critical value.

Assume that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$ and $D$ are two domains with compact smooth boundaries in the extended complex plane $\overline{\mathbf{C}}$. We prove that every quasiconformal mapping between $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$ and $D$ mapping $\infty$ onto itself is bi-Lipschitz continuous with respect to both the Euclidean and Riemannian metrics.

We investigate the boundedness, compactness, invertibility and Fredholmness of weighted composition operators between Lorentz spaces. It is also shown that the classes of Fredholm and invertible weighted composition maps between Lorentz spaces coincide when the underlying measure space is nonatomic.