OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The rates of computational phenotyping algorithm reuse across health systems are low, leading to a proliferation of algorithms for the same trait. We propose a framework for reusing computational phenotyping algorithms and describe the real-world deployment of this framework for the development of the Colorado Diabetes EHR Research Repository. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The novel phenotype reuse framework consists of 4 steps: select algorithms that are appropriate for reuse by assessing whether they are fit for purpose; extend the algorithm to account for changes in data and care practice standards; localize the algorithm to use local database standards and terminologies; optimize the algorithm by applying a data driven approach to achieve the desired local performance. To identify individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D), we selected and implemented T2D algorithms in a cohort of adults with any diabetes or pre-diabetes related diagnosis code, medication, or abnormal glucose-related laboratory test in the clinical data warehouse for UCHealth and the University of Colorado. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We included a total of 926,290 patients who were identified by initial filters. Patients were more likely to be female (53%), identify as non-Hispanic white (69%) and had a median age of 58 years (IQR: 41, 70). Implementation, extension, localization, & optimization through iterative chart review prioritized high sensitivity for all-cause diabetes and high specificity for T1D and T2D. Of the original cohort, 252,946 (27%) were identified by the all-cause diabetes algorithm. Of these 11,688 were identified as T1D and 135,588 as T2D. After optimization the all-cause diabetes algorithm had 88% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 74% positive predictive value (PPV), and 96% negative predictive value (NPV). Our algorithms for T1D and T2D had high specificity (100% and 99%, respectively) and PPV (100 and 96% respectively). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Developing computational phenotyping algorithms is expensive and time consuming, yet algorithm reuse is low due to a lack of practical approaches for reusing algorithms. We demonstrate application of a novel framework for algorithm reuse, yielding good alignment of algorithm performance with study goals for identifying individuals with diabetes.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The aim of this study was to define the transcription profiles of the molecular markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion/architecture, and the markers of mtDNA copy numbers in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from war veterans with/without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from war veterans with/without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were used to monitor transcription profile of the molecular markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion/architecture, as well as the markers of mtDNA copy numbers. The human male immortalized monocytes were exposed in vitro to hormonal markers of PTSD in order to monitor the effects of each particular hormonal marker on the molecular markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion/architecture, as well as the markers of mtDNA copy numbers. RQ-PCR analyses were used to define transcriptional profile of above mentioned markers. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The transcription profiles of above mentioned markers were disturbed, with high individual variability within the groups. A significant increase in the expression of the PPARGC1A transcript was observed in a group of subjects with current PTSD, as well as in the subjects with “life-time” PTSD, compared to healthy controls. PPARGC1B, NRF2 and MFN2 transcripts increased only in PBMCs of “life-time"-PTSD, while the level of transcripts for other investigated genes and the ratio of markers of mtDNA copy numbers showed no significant difference between groups. The in vitro results showed parallelism with the results obtained using the PBMCs from the subjects of the PTSD study. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Although preliminary (the analysis require a larger number of subjects), the results are first findings and a solid base for further extensive multidisciplinary research in order to clarify the molecular mechanisms for the prevention and treatment of trauma-induced pathological conditions.

The COVID-19 pandemic raised the importance of adaptive capacity and preparedness when engaging historically marginalized populations in research and practice. The Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics in Underserved Populations’ COVID-19 Equity Evidence Academy Series (RADx-UP EA) is a virtual, national, interactive conference model designed to support and engage community-academic partnerships in a collaborative effort to improve practices that overcome disparities in SARS-CoV-2 testing and testing technologies. The RADx-UP EA promotes information sharing, critical reflection and discussion, and creation of translatable strategies for health equity. Staff and faculty from the RADx-UP Coordination and Data Collection Center developed three EA events with diverse geographic, racial, and ethnic representation of attendees from RADx-UP community-academic project teams: February 2021 (n = 319); November 2021 (n = 242); and September 2022 (n = 254). Each EA event included a data profile; 2-day, virtual event; event summary report; community dissemination product; and an evaluation strategy. Operational and translational delivery processes were iteratively adapted for each EA across one or more of five adaptive capacity domains: assets, knowledge and learning, social organization, flexibility, and innovation. The RADx-UP EA model can be generalized beyond RADx-UP and tailored by community and academic input to respond to local or national health emergencies.

The Translational Science TS22 conference in Chicago in April 2022 was the first time post-pandemic that members of the Association of Clinical and Translational Science were able to meet up in person to share scientific advances. Given the remaining level of risk due to COVID-19, the meeting was designed as hybrid allowing virtual participation to some of the presentations. Prior to the meeting, JCTS Junior Editors were invited to report on the plenary sessions of the meeting. The present perspective constitutes a summary of three plenary sessions.

Housing is an environmental social determinant of health that is linked to mortality and clinical outcomes. We developed a lexicon of housing-related concepts and rule-based natural language processing methods for identifying these housing-related concepts within clinical text. We piloted our methods on several test cohorts: a synthetic cohort generated by ChatGPT for initial infrastructure testing, a cohort with substance use disorders (SUD), and a cohort diagnosed with problems related to housing and economic circumstances (HEC). Our methods successfully identified housing concepts in our ChatGPT notes (recall = 1.0, precision = 1.0), our SUD population (recall = 0.9798, precision = 0.9898), and our HEC population (recall = N/A, precision = 0.9160).

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: With a growing intеrеst in tailoring disеasе diagnosis to еach individual as opposеd to a “onе-sizе-fits-all” approach, our aim is to еnhancе thе robustnеss of thе Itеrativе Clustеring for Subtypе Discovеry (iKCAT) algorithm in charactеrizing lung cancеr subtypеs for individualizеd trеatmеnt. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Our mеthod еxplorеs thе robustnеss of thе prеviously dеvеlopеd iKCAT algorithm. This itеrativе clustеring mеthod finds robust—homogеnеous and diffеrеntiablе—subtypеs of lung nodulеs through itеrativе K-mеans clustеring that hеlps classify thеm and lеavеs somе data unclustеrеd. This sеt of unclustеrеd or “hard” data rеprеsеnts imagеs that cannot confidеntly bе assignеd to any subtypеs and may rеquirе morе rеsourcеs (е.g., timе or radiologists) to diagnosе. Wе еxplorе thе robustnеss of iKCAT across multiplе fеaturе spacеs, including dеsignеd imagе fеaturеs (which arе еnginееrеd to capturе somе propеrtiеs such as lеvеl of еlongation, еccеntricity and circularity), rеducеd dеsignеd imagе fеaturеs using Principal Componеnt Analysis (PCA) and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projеction (UMAP). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Whеn running our еxpеrimеnt on thе 64 imagе fеaturеs, our rеsults consistеntly carvеd out a singlе purе, homogеnеous clustеr ovеr thе coursе of 30 iKCAT runs. From an initial datasеt of 1490 data points, 1430 points wеrе lеft unclustеrеd in this fеaturе spacе. Whеn conducting thе 30 iKCAT runs on thе PCA fеaturе spacе with 10 componеnts, wе found it did not producе any distinct clustеr abovе thе dеfinеd homogеnеity thrеshold. Thе 2D UMAP fеaturе spacе consistеntly gеnеratеd 8 clustеrs with an avеragе homogеnеity of 87. 22% ovеr 30 runs, and only lеft 9 points unclustеrеd. Ovеr 30 iKCAT runs, wе idеntifiеd 8 pеrsistеnt clustеrs or subtypеs, 3 mostly malignant and 5 mostly bеnign clustеrs. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Through our еxpеrimеnt using thе iKCAT algorithm, wе found that iKCAT’s clustеring functionality producеd thе most pеrsistеnt rеsults on thе 2D UMAP fеaturе spacе duе to its high avеragе homogеnеity scorеs and consistеncy in idеntifying clustеrs/subtypеs, hеlping improvе tailorеd disеasе diagnosis.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Indiana CTSI Team Science to maximize rapid collection, analyses and dissemination of biosamples collected from patients with Covid-19 to provide preliminary data for grant applications on the pathogenesis and outcomes of patients with Covid-19. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: When Covid-19 hit Indiana in April, there was an immediate need to respond rapidly to coordinate research across our healthcare systems. The CTSI became a point of contact for coordinating research endeavors including activation of clinical trials and use of precious samples from patients with Covid-19 to maximize preliminary data for grants. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The Indiana CTSI coordinated collection of biospecimens at multiple hospitals using in person and remote consenting via telephone or on a smartphone utilizing a QR code. We also retrieved existing samples from the Indiana Biobank previously collected for future research and from subject positive for Covid-19 by search of the linked electronic health record (EHR). A total of 224 subject samples (7 children, 36 previously collected, and 6 with both acute and recovered specimens) were obtained over a four month period. Our CTSI cores ran varied analyses collated to a single database, linked to the EMR for use as preliminary data for grant applications to avoid redundancy of measures on limited samples. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The 224 subject samples were used for whole exome DNA sequencing, RNA seq, analyses of 48 plasma cytokine/chemokines by multiplex analyses, and PBMC isolated for culture and assessment of secreted cytokines. The clinical data were linked and included demographics, hospitalization length of stay and need for mechanical ventilation, max and min oxygen levels, liver function tests, IL-6, D-dimer, CRP, LDH, and ferritin, need for dialysis, and echocardiography. Additional clinical data were available upon request. A survey was sent to our CTSI email to query for potential interest in the data with 87 inquiries, and to date 46 investigators have requested data and/or additional samples. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: During the first surge of Covid-19, the CTSI coordinated analyses for the dissemination of results for use by CTSI investigators to minimize duplication of assays and increase availability. The collaboration of research coordinators, biobank, research cores, and informatics demonstrates the power and agility of team science in the Indiana CTSI.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The Title V Coop developed CRESCO, a physical and virtual space in the libraries of the two cooperating institutions. Adopting a flexible and transformational approach, it offers services to support the development of research and information skills of undergraduate students and faculty who receive clinical-translational research (CTR) training. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Since 2016, CRESCO has been staffed by a multidisciplinary team composed of three librarians, a statistician, an instructional designer, and an IT specialist. The physical facilities of the two libraries were remodeled and equipped, and a central portal was created to provide services and access to resources on a 7/24 basis. Online tutorials, workshops, and mentoring services have been offered that address topics in statistics, literature search, plagiarism, and the use of several research software. Services statistics are collected, and a questionnaire is administered to evaluate the workshops. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The main results include 12 online tutorials created in CTR areas and available in the CRESCO hub portal; 14,660 mentoring/consultations offered in statistics, the use of research-related software, and the search for scientific literature search; and 6 online workshops created in CTR areas, with 463 attendees. When evaluating online workshops, participants considered that their acquired learning was high or extremely high on the following topics: use of Intellectus Statistics (88%, n = 96); selection of statistical tests (81%, n = 92); use of Turnitin (85%, n = 76); literature search (91%, n = 58); and citations and references in Mendeley (90%, n = 67). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: These results suggest that the flexible, multidisciplinary, and transformational approach of CRESCO has been successful in helping undergraduate students and faculty develop the skills necessary to conduct CTR projects.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The purpose of this group is to foster professional and personal growth as leaders, provide peer mentoring, integrate the roles of scientist, woman, and mother, and build a self-sustaining network of peers for ongoing support throughout their careers in an academic setting. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: - Study population: 12 Health sciences research faculty (50% protected research time); identify as female; mother of school-age and/or younger children Methods: Year-long program; including a 2-day retreat based on Brene Brown's Dare to Lead RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: - Despite the pandemic, 100% of participants continued in the program over the one-year duration and met the attendance requirement of 75% - Screening for burnout was effective - facilitator was able to intervene when severe burnout was noted.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Multiple Organ Failure, often precipitated by Acute Lung Injury, is a life-threatening condition that causes death in military and civilian life. Furthermore, Acute Kidney Injury is very common, increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, understanding the molecular difference between survivors and non-survivors is urgently needed. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A 24-hour unilateral pulmonary contusion porcine model (pneumonectomy) of trauma-induced Multiple Organ Failure (MOF) model (n=17) and separate 48-hour polytrauma injury of bilateral pulmonary contusion, traumatic brain injury, and hemorrhage (polytrauma) MOF model (n=26) was developed at Dr. Batchinsky's AREVA laboratory. Serum was assayed at baseline and 3h or 6h post-trauma for amino acid metabolites using the Zip-Chip platform for mass spectrometry. The IDO1 enzyme activity assay kit (ab235936) was used to measure IDO1 enzyme activity in the tissue. Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) was employed to frozen kidney tissues. Tissues were sectioned to 10- micron thickness. For MSI, the DAN matrix was utilized, and MALDI-MSI images were processed and obtained from METASPACE and SCILS software. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In the pneumonectomy model, 10 survived, 7 died, and in the polytrauma group, 13 survived, and 13 died. In the pneumonectomy model, there was a significant increase in the serum kynurenine/tryptophan (KYN/TRP) ratio in the non-survivors 3h post-injury. A similar pattern was found in the validation group, which showed a significant increase in the KYN/TRP ratio at 6h post-trauma in non-survivors from the polytrauma model. There was a significant increase in IDO1 enzyme activity in non-survivor kidney tissues and a downregulation of tryptophan (TRP) metabolite in the kidney section in the non-survivor group post-trauma. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: An increase in the KYN/TRP ratio post-trauma identified the pigs that suffered early mortality. A decrease in TRP metabolite and an increase in IDO1 enzyme activity in the kidney could contribute to an increase in KYN in the non-survivors. As a result, focusing on therapeutics targeting the KYN/TRP to reduce the incidence and severity of MOF is warranted.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is gaining popularity in a variety of disciplines. While clinical applications for AI have increased in recent years, the use of AI in pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) is limited. The goal of this systematic review was to assess how AI is currently used in this patient population and to describe knowledge gaps. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A systematic search was performed up to July 2023 using PubMed and Scopus databases and revealed 814 articles. Upon initial screening, 161 duplicates, 76 non-AI articles, and an additional 318 irrelevant articles were removed. A total of 259 full-text articles were reviewed for relevance. Articles that did not include a retrospective or prospective review of human subject data were excluded. Articles that had only results in the adult, prenatal, or non-CHD population were excluded. The remaining 68 articles were included in this review. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Of the 68 articles in this review, 19 were performed within cardiac surgery, 41 were within cardiology, and the remaining 8 included articles were combined cardiac surgery and cardiology. Upon initial review, 24 used AI for diagnostic purposes, 40 for predicting survival or adverse outcomes, 2 for developing training tools, and 2 for surveillance of CHD trends. We anticipate that upon further review of these 68 articles, there will be a wide variety in the types of AI models that were used. The results will reveal a multitude of challenges and limitations that future studies will need to further address. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: While technical innovations in pediatric CHD have dramatically improved survival rates, we have hit a plateau in improving the complications of these patients. AI has created an opportunity to build new diagnostic, predictive, teaching, and surveillance tools for advancing CHD care, but it seems we still have a long way to go.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our preclinical data demonstrate that the principal effects of nilotinib, a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in models of neurodegeneration is clearance of misfolded proteins via autophagy. Here we aimed to evaluate the effects of nilotinib on microRNAs in the cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson’s disease patients. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected as part of an open label phase I (NCT02281474) (n = 12, 300 mg nilotinib taken orally once daily for 6 months), and a phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (NCT02954978) (n = 75, randomized 1:1:1 into placebo, 150 mg or 300 mg nilotinib taken orally once daily for 12 months). RNA was isolated from CSF and Indexed sequencing libraries were prepared from total RNA plus miRNA. Next generation whole-genome sequencing (single-end 1x75 bp, 25 million raw reads per sample) was performed to identify miRNAs significantly differentially expressed (fold-change ≥ 2, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR p-value ≤ 0.05 or Empirical Bayes FDR ≤ 0.05) with treatment compared to baseline. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Next generation whole-genome sequencing of microRNAs in the CSF demonstrated that nilotinib significantly increases microRNAs that specifically regulate expression of autophagy and ubiquitination genes in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. In the open label phase I, samples, 28 microRNAs found to regulate autophagy and ubiquitination genes, were significantly altered with treatment (Benjamini-Hochberg FDR p-value ≤ 0.05). In the phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study samples, we verified several of those 28 candidate microRNAs had been significantly deferentially expressed with treatment (Empirical Bayes FDR p-value ≤ 0.05). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Our data provide robust evidence that nilotinib’s effects on misfolded protein clearance is via autophagy and CSF miRNA sequencing is a valid biomarker of nilotinib’s effects in a definitive phase III study to investigate nilotinib in Parkinson’s and other neurodegenerative diseases. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: Charbel Moussa is listed as an inventor on several Georgetown University patents for the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as a treatment for neurodegenerative diseases

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This study highlights the importance of creatine in developmental myelination and remyelination to investigate whether creatine provides a therapeutic value during a central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating insult with a potential value in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Creatine is vital for ATP buffering in the brain. Interestingly, the cells that generate myelin express the main enzyme for creatine synthesis, Gamt. Patients with Gamt mutations display intellectual delays and impaired myelination. Therefore, we hypothesize that creatine is essential for developmental myelination and improves remyelination. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: To investigate these hypotheses, we developed a new transgenic mouse model with LoxP sites flanking exons 2-6 of the guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (Gamt) gene where excision leads to expression of a green fluorescent tag allowing us to track the cells normally expressing Gamt. We used immunohistochemistry techniques to look at the corpus callosum, the main white matter tract in the brain, and evaluate the number of oligodendrocytes (OL), glial cells responsible for generating myelin. We also used the cuprizone model of toxic demyelination to investigate whether dietary creatine and cyclocreatine, a planar analog of creatine that more efficiently crosses the blood-brain barrier, can enhance remyelination. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In this mouse model, we show a 95% (+/-0.47%, n=3) co-localization of Gamt within mature OL during postnatal (P) day P14 with no co-localization in neurons or other glial cells. This suggests that mature OL are the main cells making creatine in the CNS. Next, we show that knocking out Gamt leads to a significant reduction in OL in the developing corpus callosum, at P14 and P21 (P14: 0.007, n=3; P21: 0.04, n=3). We also show that creatine supplementation causes a trending increase in mature OL density in the corpus callosum following cuprizone demyelination (2% creatine; p=0.052; n=4). Interestingly, cyclocreatine supplementation significantly increased mature OL density in the corpus callosum following cuprizone demyelination (0.1% cyclocreatine; p=0.034; n=4). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: These studies highlight the important role creatine plays in developmental myelination and remyelination to investigate whether creatine and cyclocreatine provide a therapeutic value during a CNS demyelinating insult. This work investigates a potential therapeutic value of creatine to patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Black patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receive fewer curative therapies and have higher mortality than other groups. Reducing this disparity will require an in-depth understanding of patient comorbidities, tumor characteristics, and social determinants of health. Our objectives are to a) perform a multi-center retrospective cohort study of black and white patients diagnosed with HCC in the Indianapolis area. b) prospectively enroll black and white patients with HCC to collect clinical characteristics as well as data on the social determinants of health. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A retrospective chart review of patients with a diagnosis of HCC from 2010-2017 from five area Indianapolis hospitals will be performed. Demographics, comorbidities, liver disease severity, and tumor characteristics will be collected using the Indiana Network for Patient Care database and compared between black and white patients. Concomitantly, a prospective cohort of black and white patients will be enrolled and surveyed to collect data on socioeconomic status and income adequacy, literacy, functional status, substance abuse history, social support, activation, and adherence. The primary outcomes are the receipt of curative therapies for HCC including liver transplantation, resection or ablation. The secondary outcome is mortality. Multivariable logistic regression models will be used to explore disparities seen in the primary and secondary outcomes. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: These preliminary results include Indiana University Hospital (IUH) findings; a multicenter analysis is underway. The IUH cohort included 1,032 (86%) white and 164 (14%) black patients. Black and white patients had similar Model for End-Stage Liver Disease and Child-Pugh scores. There was a trend toward larger tumor size (5.3 cm vs. 4.7 cm; P = 0.05) in black patients; however, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging and Milan criteria were similar. Black patients were less likely to undergo liver transplantation than white patients—a disparity that was not attenuated (odds ratio [OR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21-0.90) on multivariable analysis. Substance abuse was more frequently cited as the reason black patients within Milan criteria failed to undergo transplantation than white patients. Survival was similar between the two groups. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Racial differences in patient and tumor characteristics were small in our single center analysis and did not explain the disparity in liver transplantation. This analysis however only reflects 25% of patients diagnosed with HCC in the Indianapolis metropolitan, highlighting the need for a multicenter study. Higher rates of substance abuse in black patients within Milan criteria who failed to undergo transplantation suggest social factors contribute to this disparity and highlight the need for a prospective study that can explore these and other social factors.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Characterizing and analyzing research studies presents several challenges given the various ways studies may be labeled or organized. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) thesaurus is a hierarchical vocabulary that can index and organize research foci using common business intelligence tools to enable rapid exploration of research portfolios. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Metadata from ClinicalTrials.gov on 455,437 trials were downloaded and all MeSH terms associated with trials in the condition_browse section were loaded into a database. The corresponding MeSH trees for each term were then identified and mapped to their ancestor terms within the tree. Trials were then indexed based on top four hierarchical levels for each associated MeSH term. Trials performed at the University of Miami (UM) were identified based on locations associated with the trial as well as matching National Clinical Trial (NCT) numbers identified from internal research administration systems. Business intelligence software (Microsoft PowerBI) was applied to the corresponding dataset to enable end user exploration and analysis of the trials within ClinicalTrials.gov. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: A total of 3,271 studies associated with UM were identified, of which, 3,054 (93.3%) had at least one condition MeSH term linked. A total of 7,711 MeSH terms were associated with the trials overall, representing 1,112 unique MeSH terms; the most common terms were carcinoma (164), lymphoma (155), HIV Infections (139), neoplasms (136), and leukemia (122). Utilizing MeSH hierarchy, trials were characterized were categorized into 36 different trees. The most common top tree nodes were neoplasms (1,181), followed by pathological conditions/signs and symptoms (913), immune system diseases (574), nervous system diseases (513), and digestive system diseases (483). Within trees, a total of 184, 681, and 1057 different MeSH terms were specified at the second, third, and fourth nodes in the hierarchy respectively. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Utilizing existing metadata from trials posted on ClinicalTrials.gov and MeSH tree structures can enable organizations to readily explore the foci of clinical trials research. High rates of MeSH term association to research study conditions are necessary to ensure adequate representation of research foci.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Diversity and interdisciplinarity are required for successful and transformational CTR. The Title V Coop developed a training curriculum for underrepresented in CTR health professions faculty and students, successfully integrating them in CTR teams. The curriculum exposed students to theory and then a practicum. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The curriculum and practicum included basic aspects of training in research including responsible conduct of research and the design of a proposal. The practicum focused on the organizing of a research team identified as a Clinical and Translational Mentoring Team (CTMT) and the implementation of the proposed project. Emphasis was placed on the importance of the mentor-mentee relationship, including peer mentoring. Participants were recruited from across all post-secondary institutions in Puerto Rico emphasizing the participation of faculty(UgF) and students (UgS) from undergraduate programs in health professions and the participation of graduate students GS) as peer mentors. Research mentors for each of the CTMTs were selected from faculty members that are established researchers. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Twenty-seven (27) proposals from the CTMTs were approved. A total of one hundred and eight (108) participants were or are still engaged in the proposed research. Thirty-four faculty (34) members participated as mentors and three (3) peer reviewed publications have been done. Health professions and science fields represented by the participants include: Nursing, radiology technician, audiologist, medical students, basic science in biology or chemistry, public health and industrial microbiology among others. We will showcase the diversity in research topics and teams composition and their accomplishments. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The Title V Coop has been successful in integrating individuals from academic programs underrepresented in research into interdisciplinary and interprofessional research teams, launching a model for diversity and interdisciplinarity and representation of health professionals at all levels of research.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our long term goal is to identify the socioeconomic and cancer-specific determinants in patients with prostate cancer undergoing prostatectomy that impact their ability to maintain a healthy weight. This study explores the association between participants’health determinants and their indicated degree of self-efficacy and quality of life (QoL). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Study population includes participants of the WARRIOR trial (n=40), which included overweight men scheduled radical prostatectomy from the University of Kansas Medical Center. In addition to baseline demographics, the study team will administer a questionnaire based on a socioeconomic position and health-related QoL framework. This questionnaire will assess participants' socioeconomic, cancer-specific, and psychological circumstances at time of surgery and present day. Univariate analyses will be conducted on all variables with bivariate analyses between socioeconomic and clinical items to the outcome of composite self-efficacy scoring. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate that participants in the intervention will report higher self-efficacy and emotional/social support than participants in the control group, participants with social vulnerability (lower income, marginalized race/ethnicity, etc) will report decreased self efficacy and poorer QoL compared with participants who are not socially vulnerable, and that participants who previously indicated social vulnerability will report more emotional barriers to weight loss, and lesser weight loss satisfaction, self-esteem, and QoL. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Lifestyle interventions have helped prostate cancer patients lose weight before surgery, but many regain weight. Exploring perceptions of self efficacy as well as learning more about what structural and systemic barriers affect self efficacy is important to inform how to improve our approach for sustained weight loss and health behavior changes.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Engaging patients and consumers in research is a complex process where innovative strategies are needed to effectively translate scientific discoveries into improvements in the public’s health (Wilkins et. al., 2013; Terry et. al., 2013). The Clinical Translational Science Awards (CTSA)—supported by the National Institute of Health (NIH) under the auspices of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)—aim to provide resources and support needed to strengthen our nation’s clinical and translational research (CTR) enterprise. In 2008, Stanford University was awarded a CTSA from the NIH, establishing Spectrum (Stanford Center for Clinical and Translational Research and Education) and its Community Engagement (CE) Program aimed at building long-standing community-academic research partnerships for translational research in the local area surrounding Stanford University. To date, the CE Pilot Program has funded 38 pilot projects from the 2009-2017 calendar year. The purpose of this study was to understand, through a unique pilot program, the barriers, challenges, and facilitators to community-engaged research targeting health disparities as well as community-academic partnerships. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Investigators conducted a qualitative study of the community engagement pilot program. Previous pilot awardees were recruited via email and phone to participate in a one-hour focus group to discuss their pilot project experience—describing any barriers, challenges, and facilitators to implementing their pilot project. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The focus group revealed that community engage research through the pilot program was not only appreciated by faculty, but projects were successful, and partnerships developed were sustained after funding. Specifically, the pilot program has seen success in both traditional and capacity building metrics: the initial investment of $652,250.00 to fund 38 projects has led to over $11 million dollars in additional grant funding. In addition, pilot funding has led to peer-reviewed publications, data resources for theses and dissertations, local and national presentations/news articles, programmatic innovation, and community-level impact. Challenges and barriers were mainly related to timing, grant constraints, and university administrative processes. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The Community Engagement Pilot Program demonstrates an innovative collaborative approach to support community-academic partnerships. This assessment highlights the value and importance of pilot program to increase community engaged research targeting health disparities. Challenges are mainly administrative in nature: pilot awardees mentioned difficulties working on university quarterly timelines, challenges of subcontracting or sharing money with community partners, onerous NIH prior approval process, and limitations to carryover funding. However, pilot grants administered through the program strengthen the capacity to develop larger scale community-based research initiatives.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: People living with HIV, despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), have increased burden of inflammatory and aging-related comorbidities such as periodontitis. Oral microbiota have been linked to periodontitis, but not in the context of HIV. We aim to compare relationships between the oral microbiome and periodontal disease in HIV+ vs healthy controls. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In an ongoing cohort study we have been recruiting pre- and post-menopausal women with HIV+ on ART for ≥6 months and HIV- controls matched by menopausal status (target n = 30 per arm; currently HIV+: n = 30 post- and 9 pre-M; HIV-: n = 15 post- and 6 pre-M). Patients age <18 or on antibiotics within 3 mos., except prophylaxis, are excluded. Patients provide saliva, then subgingival plaque collection during a dental examination through scaling from six index teeth. Standard CDC/AAP classifications of periodontitis are used. We will perform 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing to profile bacterial and fungal communities in saliva and plaque. Linear mixed effect regression and differential abundance analyses will be used to identify microbial and mycobial oral signatures of periodontal disease severity in HIV+ and HIV- populations. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We found a markedly high prevalence of severe periodontal disease in HIV+ women despite ART (59%, compared to 11% in HIV- controls). In post-menopausal women with HIV, saliva bacterial α- and β-diversity in the saliva differed significantly with periodontal disease severity. Fungal α-diversity was also significantly lower in plaque from teeth with severe loss of tissue attachment (CAL ≥4 mm). We identified bacterial and fungal taxa significantly enriched in post-menopausal HIV+ women with severe compared to no or mild periodontitis. We hypothesize, similarly, associations between the oral microbiome and periodontitis in HIV- controls. However, we expect overall diversity metrics to be significantly altered in HIV+ compared to HIV- patients, indicating long-term dysbiosis despite treatment with ART. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Contrasting associations between the oral microbiome and periodontal disease with respect to HIV will provide evidence for the role of microbiota in accelerated aging phenotype caused by HIV. Our results would also provide rationale for interventions targeting co-morbidities in people living with HIV to account for both inflammation and dysbiosis.