Alcohol consumption is often used in an attempt to reduce anxiety, being an inadequate coping strategy, it can lead to alcohol abuse and dependence.

Anxiety is a transient emotional state of reaction to situations perceived as threatening, frequent in people with alcohol dependence during the abstinence period.

Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) is a technique that allows the person to reduce levels of stress, anxiety, anger and reach an increased state of calm.

To train people undergoing treatment for alcohol dependence to use the PMR after discharge.

To promote anxiety self-management.

To prevent relapse.

To evaluate the effect of the Therapeutic Relaxation Program (TRP) on the anxiety levels of people undergoing treatment for alcohol dependence.

A TRP was conceived and implemented, based on Jacobson’s PMR, consisting of 6 sessions lasting 40 minutes, including 21 participants hospitalized for treatment of alcohol dependence.

Considering the inclusion criteria: clinical status favorable to participation; moderate or high level of anxiety; agree to participate voluntarily. Exclusion criteria: unfavorable clinical status (disorientation, confusion, agitation, delirium tremens, hypoacusis); level of mild anxiety or panic; not knowing how to read or write; refuse to participate voluntarily.

The experimental group (EG - in addition to the institution’s protocol treatment was included in the TRP) and the control group (CG - underwent the institution’s protocol treatment).

Participants gave informed consent.

In the TRP evaluation, the following were used: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-form Y1) – before and after the intervention; physiological parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure) – before and after each session; and satisfaction questionnaire at the end of the program.

The evaluation of the physiological parameters showed a decrease after each relaxation session.

Comparing the mean values of the anxiety score (STAI-form Y1) between the two evaluation times (before and after the TRP), in the EG, there was a significant decrease in the anxiety scores, and this decrease was even greater in the group masculine.

In the CG, comparing the average values of the anxiety score (STAI-form Y1) in the same timings as in the EG, an increase in anxiety was verified.

The evaluation of the participants’ satisfaction revealed an increase in well-being and comfort at the end of the TRP, being greater in the male group.

It is concluded that TRP produces positive effects in reducing anxiety levels, reducing physiological parameters and increasing the person’s well-being.

The TRP was effective in reducing the anxiety of people undergoing treatment for alcohol dependence, enabling them to use other coping tools/strategies that will contribute to maintaining alcohol abstinence and preventing relapse.

None Declared

Instagram is the most popular social media platform which is frequently used by population today. Besides, this subject has not been well discussed among doctors.

To study the prevalence of addiction to instagram among tunisian doctors and to identify its associated factors.

This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out among doctors (interns, residents and university hospital doctor) during the months of septembre and octobre 2022.

A socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected using an online anonymous questionnaire from Google form that we distributed via facebook.

Instagram Addiction Scale (IAS) was used to assess Instagram addiction levels. A score above 37 indicates addiction to instagram.

Our sample included 106 patients. The mean age was 32.32 years (SD=5.66 years) and the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.60. More than half (56.6%) were married and lived with their husband. They were residents in 37% and they were using psychoactive substances in 42.5%.

All of participants used other socialnetwork, the most used was facebook (63.2%).

IAS : The mean score was 31.18 (SD=11.64). The prevalence of addiction to instagram was 42.5%.

The instagram addiction was significantly correlated with : age (p=0,0001), the female gender (p=0.043), the celibacy (p=0.0001), the number of children (p=0.0001) and the number of siblings (p=0.049). Residents were more likely to develop an addiction to instagram (p=0.0001).

The study highlighted the high level of instagram addiction among tunisian doctors and identified individuals who were at higher risk. Specific interventions were necessary to deal with the problem of addiction.

None Declared

Instagram, one of the most widely used social media by population was changed the way individuals communicate around the world. It can be used to increase individual self popularity or increase self-esteem.

To determine the relationship between the instagram addiction and self-esteem in a population of tunisian doctors.

A cross-sectional study was conducted online using the Google Forms platform, with a sample of tunisian doctors in september and october 2022. We used :

• - Instagram Addiction Scale (IAS) : to assess Instagram addiction levels. A score above 37 indicates addiction to instagram.

• - Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale : to measure the level of self-esteem. Higher scores indicate higher levels of self-esteem.

The sample comprised 106 doctors.

• - IAS : The mean score was 31.18 (SD=11.64). Less than half (42.5%) presented an addiction to instagram and 36.8% were mildly addicted.

• - The mean self-esteem score was 29.70 (SD=3.57). Less than half (44%) had low to very low self-esteem.

• - The instagram addiction score was negatively correlated with the self-esteem score (r=-0.543 ; p=0.0001).

It was found that these scores were significantly lower in the addicts (p=0.0001) indicating lower self-esteem. Among addicts, 80% had low to very low self-esteem. Among non addicts, 18% had low to very low self-esteem.

It was found that the higher the intensity of using instagram the lower the self esteem.

Further research is expected to be carried out with a wider population to verify the present findings and to study other factors related to instagram addiction such as loneliness and life satisfaction.

None Declared

Instagram is currently the fastest growing social networking site in the world. Its image-driven nature might encourage users to mainly share positive and idealized moments of their lives.

To study the link between instagram addiction and the life satisfaction among tunisian doctors.

This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted on 106 doctors during the months of september and october 2022. We used:

• - An anonymous self-questionnaire via google-forms in order to collect data that co-occur the use of instagram.

• - Instagram Addiction Scale (IAS) : to assess Instagram addiction levels. A score above 37 indicates addiction to instagram.

• - The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) : to measure an individual’s global satisfaction with life. Higher score displayed higher satisfaction with life.

The study included 106 doctors.

The mean age was 32.32 years (SD=5.66 years) and the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.60.

The mean score for addiction to instagram was 31.18 (SD=11.64). The prevalence of instagram addiction was : 42.5%.

The mean life satisfaction score was 20.43 (± 4.21). More than forty percent (42.5%) were slightly satisfied and 30.2% were slightly dissatisfied.

The instagram addiction was correlated negatively with life satisfaction (r=-0.292; p=0.002).

Instagram addiction was associated witn low satisfaction (p=0.0001).

Among addicted doctors, 53.3% were slightly dissatisfied.

Among non-addicted doctors, 55.7% were slightly satisfied.

Our findings suggest that the higher the intensity of using instagram the lower the life satisfaction.

So, interventions targeting addiction to instagram should be integrated in order to ameliorate life satisfaction and quality of life.

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Instagram is one of the most popular social media platforms among young people and it has specific features leading to problematic and addictive use.

To study instagram addiction and the particularities of its use in a population of tunisian doctors.

A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted on tunisian doctors (interns, residents and university hospital doctor) during the months of septembre and octobre 2022.

An anonymous self-questionnaire with different items was used via google-forms in order to collect data that co-occur the use of instagram.

Instagram Addiction Scale (IAS) Was used to assess Instagram addiction levels. A score above 37 indicates addiction to instagram.

The study included 106 doctors. The average age of the first connection to instagram was 28.17 years (SD=6.93 years). The total number of friends on instagram was 240.

The average time spent on instagram was 84.5 minutes per day and the number of connections to instagram was 2.78 per day(SD=1.31).

The majority(74.5%) used the cell phone as a means of connection while being alone(73.6%).

The use of instagram was observed during the whole week(73.6%).

The mean score for addiction to instagram was 31.18(SD=11.64). Instagram addiction has been found in 42.5% and 36.8% were mildly addicted.

The instagram addiction was significantly correlated with : the age of the first connection (p=0.0001), the total number of friends on instagram (p=0.0001), time spent on that social network (p=0.0001), the number of connections to instagram per day (p= 0.0001) and the mode of connection (p=0.001).

Our results stated that addiction to instagram affects almost half of the doctors. Many factors were contributing to this addiction.

Interventions targeting these factors seems to be crucial in order to deal with this type of addiction.

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Acute psychotic disorders are increasingly being diagnosed in people addicted to PASA part of these patients develops chronic psychotic disorders for reasons that still insufficently known.

The aim of the study was to determine preventive potential of antipsychotics in the development of chronic psychotic disorders as well as possible side effects of theur use.

The prospective retrospective qualitative study conducted in the period Septmeber 2017-September 2022.Data from medical records and electronic databases were used in the study.A structured questionnare for conductin research,a clinnical psychatic inteview,MMPI 202,tests to determine of ilegal PAS in body flluids.

According to the results of the study adequate treatment of the underlying desease,fewer or complete abscence of relapses,social and psychoteraapeutic support had the greater effects.In the group of opiate addicts an adequate dose of supstitution therapy it often played a crucial role.

In experimental conditions the hypotesis about the preventive effect of antipsychotics on the development of psychotic disorders in peoplle addicted to PAS.On the contrary a whole series of new questions has beenopened.

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The COVID-19 pandemic had a considerable psychosocial impact on healthcare workers (HCWs) who were constantly requested during this era with an increased risk of infection. This implies behavioural changes, especially in smoking behaviour.

To study smoking behaviour in HCWs with COVID-19.

A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the department of occupational pathology of Charles Nicolle Hospital in Tunis involving the smoking HCWs affected by COVID-19 during the period from September 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021. The data collection was carried out by a telephone call using a standardized questionnaire.

During the study period, 61 smoking HCWs were identified. Thirty-two patients agreed to answer the questionnaire, with a response rate of 52%. The mean age was 41±10 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.46. Half of the participants had comorbidities. The most represented occupational categories were blue-collar workers (n=11) followed by nurses (n=10) and physicians (n=7). The median professional seniority was 13 [3.5; 20] years. The mean age of smoking initiation was 20±5 years. The most common mode of smoking was cigarettes (93%) with an average consumption of 19 cigarettes per day. Water pipe smoking was noted in 3 patients. All patients started smoking before the COVID-19 infection. Strong tobacco dependence was noted in 25% of patients. Twenty-one per cent of the population had moderate dependence. Half of the participants maintained the same level of smoking as before the COVID-19 infection. An increase in smoking was noted in 34% of patients. A decrease in the level of smoking was reported by 15% of respondents. Four participants stopped smoking after COVID-19 infection. The reasons for smoking cessation were COVID-19 damage (n=3) and confinement with family (n=1).

The change in smoking behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic is notable, particularly in HCWs who are exposed to a high physical and mental load. The presumed association of smoking with severe forms of COVID-19 infection makes tobacco control in HCWs an obligation in order to preserve the continuity of care.

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Many musicians have suffered the consequences of drug addiction. What about cannabis use?

To describe the epidemiological characteristics of cannabis users among musiciens

To study the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders among these consumers

A descriptive and retrospective study of the epidemiological characteristics and prevalence of depression and anxiety in a population of 37 musicians who consume cannabis. This sample was selected among 202 musicians having participated in an anonymous questionnaire

The prevalence of cannabis use among musicians in our study is about 18.31%. 76% of them are professionnals with sex ratio of 6.25. The mean age of these musicians is 27 years old. They started using cannabis at a mean age of 21 years old. The history of school failure was found in 1/3 of all cases, with a younger age at the onset of cannabis use (18 years old vs 22 years old in absence of school failure). 72.4% of cannabis users are single, 27.5% are in a relationship, 66.7% of the 37 musicians are Tabaco smokers, 55.6% are alchoolics, and 19,4% are using other drugs. 16.7% of these musicians are followed for depressive disorder, anxiety or bipolar disorder. The mean duration of cannabis use is 7 years, often in group of people. The first contact with cannabis occurs after the start of learning music in 44.4% of cases (a mean of 12 years after).The average consumption is about 4 times per week, mostly outside the musical activity in 3/4 of the cases. 53.6% believe that cannabis can cause a decline in their health. 10 musicians increased cannabis use and 8 of them believe that it can improve their performance and creativity. On the other hand, only 9 musicians wish to wean the use of cannabis. 19/29 musicians (65.5%) have an anxiety (A) and/or depression (D), that is proven to be moderate to severe respectivelly in 2/3 and half of cases, The mean of the A score and D score of the HAD scale is 10 and 9, respectivelly.

The reasons of cannabis addiction are various: fleeing reality, seeking the anxiolytic or sedatif effects and improving performance.

None Declared

A relationship between drug abuse and the onset of psychotic symptoms is strongly supported. A struggling clinical dilemma is how to clearly identify a substance-induced psychosis from a primary psychotic illness or a psychotic illness with comorbid substance use.

In this review, the presence of associated psychotic symptoms and the differences in clinical presentation will be analyzed for each substance.

Α bibliographical review was performed using the PubMED platform. All relevant articles were found using the keywords: substance-Induced Psychoses, symptoms, treatment

Present review shows a picture of the complex relationship between psychotic symptoms and the use and abuse of illicit drugs. Furthermore, in most cases, chronological criteria are not sufficient to prove a direct causal effect between the substance and psychosis. The subjects who presented psychotic symptoms after substance abuse seemed to have a higher risk of the development of a primary psychotic illness.

Psychosis due to substance abuse is a common issue in clinical practice and the propensity to develop psychosis seems to be associated with the severity of use and dependence.

None Declared

Cannabis consumption among Romanian youth has seen a steady increase in the last couple of decades.

This work attempts to fill the void left by the relative dearth of in-depth research on the subject of cannabis misuse in Romania, which is particularly concerning given the significant connection that exists between anxiety, depression, and cannabis usage.

An epidemiological overview of cannabis misuse, mental comorbidities, and other socio-demographic characteristics was outlined through the use of validated self-reported scales on a small sample size (N=125) that was analyzed throughout this research. The purpose of this research was to outline this overview.

By applying the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test – Revised (CUDIT-R), Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Scale (AUDIT), Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the study’s results are as follows: although 48% of participants have tried cannabis, about a third (32%) have used it in the last 6 months. Among this sub-group, 40% presented scores that suggest Cannabis Use Disorder according to the DSM-V definition. Almost half (47%) percent of cannabis users had clinically significant scores for depression and anxiety, as opposed to 21% of non-users. Consumption of cannabis was more likely to be associated with alcohol abuse (63%) and nicotine dependence (85%). While students were equally represented among users and non-users; male gender and the unemployed were overly-represented. Interestingly, there was no correlation between relationship status and cannabis consumption.

In conclusion, this study’s results are in line with most epidemiological literature regarding cannabis and can serve as a starting point for deeper, more analytical investigations of cannabis use in Romania.

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Harmful alcohol use far exceeds other mental disorders in the proportion of patients who do not receive adequate treatment. Despite the long history of anti-alcohol treatment in Czech Republic, there is no published prospective study to this day, in which patients that underwent inpatient addiction treatment are compared to patients on the waiting list and only one prospective randomized study comparing two different medium-term inpatient programs was published.

Almost all the studies published so far only bring results of particular hospitals. Differences in methodology, differences between cohorts of patients, absence of profiling and differences in therapeutic programs and historical changes makes comparison of results of those studies very difficult.

This work seeks to present and compare the data from studies that evaluate the success of medium-term inpatient treatment of alcohol dependent patients in the Czech Republic. Another aim was to identify problems that make such comparison difficult.

Bibliographia Medica Čechoslovaca and Pubmed was used to find studies published in professional medical journals since 1970, in which abstinence of patients who voluntarily completed medium-term inpatient treatment of alcohol dependence is evaluated.

Medium-term inpatient treatment of alcohol addiction leads to one year abstinence in 34 to 76 % of patients. Such variance value is largely caused by different methodology of compared studies. In compared studies there are differences:

1. in definition of abstinence

2. if abstinence rate is assessed in all patients who have entered the treatment or only in those who have completed the treatment properly

3. if abstinence rate is calculated using number of patients entering treatment or the number of patients who have been obtained by valid information (outpatient clinic, questionnaires)

4. in the way the data was collected

5. in the composition of patients

6. in societal background, because there is large time gap present between compared studies

The comparison of individual studies presented many problems. Further steps should be taken to help compare treatment programs in the future, as they provide different therapeutic interventions in different intensity and length to different patients. Adequate patient profiling, detailed description of therapeutic interventions and identification of effective components of the therapeutic program is a way to support further research in this area, optimize existing programs and increase the overall efficiency of treatment.

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Recent reports confirmed that more than 22% of adult world population are suffering from addiction. Tobacco and alcohol use remain the most prevalent addictive behaviors reported in Tunisia. The management of addiction is a multidisciplinary team concept. This entity may be underdiagnosed due to perception default at the first line of management.

The aim of this study was to identify the limiting factors for addictive behavior approach in general practitioner (GP) clinic.

Recent reports confirmed that more than 22% of adult world population are suffering from addiction. Tobacco and alcohol use remain the most prevalent addictive behaviors reported in Tunisia. The management of addiction is a multidisciplinary team concept. This entity may be underdiagnosed due to perception default at the first line of management.

The aim of this study was to identify the limiting factors for addictive behavior approach in general practitioner (GP) clinic.

A cross-sectional study involved 84 GPs in the city of Monastir, Tunisia. Self‐reported questionnaire was designed to survey the prevalence of patients with detectable addictive behavior among the outpatient GP clinic visitors.

The participation rate was 93.3% (84/90). The prevalence of addictive behaviors was variable (38-59.5%). Tobacco use was the most common addiction (91.7%). More than seventy percent of questioned GPs were regularly consulting patients with known addictive behavior. The diagnosis was incidental in 7% of cases. Sixty percent of patients had predisposing factors for addiction. Diagnostic with screening difficulties for addictive behavior were independently related to doctor’s age >40 (OR = 6.51; p = 0.005), exercise in private clinic (OR= 6.46; p=0.004). Thirty-three percent of GPs were more involved in addiction monitoring. The use of assessment scales was noted in 15%. Young physician age (OR=5.20; p=0.002) and the absence postgraduate diploma in addictology (OR=9.66; p=0.01) were significantly associated addiction management avoidance.

This study aimed to assess of the attitude of GP in Monastir city regarding the addictive behaviors of their patients. The diagnosis and the management of addiction is not standardized for these health practitioners and this will not contribute to the battle against this social entity.

None Declared

Psychotic disorders were formerly associated with cannabis use. It could accelerate the course of the illness and thus, constitutes a severity factor in terms of prognosis.

To define the socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic profiles of patients suffering from schizoaffective disorder (ASD) and who are consuming cannabis.

A retrospective study of 16 patients diagnosed with ASD, who were hospitalized at the psychiatric department of Tahar Sfar Mahdia’s hospital, and whose toxicology test results during the hospitalization came back positive for tetrahydrocannabinol.

16 patients were gathered, all male, the average age was 26 years. The average age of first hospitalization was 25 years, 41.9% were unemployed. 76.3% of our sample were single. Three quarters of patients were hospitalized without consent. The average hospital stay was 30.33 days. Our patients had required during their stay an average dosage of antipsychotic, equivalent to chlorpromazine, of 752.42 +/- 342.79 mg. The average scores of psychometric scales were: BPRS = 55.72 +/- 14.11, SAPS = 41.5 +/- 14.80 and 42.11 +/- 18.88.

Currently, it is recognized that prolonged use of cannabis is an exogenous risk factor. The association between cannabis and schizoaffective disorder may amend the treatment modalities. It requires, thereby, an integrated and simultaneous treatment of schizophrenia and addictive behavior.

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Admission to hospital is a stress-inducing experience for children. Informing children helps to reduce anxiety according to their developmental stage.

To explore the associations between Greek teenager patients’ characteristics and their desired information during the perioperative period.

Eighty children (52 boys, 28 girls; median age: 12 years old) admitted for surgery into a large Greek paediatric hospital self-completed a 40-item questionnaire on Children’s Desire for (perioperative) Information (CDI). The respondents’ desire for perioperative information was calculated by summing responses (‘I really have to know’ plus ‘I might want to know’) to all 40 items. Ethical issues were addressed. We used multiple linear regression to explain the relationship between participants’ characteristics (demographic, attitudes, coping strategies) and their desire for information when facing surgery. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically highly significant. SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis.

The 40/80 (50%) Greek teenager patients admitted for surgery had a CDI score more than 33 out of 40 score. Their desired perioperative information was positively associated with their fear of surgery [β=0.59; 95%CI:0.10-1.08; t=2.39; p=0.020] as well as their being raised in a single-parent household [β=3.9; 95%CI:0.13-7.65; t=2.06; p=0.043]. Their desire for perioperative information was negatively associated with their missing friend support network [β=-1.10; 95%CI:(-2.12)-(-0.08); t=-2.16; p=0.034]. The revealed statistically significant associations explained almost 30% (R-square=0.29) of Greek teenager patient desire to be informed perioperatively.

The high CDI score of Greek teenagers facing surgery in paediatric hospitals implies that they have a proven right for perioperative information. Identification of what influences the perioperative information desired by teenager patients would play a vital role in planning effective perioperative intervention programmes.

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Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder with disorganization progressive and important affecting several spheres: thought, affectivity, cognition and social life of the subject. It is a serious mental disorder with a prevalence of nearly 1%.

Men would present more premorbid difficulties, but the overall prevalence of symptoms of schizophrenia is similar in both sexes.

When it comes to comorbidity, men and women are vulnerable to somewhat different health issues.

Anxiety symptoms are one of the main symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, but the effect of anxiety symptoms on patients is easily overlooked.

About 40% have persistent anxiety symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, and whether they are accompanied depressive symptoms, the symptoms may have a greater impact on the patients. We need to help patients avoid suicide when the symptoms depression appear.

Hallucinations auditory, anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms may exist simultaneously in patients with schizophrenia.

Most studies focus on studying the relationship between auditory hallucinatory symptoms and depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, the relationship between auditory hallucinatory symptoms and anxiety symptoms, or the relationship between anxiety symptoms and symptoms depressive

The objective of this study is to resolve important questions concerning the interaction of anxiety and schizophrenia in patients followed in psychiatry at Arrazi Hospital .

Descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, conducted over a period from May 2022 to October 2022 in patients consulted in Arrazi de Salé, using a questionnaire grouping together the sociodemographic characteristics, the risks and the advantages of antipsychotics, medical comorbidities and the mobilization of psychosocial support, and thus the BPRS Anxiety Rating Scale.

Of the 42 patients who completed the study, 18 were female and 24 were male 60% were single. The average age was 36.63 years, 60% have secondary education, 25% primary, and 15% university level, 30% have a family history of schizophrenia.

32 were taking an atypical antipsychotic, 10 were taking classic neuroleptics.

Most schizophrenics encountered in psychiatry are stabilized on antipsychotic treatment, and those who have an anxious comorbidity are still too often underestimated , put on the account of the positive symptoms and the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, it is insufficiently diagnosed and treated.

The effect of anxiety symptoms on patients is easily overlooked.

It should be kept in mind that anxiety in schizophrenia requires special attention when discussing and prescribing antipsychotic medications.

Optimal interventions for patients with comorbid schizophrenia and anxiety differ by quality of life.

At all consultations, preventive strategies should consider mindful interviews and the risks and benefits of treatment for schizophrenia and comorbidities.

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Worldwide epidemiological studies estimate that around 1% of the world population suffers from schizophrenia and 2 to 3% from compulsive-obsessive disorder (OCD). Moreover, a significant percentage of schizophrenia patients present an OCD comorbidity.

These statistics testify to a close relationship between the two pathologies, which sometimes causes difficulties in differentiating between the two diagnoses, complicated by the fact that many schizophrenia patients can suffer from obsessive and/or compulsive symptomatology similar to OCD.

This literature review aims to explore the frequency of association between schizophrenia and OCD and the administrated treatment through articles exploration.

We conducted a literature review about the association frequency between schizophrenia and OCD and the administrated treatment, which implies scientific literature exploration and selecting several articles treating this topic.

For our review, keywords used to search in Scopus and PubMed were: “schizophrenia and OCD” and “schizophrenia and OCD treatment” found more than 1500 results between 1988 and 2022. With the application of exclusion criteria, we included approximately 40 recent articles treating the frequency of association between schizophrenia and OCD and administrated treatment.

We organized These articles by counties, association frequency, and the administrated treatment.

Our review of these articles and studies finds mostly a percentage between 10% to 30 % worldwide (countries from Asia, America, Africa, and Europe) of schizophrenia patients suffering also from OCD. The difficulty of diagnosis between schizophrenia and OCD, and the frequency of existence of obsessive and/or compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia remains one of the most relevant challenges for diagnosis and treatment in these countries.

We also found that administrated treatment was commonly pharmacological with psychotherapy association sometimes.

Our review explored the frequency of schizophrenia and OCD association and the administrated treatment. We found significant comorbidity between the two pathologies. With these findings, we may suggest systematic research for OCD with adapted scales in every schizophrenia case.

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Anxiety is a common pathology in people who pass through a crisis situations. Thus, it goes without saying that the current global economic crisis will have secondary effects on mental health.

The aim of this study is to identify if there is a correlation between the level of anxiety and the impact of the economic crisis felt patients.

In this study, 517 patients with known associated somatic pathology were selected. According to gender, 2 groups were formed, that of women (n=308) and that of men (n=209). To identify the level of anxiety, we applied the generalized anxiety disorder assessment scale (TAG7) and to quantify the impact of the global economic crisis felt by the patients, an ordinal scale was used.

190 patients (36.7%) reported that they did not feel anxious at all, while only 24 (4.6%) said that they felt anxiety quite often. Related to the gender, we observed that 36.36% of women and 37.3% of men did not appreciate that they would suffer from anxiety. Those who consider themselves to have high levels of anxiety are represented as follows: 5.8% among the female population and 2.8% among the male population. We researched the correlation between the experienced impact of the global crisis and the state of anxiety and we observed that there is no correlation between the 2 (r=0.19).

The study shows that patients with somatic pathology do not have levels of anxiety correlated with the impact of the global economic crisis felt.

None Declared

Specific phobia is an excessive and unreasonable fear of an object or situation that does not represent a real danger. This disorder is widespread among the population. The suffering from the feared situation disturbs the individual’s habits and professional activities.

We report the case of a driving phobia in a professional driver.

Case report

The man was 32 years old, a smoker at 5 PA. He had no family or personal psychiatric history. He has been a Dumper machine driver in a phosphate extraction company since 2011. He presented to our institute for a fit-to-work assessment. The history of the disease dates to 2019, the patient had witnessed a work accident that caused the death of his colleague (engine driver). Since this accident, he had a state of anxiety associated with tachycardia, a feeling of suffocation, excessive sweating and headaches. This symptomatology occurred suddenly while driving and prevented the patient from performing his professional task. At the psychiatric interview, the patient had coherent and dynamic speech without psychomotor slowing. The rest of the clinical examination was normal. The patient had been referred to a psychiatrist. The diagnosis of a specific phobia had been retained. Given the anamnestic and clinical data and the opinion of a medical specialist, the patient had been placed on temporary incapacity for the driving position. A reassessment of his medical fitness for the position of the driver will be made after the end of the psychiatric intake.

Professional conduct is a complex task that requires the integrity of physical and mental abilities. The assessment of medical fitness for this position is essential for road safety. However, it can sometimes be difficult, especially in the face of psychiatric pathologies.

None Declared

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health illness that can develop after being exposed to one or more traumatic events. This is a serious, long-term emotional response to extreme psychological trauma. As for public health emergencies, it demands large-scale coordination among many staff, and participants, especially medical workers, are exposed to high levels of stress, which can easily lead to psychiatric illnesses such as social anxiety disorder (SAD). Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) demonstrate a high degree of comorbidity, yet little is known regarding the nature of this relationship.

The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of PTSD and SAD among health workers in the emergency ward and study the relationship between PTSD and SAD and the associated factors to both disorders among health workers in the emergency ward to suggest some solutions to reduce their effects.

This is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among medical and paramedical health professionals in the emergency rooms of the university hospital of Sahloul and Hached and the regional hospital of Msaken in Tunisia. The data was collected by a questionnaire that included demographic questions and Yes/No questions, as well as several scales to assess the degree of social nxiety (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale) and posttraumatic stress disorder (Post-traumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)).

In our study, 81 healthcare workers completed the survey. Of the total responding participants 67.9% were females. We noticed that the example was young (58%), also 59.3% had <1 year of experience. The population was slightly predominated by paramedical staff (56.8%), it also had a low married percentage of 38.3. Among the participants 17.3% smoke tobacco, 12.3% drink alcohol, and 3.7% are under cannabis use. We found that 7.4% of the participants had a psychiatric illness.

In our study, 38% scored positive for PTSD and for SAD 13.58% had marked social anxiety, 12.35% had severe social anxiety and 3.7% had very severe social anxiety, this is associated rather with the female gender, the younger (age range 20-30 years) and the paramedical staff.

PTSD and SAD are more pronounced among those with the fewest years of experience.

We obtained a positive Pearson Correlation between PTSD and SAD (r=0.513).

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) demonstrate a high degree of comorbidity, especially in the healthcare field. Overall, researchers reveal that the link between PTSD and SAD is complicated, owing to a variety of factors such as a person’s genes, trauma history, and psychological vulnerabilities so large-scale epidemiological investigations are required.

None Declared

The disease burden due to non-specific, functional, and somatoform disorders is high. An unknown part of these medically unexplained symptoms belongs to factitious disorders. When it comes to deciding whether a patient is able to work, it is essential to differentiate a somatoform disorder from a factitious disorder.

The aim is to highlight, on the one hand, the differences between somatoform disorder and factitious disorder and, on the other hand, the potential impact of misdiagnosis in medical expertise regarding eligibility for a disability income.

A case report of Ms A. a 42-year-old Caucasian woman. She worked as a 100% fiduciary accountant until the age of 32 when she was placed on medical leave due to persistent trigeminal neuralgia. Subsequently, she developed total blindness, accompanied by distress in a crucial emotional context. A diagnosis of factitious disorder was retained by an expert psychiatrist, with severe consequences for her, such as disability income suspension and family conflict. We evaluated Ms. A. in our multidisciplinary medical expertise service for a disability income review.

The patient reported a total absence of light perception in both eyes (subjective), not confirmed by objective ocular examination and spécific neuro-ophthalmological examination.

Psychiatric examination revealed that Ms. A. had been sexually assaulted at age of 7 and sexually abused for a year by her teacher at age of 14. Regarding the identity of the first abuser, she describes that she “can’t see his face” and that the multiple sexual assaults during her teenage years took place in the classroom after school, with the teacher “pulling down the window shades so it was totally dark.” She explains that, defensively, to avoid thoughts related to the traumatic experience, she was heavily invested in her studies. But, at the age of 30, after separation with her first boyfriend, diffuse pain and progressively total blindness appeared.

We concluded the diagnoses of pain disorders related to psychological factors and a dissociative neurological symptom disorder with visual disturbance.

Blindness not explained by a physiologic process may accompany trauma and psychological distress, with the search for the link between the onset of symptoms and significant unconscious psychic conflicts being crucial in the psychiatric investigation. A new diagnosis of dissociative neurological symptom disorder with visual disturbance (6B60.0) is included in the ICD-11. It is characterized by visual symptoms such as blindness, tunnel vision, diplopia, visual distortions, or hallucinations that are not consistent with a recognized disease of the nervous system, other mental, behavioral, or neurodevelopmental disorders. Differentiating this pathology from factitious disorder or simulation is essential from an insurance medicine point of view, but also for its treatment.

None Declared