The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an enormous challenge to the mental health of the population with probable differentiated profiles for men and women, although not all studies are consistent. While women are likely to have endured greater loads of stress associated with an increased incidence of mental disorders such as depression, men have been able to abuse alcohol and other drugs more, in addition to complying with prevention recommendations to a lesser extent. As soon as the COVID pandemic began, we began a clinical trial to enhance first-line treatments with three complementary interventions with patients with Major Depression (MD), which has allowed us to analyze differences in response according to gender.

As a secondary analysis of a clinical trial, the aim of the current study was to address the relative different efficacy between genders of three psychotherapeutic approaches in the context of MD.

This study was a secondary analysis of a pragmatic parallel randomized controlled clinical trial that was composed of three arms (Minimal Lifestyle Intervention, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, and Lifestyle Modification Program). We recruited 94 individuals (24 men and 70 women) from the Primary Healthcare Centers of the Balearic Islands region in Spain who were currently experiencing an episode of MD. Descriptive and univariate analyses were used to examine between-group differences in sociodemographic and clinical data between the two genders. General Linear Modelling (specifically, repeated measures ANOVA) was performed to compare the effect of gender on the evolution of depressive symptoms (measured by BDI-II).

Significant between-group differences were observed for the evolution of depressive symptoms after controlling for the intervention group and age. These results suggested that being a woman was significantly related to a worse evolution of depressive symptoms. This association implies a large effect size.

The COVID 19 pandemic has not only been able to predispose women to Depression to a greater extent, but it is also possible that it has negatively conditioned their response to antidepressant therapies compared to men. However, our data suggest the possibility that greater psychological support could help prevent this situation.

None Declared

In this research the Paris School (I.P.S.O.), by P. Marty, is chosen as the theoretical and clinical basis of Psychosomatics. We work with the degree of mentalization (good, bad and uncertain) -obtained through Marty’s Psychosomatic Classification-, as a previous diagnosis and prognosis of 120 infertile women undergoing treatment at the Assisted Reproduction Unit (ARU) at Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre in Madrid.

a) To analyse the statistical coincidence between female infertility, stress and alexithymia syndrome. b) To verify the differences between psychosomatic disorders and other somatoform symptoms and syndromes (conversive and hypochondriac). c) To test the following hypothesis: subjects whose degree of mentalization is deficient, present high degree of alexithymia and stress.

120 infertile women undergoing treatment with Assisted Reproduction Techniques were examined by means of psychodiagnostic tests.

Diagnostic tools: P. Mary’s Psychosomatic Classification (P.C.) (semi-structured interview), as a means of diagnosing the degree of mentalization; T.A.S. (Toronto Alexithymia Scale); Battery of stress measurement questionnaires (H.A.D., PANAS. IRE, MCMQ).

The correlation of coincidence between the results of C.P. and the different Alexithymia and Stress questionnaires with the independent variable (success or failure of pregnancy in the selected subjects) has been studied, applying Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient.

With respect to what was obtained in the Psychosomatic Classification:

- T.A.S. questionnaire yields a coefficient of [-0.48]. Therefore, there is a negative correlation between the degree of mentalization and the presence of alexithymia; in other words, as the degree of mentalization increases, the degree of alexithymia decreases and vice versa;

- There is positive correlation [0.39] between the results of Mentalization (Psychosomatic Classification) and the degree of stress; therefore, the existence of stress does not prevent better mentalization.

The present research concludes: a) that people at risk for psychosomatic disorders have high scores on “alexithymia”; b) that patients at high risk for psychosomatic disorders do not necessarily suffer from “stress” situations; c) that there are many indicators in behavior and psychological functioning that differentiate psychosomatic disorders from conversive and hypochondriac disorders - both in their etiology and their development; d) there is a statistical correlation between female infertility and alexithymia; e) there is no statistical correlation between female infertility and stress.

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Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a severe form of the premenstrual syndrome (PMS), negatively impacts women’s quality of life, including physical and mental aspects. Difficulties in emotion regulation, more prevalent among women with PMDD, are also associated with poor quality of life.

To determine whether the negative impact of premenstrual symptoms on quality of life is partially explained by emotional dysregulation.

A total of 112 women completed self-report questionnaires, including a demographic questionnaire, the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST), Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36), and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). To test the mediation hypothesis, direct and indirect effects of premenstrual symptoms on quality of life were calculated.

Quality of life was impaired in the PMS/PMDD group compared to controls. The PMS/PMDD group showed significantly greater emotion regulation difficulties as compared to the No/mild PMS group. Emotion regulation difficulties partially mediates the relationship between premenstrual symptoms and quality of life, for both SF-36 total score and mental subscale, but not for physical subscale.

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Emotion regulation difficulties could be a possible target for interventions that could improve the quality of life among women who experience premenstrual symptoms.

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The sudden and large-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine has caused significant stress not only in Ukrainians but also in citizens of countries which have received the largest numbers of refugees.

The aim of the current study was to identify stress, resilience, and self-efficacy levels, as well as to examine the relationships between these variables, in a sample of women from Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia, and Romania during the third month of Russian aggression on Ukraine.

The study involved measuring a sample of Ukrainian (N = 82), Polish (N = 102), Slovak (N = 79), and Romanian (N = 42) women using the Perception of Stress Questionnaire, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale in May 2022.

The results showed that during the third month of Russian aggression on Ukraine, stress levels and its components (emotional tension, external stress, and intrapsychic stress) were the highest among Ukrainian women and the lowest among Polish women. The sense of self-efficacy was the lowest among Ukrainian women and highest among Polish women, while resilience was the lowest among Ukrainian women and the highest among Slovak women.

Women from Ukraine reported being in the worst mental state compared to the rest of the sample. Moreover, a path analysis of the measured variables points to a multifaceted relationship between stress, resilience, and self-efficacy among women from Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia, and Romania during the third month of the Russian invasion.

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The epidemiology of psychiatric disorders of the perinatal period and their mainly thymic dimension are now well established. However, the underlying physiopathology remains uncertain and poorly explored.

The purpose of this presentation is to explore the current knowledge in terms of neurobiology/neuroimaging underlying the modifications in maternal brain functioning and the links with perinatal psychiatric disorders.

A narrative review of the current international literature was carried out.

Results of the current studies suggest that during pregnancy and the postpartum period, hormones and sensory interactions with the offspring relate to complex structural and functional changes in the brain. This reproduction-related brain plasticity embraces various areas implicated in maternal caregiving, primarily regions involved in reward/motivation, salience/threat detection, emotional regulation, and social cognition such as the ability to empathize and infer the mental state of the baby. Some structural irregularities and differences in activation patterns potentially involved in the triggering of disorders are starting to be identified.

The survival of newborns is largely dependent on the mother, and her brain appears to have evolved to support mother-infant bonding and sensitive care. Brain research offers a growing scientific understanding of the neural correlates of these disorders and opens a window to their prevention and treatment.

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IPV is a public health issue that is often linked to depression. Parity has often been mentioned as a protective factor against depression and suicide attempts. Despite this, parity in Latin America may not be related to positive outcomes for victims suffering from IPV as the stress of taking care of the children can result in a burden and worsen the symptoms of depression for the victim.

Determine the impact of Parity in victims suffering from IPV and Depression.

A descriptive observational study was conducted, at the main Gender Violence Prosecutor’s office: Florida, Guayaquil-Ecuador. UCSG pre-medical students collected the information using Beck test for Depression. The total sample was 239: 195 women, 44 men. It was classified by groups, gender, marital status, children and severity of depression.

The data analyzed showed a higher percentage of Depression from IPV when parity is present.

Severe Depression: Women with children 57 (29%), 8 men with children (18%). Women without children 22 (11%), men without children 6 (14%).

Moderate depression: Women with children 28 (14%), 4 men with children (9%). Women without children 5 (3%), men without children 2 (5%).

Mild Depression. Women with children 25 (13%), 7 men with children (16%). Women without children 6 (3%), men without children 2 (5%).

Although some studies report having children as a protective factor in depression, this did not happen in this study. Financial violence is very common, so the mother does not receive any economic support from the father and has to take care of the children on her own. Social and hormonal factors also play a role, especially in women as they have more children. We believe that mental health clinicians should pay more attention to victims of IPV who have several children, especially in Latin America.

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Every pregnancy and birth is unique, and despite this, few studies exist on the condition of pregnant women with mental disorders.

This study analyzes the impact of prevalent mental disorders in pregnant women to determine which clinical or socio-demographic characteristics significantly impact pregnancy.

This retrospective and naturalistic cohort study is based on the medical records of 99 patients managed in a university hospital. All patients had an ICD-10 mental disorder (psychiatric and/or substance use disorders) diagnosed before pregnancy.

Only 24.2% of the pregnant women had no adverse outcomes throughout pregnancy, labor, and delivery. The remaining mothers had violence issues, and mothers with psychotrauma were likelier to have stillborn babies. Pregnant women with mental disorders were less keen to screen for Down’s syndrome and more likely to have artificial delivery in case of comorbid drug addiction and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Anonymous birth and placement of newborns were related to substance abuse and pre-pregnancy AUD comorbidities or AUD alone before pregnancy. Besides, four clinical characteristics were found to be predictive of adverse pregnancy outcomes: young maternal age (β=-1,15,p<.03), late-term first contact with the maternity hospital (β=0.08,p<.02), advanced term of delivery (β=4.01,p<.03), and a history of psychiatric disorders associated with an AUD but without smoking before pregnancy (β=-1,07,p<.03). Despite all, pregnant women had a relatively sustained follow-up of their pregnancies.

Mental disorders have a negative impact on pregnancy. More studies should be promoted to raise the attention of professionals to manage and improve women’s pregnancy and motherhood with psychiatric conditions.

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Breast cancer is the most frequently encountered malignant tumor among women in Tunisia and in the world. The quality of sexual life of patients with breast cancer is impaired by multifactorial mechanisms.

The aim of our study was to determine the factors associated with sexual disorders in patients followed for breast cancer.

Cross-sectional analytic study including patients followed for breast cancer at the outpatient medical oncology consultation of Hadj Ali Soua regional hospital from January to March 2021. We collected sociodemographic and clinical data with an assessment of sexuality (FSFI), marital satisfaction (MAT), psychological profile (HAD) and quality of life (SF36).

Fifteen patients were included with a mean age of 49.87 ± 8.48 years and a mean age at diagnosis of 46.73 ± 7.55 years. At the TNM classification, 66.6% of the patients had a T1 or T2 at the time of diagnosis and 80% had an N0. All patients received a surgical intervention, which was conservative in 53.3% of cases. No patient underwent breast reconstruction. Chemotherapy and hormone therapy were prescribed in 86.7% of patients. The mean score of the FSFI questionnaire in our study was 17.25. Eleven patients (73.3%) had an FSFI score below 26.55. We found negative correlations between age and FSFI score (r=-0.622; p=0.013). We noted statistically significant negative correlations between FSFI and HAD-D (r=-0.606; p=0.017) and FSFI and HAD-a (r=-0.707; p=0.01) as well as significant correlations between FSFI and the following items: RE (r=0.84p=0.000), SF (r=0.684 p=0.005), GH (r=0.671 p=0.006) and MCS (r=0.788 p=0.000).

Focusing on a small sample of patients followed for breast cancer, our study provides an assessment of the sexual function in its various areas and shows how sexuality is deeply intertwined with other sections of medical management.

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Pregnancy is an important life event, involving body and mind transformation as well as brain reorganization. ADHD dimension is an additional aggravating factor, albeit poorly studied in the literature, in patients with mental health disorders in the peripartum.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation among ADHD dimension, trauma in childhood, and anxiety-depressive symptomatology to assess whether the ADHD dimension may affect the quality of life of peripartum patients, and to identify vulnerability factors and self-harm risk.

The sample included 74 women aged 21-46 years, recruited from Sant’Andrea Hospital in Rome between 2015 and 2019. All recruited women were administered the following scales: Adult ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS); Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Statistical analysis was performed by Pearson’s correlation with SPSS software to verify the presence of linear relationships (p<0.05) among theADHD dimension, assessed by the ASRS scale, and the other psychopathological dimensions.

The sample was divided into two groups depending on the results of ASRS: 26 patients were positive for at least one of the ASRS scale items, while 48 patients were negative. The groups did not statistically differ in socio-demographic variables examined. The medium score at EPDS was 15,11 (± 8,43). It was found that the severity of ADHD dimension directly correlated with the duration of mental symptoms in peripartum (r=0.324;p=0.013), with the total CTQ scale score (r=0.342; p=0.004), with emotional abuse detected by CTQ (r=0.415; p<0.001), with emotional neglect detected by CTQ (r=0.291; p=0.014) and with perceived stress detected by PSS scale (r=0.456; p<0.001). Furthermore, we identified a correlation between self-injurious ideation and ADHD symptomatology (r=0.269; p =0.049) evaluating the item 10 of EPDS.

The severity of ADHD traits directly correlates with the symptomatology and duration of mental disorder in peripartum. Specifically, ADHD patients who develop anxious-depressive symptoms are more likely to have experienced emotional abuse and emotional neglect in childhood.

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Violence against women constitutes a social and health problem, exploring the impact that this can generate on mental health is an indispensable resource for the development of intervention and prevention strategies, primarily in one of the regions with the highest report of femicides in Colombia, such as Magdalena.

To evaluate the association between violence and anxiety and depression problems in women living in the Magdalena region, Colombia.

The study was quantitative, exploratory and by convenience, with face-to-face application and by web platform. The sample consisted of 375 women residents (x̄=32; sd=13) in the Magdalena region -Colombia. Psychometric tests adapted and validated in Colombia and Mexico were applied, with Cronbach’s alpha values between .81 and .95, to evaluate anxiety (Self-Rating Anxiety Scale by Zung, 1971, adapted by Rodríguez et al, 2020), depression (Abbreviated Scale of the Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression-10. by Radloff, 1977, abbreviated and validated by Rueda-Jaimes et al., 2009), and violence (Suffered and Exercised Partner Violence Questionnaire by De la Rubia and Sandra, 2015). In the data analysis, a nonparametric distribution was identified. Spearman was used to estimate correlations and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify intergroup variance.

Of the total sample, 40.3% showed medium depression, 67.5% showed low anxiety, 3.2% showed a high degree of suffered violence and 2.9% showed a high degree of exercised violence.Significant positive correlations were found between violence, anxiety and depression, as well as between violence, anxiety and depression (see Figure 1). Significant differences were also found between the variables (see Figure 2).

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The results allow us to conclude that violence against women may be associated with anxiety and depression problems in this population, which allows us to explore this phenomenon from a public health perspective. This also allows us to contemplate the importance of devoting greater efforts to its prevention. Credit is given to project BPIN 2020000100758: Development of an Integrated Technological System for the promotion of mental health, psychosocial and socioemotional problems and prevention of gender violence caused by the COVID19 pandemic in the Magdalena region, and to Universidad del Magdalena for their support and funding.

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As one of the most basic social institutions, the family plays an important role in different periods of people’s lives. One of these periods, which are usually associated with a crisis and change in the physical and mental conditions of women, is menopause, which requires the provision of suitable conditions for transition, especially in the family.

the purpose of this research is to study the role of interactions within the family in the psychological well-being of postmenopausal women.

To achieve this goal, qualitative content analysis method has been used. The main question of this research is how do family interactions play a role in the life of postmenopausal women? The participants of this research were 15 menopausal women aged 45 to 60 years old in Shiraz (Iran) who were selected using the purposeful sampling method. Data were collected, coded and analyzed using in-depth and semi-structured interviews. In order to achieve the accuracy and reliability of the data, Guba and Lincoln reliability criteria have been used.

The analysis of the interviews of the participants in this research led to the extraction of 6 subcategories included, “mental rumination in sexual relations”, “changes in marital intimacy”, “insufficient interactions in the family”, “resistant normative femininity and motherhood”, “fear of aging”, “female shame and taboo”, and the two main categories included “lack of awareness as a relationship parasite” and “destructive resistance”.

The findings of the research indicate that the family members’ lack of knowledge about this period and the prevailing culture of female shame and the taboo of women’s bodies make the family unable to provide the necessary support to menopausal women. On the other hand, keeping menopause a secret and emphasizing on maintaining pre-menopausal conditions by women is a destructive resistance that ultimately leads to psychological damage to them. Therefore, it is suggested that in addition to holding training programs for women in order to enter and face this period properly, trainings should also be considered for other family members and especially husbands (men). It seems that family members can play an effective role in various stages of menopause, including preparation and psychological adaptation of women by receiving correct training.

None Declared

Peripartum period is a risky period for mental ill health among women. Biologically endocrinal changes, pregnancy complications, and lack of sleep due to childcare may increase psychopathology. From a social perspective, there is a role translation from women into mother, which is highly demanding. Moreover, the psychological approach underlines interpersonal relationships during the peripartum period. Even though the clinical focus is on postpartum depression, research shows its roots in pregnancy depression.

The present study aims to detect predisposing factors to pregnancy depression.

One hundred-six pregnant women admitted to Salesi Pediatric Hospital of Ancona, participated in the study between April 2021- February 2022. Participants completed the sociodemographic form and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). EPDS scores higher than or equal to 9 are considered psychometric depression.

The mean age of participants were 33.30 ± 4.64. Most were Italian (97.2%) and cohabiting/married (97.2%). Almost half of the participants were university graduates (50.9%). 84% were employed. The pregnant women were predominantly in the third trimester (71.7%). 58.5% had no children before. No participants were using alcohol or drugs. Pregnancy depression was 13.2% prevalent (See Table 1). Table 2 summarizes binary logistic regression analysis: Higher age, gestational comorbidity, and pregnant women’s and their partner’s psychiatric disorder history predicted depressive symptoms above the threshold.

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Our study reveals well-known risk factors for pregnancy depression and a new finding: expectant fathers’ mental health history predicts actual depressive symptomatology in pregnant women. Fathers should be included in perinatal mental health care. Prevention programs targeting peripartum depression should cover fathers’ mental health.

None Declared

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a great toll on world population in the last 2 years across different groups. Women in pregnancy and in the perinatal period are especially vulnerable to sources of stress, with repercussions on their own mental health and on the wellness of the newborn.

We aimed at assessing the impact of COVID-19 related stress on women’s psychosocial status and evaluate the potential development of anxiety or depressive symptoms in our cohort.

From March 2020 to November 2020, our hospital was appointed as an HUB for treating pregnant women positive for Sars-CoV-2 infection. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and patients were delivered different self-report psychometric tests such as the GHQ-12, CD-RS, MSPSS, UCLA-8, ISI, IES-6 and DASS-21. We identified two main types of stressors in our population. Being diagnosed with a pregnancy complication, having an ectopic pregnancy or a spontaneous abortion were identified as pregnancy-related stressors. On the other hand, infections or deaths among partners or relatives were defined as covid-related stressors. Scale scores were compared considering main sociodemographic data and possible stressors, both pregnancy-related and covid-related, that may affect women’s mental health. Fisher exact test, Chi square Test and Student’s T test were used when appropriate.

Among 98 women with complete data at baseline, 21,3% suffered from at least mild anxiety, 21% suffered from at least mild depression, and 41% experienced at least mild stress according to the DASS-21 scale. Moreover, 26,4% reported PTSD symptoms according to the IES-6 scale. Women who experienced a stressor were more likely to report psychiatric symptoms, even more so when exposed to a pregnancy-related stressor. Being Caucasian, a personal psychiatric history or a familial psychiatric history correlated with scoring positive to a higher number of scales. Regarding DASS-21, high total scores in this scale correlated with being Caucasian and having had previous deliveries. More specifically, being Caucasian, older age, previous deliveries and a positive psychiatric history correlated with a higher score in the depression subscale. A positive psychiatric history and a familial psychiatric history correlated with higher scores in the anxiety subscale, while being hospitalized at a late gestational age correlated with lower scores in this section. Scoring above the cut-off of the DASS stress subscale correlated with a positive psychiatric history, a positive familial psychiatric history, being Caucasian, and with an older age of the women in the sample.

Our results underline the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic on women in pregnancy and in the perinatal period. Tailored interventions should be staged to provide adequate care to this particularly sensitive population, for the wellbeing of both the mother and the child.

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Nowadays, most of the university youth use smartphones resembling a mini-computer. Despite its benefits, it has been shown that smartphone use is associated with increased anxiety, insomnia, lack of self-confidence, emotional disturbances, as well as negative effects on energy level, body weight and eating habits.

This study aimed to assess the relationship between smartphone addiction and eating disorders in university students.

It was a cross-sectional web-based study, conducted among 108 university students in Tunisia. Data were collected using an online questionnaire spread throughout social media (Facebook), using the Google Forms® platform. Eating disorders were assessed via “EATING ATTITUDES TEST-26” (EAT-26) and smartphone addiction via “SMARTPHONE ADDICTION SCALE-SHORT VERSION” (SAS-SV).

The mean age of participants was 22.11±2.2 years, with a sex-ration(F/M) of 3.7.

The mean score SAS-SV was 38.3. Among the students, 75.9% were considered at high risk of Smartphone addiction.

The mean score EAT-26 was 20.45. A problematic eating behavior was noted in 32.4% of participants.

Students with higher SAS-SV scores were more likely to have higher EAT-26 scores (p=0.013; r=0.237). Students being at risk of eating disorder were found to have higher SAS-SV scores (40.9 vs 37; p=0.033).

Our findings suggested that smartphone addiction seems to be associated with the development of eating disorders. Thus, university students should be encouraged to join social communities so that they may take a break from technology and spend their leisure time developing meaningful relationships.

None Declared

Popularity and availability of smartphones have dramatically increased in the past years, and have led to a great impact on people’s daily lives changing their habits and behaviors. This trend is accompanied by increased concerns regarding potentially adverse effects of problematic smartphone use, particularly with respect to physical and mental health.

In this study, we investigated prevalence and associated factors of smartphone addiction among Tunisian university students.

It was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical web-based study, conducted among 144 university students in Tunisia. Data were collected using an online questionnaire spread throughout social media (Facebook), using the Google Forms® platform, during September and October 2022. We used the “Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version” (SAS-SV).

The mean age of participants was 23.38±3.27 years, with a sex-ratio of (F/M) of 2.8.

Tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use was noted respectively in 12.5%, 3.5% and 3.5% of cases.

The mean score SAS-SV was 37.92±8.82. Among the students, 68.8% were considered at high risk of Smartphone addiction.

Male students were more likely to be at higher risk of smartphone addiction than females, without a significant relationship.

Scores of SAS-SV were significantly higher among cannabis users (48.4 vs 37.54; p=0.006) and non-medical students (39.07 vs 36.11; p=0.049)

University students are a particularly vulnerable population to smartphone addiction, and this may lead to negative psychosocial effects. Educational awareness and preventive measures should be implemented.

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Inhalants are volatile psychoactive compounds whose effect varies from disorientation, excitement, euphoria to hallucinations. Different opinions have been raised concerning the relationship between inhalant use and psychosis and several publications have studied the incidence of psychotic disorders in the context of inhalant use. These studies concluded that using inhalants was independently associated with the development of psychosis

our aim is to determine the demographic and psychiatric profile of inhalant users previously hospitalized in our department

This is a retrospective descriptive study carried out by analyzing hospitalization records in the addictology department of the psychiatric university hospital Ar-Razi in Salé over a period of one year (from August 2020 to August 2021). The diagnoses are established according to the DSM 5 diagnostic criteria.

Seventeen patients, inhalant users, were recruited after chart review, including 5 women and 11 men (68.7 %). The average age was 24.7 years (16; 41). The majority of the patients were single (81.2%), 62.5 % had a secondary education and 62.5 % were unemployed.

The psychiatric evaluation showed that 87% of these patients had a history of incarceration, 50% had a diagnosis of schizophrenia, 12.5% had bipolar disorder and 14.2% had a cluster B personality disorder (DSM 5).

The average age of onset of the addictive disorder in this population was 14.4 years and the entire sample was polyaddictive.

More than half of our sample had psychosis associated with their inhalant use disorder. these results are consistent with literature data.

None Declared

The comorbidity between depressive disorders and addiction is far from being random. Through substances, users try to ameliorate their feelings of sadness, reduce present anxiety. The phenomena of tolerance and dependence quickly worsen the situation, and make any attempt at withdrawal more difficult.

The objective of this study is to analyze the addictive behavior in patients diagnosed with depressive disorder.

This is a retrospective descriptive study carried out by analyzing hospitalization records in the addictology department of the psychiatric university hospital Ar-Razi in Salé over a period of one year (from August 2020 to August 2021). The diagnoses are established according to the DSM 5 diagnostic criteria.

Of 141 patient records initially entered, nine records were not usable and 54 patients had a diagnosis of depressive disorder constituting 40.9% of admissions to the service. The average age was 37.9 years (16; 69).

Among our depressed and substance-using patients, the most frequent comorbidity was personality disorders (29.6%) followed by anxiety disorders (11.1% of cases). Thirty-five percent of patients reported at least one suicide attempt in the past and 11.1% had experienced sexual abuse.

The average age of onset of addiction in our sample was 17.8 years (11; 31). The most used substance was tobacco (n=44) followed by alcohol (n=43), cannabis and then benzodiazepines.

The relationship between depression and substance use remains complex. Although depressed patients often turn to drugs in search of a state of well-being, withdrawal from these substances can also aggravate or cause the depression.

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Delirium tremens is one of the most serious complications associated with alcohol withdrawal. It affects a percentage of 5 to 20% of users and is not related to the duration of consumption nor to the quantities taken. An early diagnosis will facilitate a quick treatment without putting at risk the vital prognosis.

Our objective is to identify the different indicators mentioned in the existing literature and to compare these to the clinical and paraclinical data of our patients

We present through clinical vignettes, the cases of two patients hospitalized in our department of addictology for a cure of alcohol withdrawal and who presented an episode of delirium tremens.

everal clinical and paraclinical parameters have been linked to statistically significant differences in the published reports related to this subject. Thrombocytopenia remains the common element between the different publications and was the case in our two patients.

Clinically, the presence of a previous episode of delirium or seizure during withdrawal , as well as tachycardia (>100 bpm) and low number of quit attempts were significantly related to the occurrence of delirium tremens. The majority of the predictors identified were paraclinical and included: hyponatremia, hypokalemia, elevated ALT and homocyctein levels, low pyridoxine levels, and the presence of structural brain damage.

the literature on predictors of delirium tremens remains poor. more studies are needed to confirm the data already mentioned

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Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a psychoactive substance native to Thailand and Southeast Asia with stimulant-like effects at lower doses and opioid-like effects at higher doses. Kratom’s chemical composition, specifically mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, has partial agonist mu-opioid effect and antagonist effects at the kappa- and delta-opioid receptors. It is primarily sought out for stimulant and opioid-like properties and may be used either for its perceived therapeutic effects or as a recreational drug. It is used mainly for symptoms of pain, anxiety, depression, and opioid withdrawal. Regular use of kratom, especially at higher doses, is associated with dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal. Due to its addictive potential, accessibility, and legal status, there have been increasing cases of kratom use disorder. Concerns regarding its potential for abuse and severe adverse effects are rising. The perception that kratom is a milder and less dangerous opioid-like psychoactive substance is supported by the uptake of kratom use as an opiate substitute and is consistent with data on the unimpaired social functioning of regular kratom users.

To alert for the importance of kratom consumption as a potential gateway to an opioid use disorder.

A non-systematic review of the literature was carried out on PubMed. We looked for reviews and case reports published in the last 10 years containing the terms “kratom”, “Mitragyna speciosa”, “drug abuse”, “drug addiction”, and “mitragynine”. We also present a clinical case of opioid use disorder.

We report the case of a 38-year-old man that was observed as an outpatient with opioid abuse disorder treated with buprenorphine. He began consuming Kratom about 20 years ago. He learned about Kratom herbal preparations from the plant Mitragyna speciosa from internet forums and started to consume oral preparations. Noticing the low side-effects profile, he started to consume Kratom on a daily basis. The main effect of Kratom was to calm down hyperarousal, stop rumination, reduce anxiety, and enhance sociability. The patient did not report major side effects from the consumption but over time tolerance was reached. Knowing that this substance has opioid effects, the patient started to consume opioids like oxycodone in order to obtain Kraton-like effects. Kraton’s use was thus quickly replaced by oxycodone consumption and dependence.

The increasing popularity of kratom has been accompanied by dependence, adverse effects, and withdrawal symptoms following abstinence. Although it could be used for opioid withdrawal, Kraton consumption could be a gateway to opioid consumption and ultimately culminate in dependence.

None Declared

In the current psychopharmacological panorama, the variety of substances capable of inducing an acute psychotic episode and which have entered the habits of drug addicts has rapidly increased. Here we will take the example of nitrous oxide, which in addition to its medical use as a volatile anesthetic, has many applications in the food and automotive industries.Nitrous oxide is today the 7th most popular drug in the world for its euphoric effects.

The objective of our work is therefore to present through a case report, where the psychiatric symptoms are important, an overview of the psychiatric effects of the recreational use of nitrous oxide, to sensitize the clinicians, and to finally discuss the implications for psychiatric practice in terms of prevention and screening.

Case report: To better discuss this infrequent disorder, we will report here the case of a 25-year-old French tourist, with no particular psychiatric or medical history, who was brought back to our training emergency room by the authorities for treatment of psychomotor instability. , verbalization of delusional remarks and insomnia evolving for approximately 02 days, following an excessive and isolated use of nitrogen peroxide bombs, in a festive setting in Marrakech.

The psychiatric interview objectified a dissociative syndrome, a delusional syndrome of persecution and mystical-religious, a hallucinatory syndrome, with impaired judgment and insight. A complete biological assessment, a cerebral TDM as well as a search for drugs in the urine were requested, returned without particularities.

The patient was put on antipsychotics and anxiolytics, with very good clinical evolution and complete resolution of symptoms after 02 days.

Nitrous oxide (N2O; laughing gas) is used clinically as a safe anesthetic (dentistry, ambulance, childbirth) and is appreciated for its anti-anxiety effect. Over the past five years, its recreational use has rapidly increased, particularly in the world of dance and festivals.

Side effects of N2O include transient dizziness, dissociation, disorientation, loss of balance, impaired memory and cognition, and weakness in the legs. In cases of poisoning, accidents such as tripping and falling can occur.

Some fatalities have been reported due to asphyxia (hypoxia). Heavy or sustained use of N2O inactivates vitamin B12, resulting in functional vitamin B12 deficiency and initially causes finger numbness, which can later progress to peripheral neuropathy and megaloblastic anemia. The use of N2O does not appear to be addictive.

Given the generally modest use of N2O and its relative safety, there is no need for legal action. However, (potential) users should be informed of the risk of neurological and hematological effects related to vitamin B12 deficiency in case of intensive use.

None Declared