Suppose that $f:X\to C$ is a general Jacobian elliptic surface over ${\mathbb {C}}$ of irregularity $q$ and positive geometric genus $h$. Assume that $10 h>12(q-1)$, that $h>0$ and let $\overline {\mathcal {E}\ell \ell }$ denote the stack of generalized elliptic curves. (1) The moduli stack $\mathcal {JE}$ of such surfaces is smooth at the point $X$ and its tangent space $T$ there is naturally a direct sum of lines $(v_a)_{a\in Z}$, where $Z\subset C$ is the ramification locus of the classifying morphism $\phi :C\to \overline {\mathcal {E}\ell \ell }$ that corresponds to $X\to C$. (2) For each $a\in Z$ the map $\overline {\nabla }_{v_a}:H^{2,0}(X)\to H^{1,1}_{\rm prim}(X)$ defined by the derivative $per_*$ of the period map $per$ is of rank one. Its image is a line ${\mathbb {C}}[\eta _a]$ and its kernel is $H^0(X,\Omega ^2_X(-E_a))$, where $E_a=f^{-1}(a)$. (3) The classes $[\eta _a]$ form an orthogonal basis of $H^{1,1}_{\rm prim}(X)$ and $[\eta _a]$ is represented by a meromorphic $2$-form $\eta _a$ in $H^0(X,\Omega ^2_X(2E_a))$ of the second kind. (4) We prove a local Schottky theorem; that is, we give a description of $per_*$ in terms of a certain additional structure on the vector bundles that are involved. Assume further that $8h>10(q-1)$ and that $h\ge q+3$. (5) Given the period point $per(X)$ of $X$ that classifies the Hodge structure on the primitive cohomology $H^2_{\rm prim}(X)$ and the image of $T$ under $per_*$ we recover $Z$ as a subset of ${\mathbb {P}}^{h-1}$ and then, by quadratic interpolation, the curve $C$. (6) We prove a generic Torelli theorem for these surfaces. Everything relies on the construction, via certain kinds of Schiffer variations of curves, of certain variations of $X$ for which $per_*$ can be calculated. (In an earlier version of this paper we used variations constructed by Fay. However, Schiffer variations are slightly more powerful.)

We develop tools for constructing rigid analytic trivializations for Drinfeld modules as infinite products of Frobenius twists of matrices, from which we recover the rigid analytic trivialization given by Pellarin in terms of Anderson generating functions. One advantage is that these infinite products can be obtained from only a finite amount of initial calculation, and consequently we obtain new formulas for periods and quasi-periods, similar to the product expansion of the Carlitz period. We further link to results of Gekeler and Maurischat on the $\infty $ -adic field generated by the period lattice.

By work of Looijenga and others, one understands the relationship between Geometric Invariant Theory (GIT) and Baily–Borel compactifications for the moduli spaces of degree-$2$ $K3$ surfaces, cubic fourfolds, and a few other related examples. The similar-looking cases of degree-$4$ $K3$ surfaces and double Eisenbud–Popescu–Walter (EPW) sextics turn out to be much more complicated for arithmetic reasons. In this paper, we refine work of Looijenga in order to handle these cases. Specifically, in analogy with the so-called Hassett–Keel program for the moduli space of curves, we study the variation of log canonical models for locally symmetric varieties of Type IV associated to $D$-lattices. In particular, for the $19$-dimensional case, we conjecturally obtain a continuous one-parameter interpolation between the GIT and Baily–Borel compactifications for the moduli of degree-$4$ $K3$ surfaces. The analogous $18$-dimensional case, which corresponds to hyperelliptic degree-$4$ $K3$ surfaces, can be verified by means of Variation of Geometric Invariant Theory (VGIT) quotients.

Presently, about 12% of the population is 65 years or older and by the year 2030 that figure is expected to reach 21%. In order to promote the well-being of the elderly and to reduce the costs associated with health care demands, increased longevity should be accompanied by ageing attenuation. Energy restriction, which limits the amount of energy consumed to 60–70% of the daily intake, and intermittent fasting, which allows the food to be available ad libitum every other day, extend the life span of mammals and prevent or delay the onset of major age-related diseases, such as cancer, diabetes and cataracts. Recently, we have shown that well-being can be achieved by resetting of the circadian clock and induction of robust catabolic circadian rhythms via timed feeding. In addition, the clock mechanism regulates metabolism and major metabolic proteins are key factors in the core clock mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary to increase our understanding of circadian regulation over metabolism and longevity and to design new therapies based on this regulation. This review will explore the present data in the field of circadian rhythms, ageing and metabolism.

For the group $G=\operatorname{PGL}_{2}$ we perform a comparison between two relative trace formulas: on the one hand, the relative trace formula of Jacquet for the quotient $T\backslash G/T$, where $T$ is a nontrivial torus, and on the other the Kuznetsov trace formula (involving Whittaker periods), applied to nonstandard test functions. This gives a new proof of the celebrated result of Waldspurger on toric periods, and suggests a new way of comparing trace formulas, with some analogies to Langlands’ ‘Beyond Endoscopy’ program.

Let ${\mathcal{K}}$ be an imaginary quadratic field. Let ${\rm\Pi}$ and ${\rm\Pi}^{\prime }$ be irreducible generic cohomological automorphic representation of $\text{GL}(n)/{\mathcal{K}}$ and $\text{GL}(n-1)/{\mathcal{K}}$, respectively. Each of them can be given two natural rational structures over number fields. One is defined by the rational structure on topological cohomology, and the other is given in terms of the Whittaker model. The ratio between these rational structures is called a Whittaker period. An argument presented by Mahnkopf and Raghuram shows that, at least if ${\rm\Pi}$ is cuspidal and the weights of ${\rm\Pi}$ and ${\rm\Pi}^{\prime }$ are in a standard relative position, the critical values of the Rankin–Selberg product $L(s,{\rm\Pi}\times {\rm\Pi}^{\prime })$ are essentially algebraic multiples of the product of the Whittaker periods of ${\rm\Pi}$ and ${\rm\Pi}^{\prime }$. We show that, under certain regularity and polarization hypotheses, the Whittaker period of a cuspidal ${\rm\Pi}$ can be given a motivic interpretation, and can also be related to a critical value of the adjoint $L$-function of related automorphic representations of unitary groups. The resulting expressions for critical values of the Rankin–Selberg and adjoint $L$-functions are compatible with Deligne’s conjecture.

Recently, Constantinescu and Ilie proved a variant of the well-known periodicity theoremof Fine and Wilf in the case of two relatively prime abelian periods and conjectured aresult for the case of two non-relatively prime abelian periods. In this paper, we answersome open problems they suggested. We show that their conjecture is false but we givebounds, that depend on the two abelian periods, such that the conjecture is true for allwords having length at least those bounds and show that some of them are optimal. We alsoextend their study to the context of partial words, giving optimal lengths and describingan algorithm for constructing optimal words.

In this paper, we prove that the first occurrence of global theta liftings from any orthogonal group to either symplectic groups or metaplectic groups can be characterized completely in terms of the location of poles of certain Eisenstein series. This extends the work of Kudla and Rallis and the work of Moeglin to all orthogonal groups. As applications, we obtain results about basic structures of cuspidal automorphic representations and the domain of holomorphy of twisted standard L-functions.

Let $E$ be a $\textrm{CM}$-field and $\pi$ a cuspidal representation of $\textrm{GL}_n({\mathbb{A}}_E)$ which admits a spherical vector (at all places) <formula form="inline" disc="math" id="ffm005"><formtex notation="AMSTeX">$\phi_0$. We evaluate the period of $\phi_0$ with respect to any compact unitary group. The result is consistent with a conjecture of Sarnak.

The Casselman–Shalika method is a way to compute explicit formulas for periods of irreducible unramified representations of $p$-adic groups that are associated to unique models (i.e., multiplicity-free induced representations). We apply this method to the case of the Shalika model of $\text{G}{{\text{L}}_{n}}$, which is known to distinguish lifts from odd orthogonal groups. In the course of our proof, we further develop a variant of the method, that was introduced by Y.Hironaka, and in effect reduce many such problems to straightforward calculations on the group.

We prove various characterizations of the period torsor of abelian varieties.

In this note we are studying the Lie algebras associated to non-abelian unipotent periods on $P^1_{\mathbb{Q}(\mu_n)}\setminus\{0,\mu_n,\infty\}$. Let $n$ be a prime number. We assume that for any $m\geq 1$ the numbers $Li_{m+1}(\xi_n^k)$ for $1\leq k\leq (n-1)/2$ are linearly independent over $\mathbb{Q}$ in $\mathbb{C}/(2\pi\ri)^{m+1}\mathbb{Q}$. Let $S=\{k_1,\cdots,k_q\}$ be a subset of $\{1,\dots,p-1\}$ such that if $k\in S$, then $p-k\in S$ and $(S+S)\cap S=\emptyset$ (the sum of two elements of $S$ is calculated $\mathrm{Mod}p$). Then we show that in the Lie algebra associated to non-abelian unipotent periods on $P^1_{\mathbb{Q}(\mu_n)}\setminus \{0,\mu_n,\infty\}$ there are derivations $D^{k_1}_{m+1},\dots,D^{k_q}_{m+1}$ in each degree $m+1$ and these derivations are free generators of a free Lie subalgebra of this Lie algebra.

AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 11G55

In this paper, we introduce a new way of studying derivatives of L-functions of cusp forms by associating to them cocycles analogous, in function, to the period polynomial. The main result gives a description of the effect of Hecke operators on these cocycles.