The armed conflict in Colombia manifests and lasts as barbarism in the contemporary world (Zuleta, 2006). Against this background, it is possible to identify among the victims the prevalence of pathologies associated with traumatic events such as forced displacement (Andrade, 2008). Studies indicate a harmony between resentment and other psychosocial effects (Arcos, Muñoz, Uribe, Villamil, Ramos, 2018).

The results of the study are presented, which has aimed to analyze the relationship between resentment and forgiveness with victims of forced displacement in three cities of Colombian.

A correlational study has been carried out with a sample of 40 (n = 40) subjects of which 52.5% are men and 47.5% women, the mean age is 57.52 (σ = 13.591), all with a history of forced displacement; to the data collection has been used the CAPER instrument of Rosales, Rivera and Garcia (2017) (α = .592).

There is evidence of a positive bilateral correlation between the variables studied (r = .000; p = .681), the greater the personal restoration, the greater the feeling of guilt.

It is important that the intervention processes designed for the victims of forced displacement focused on forgiveness include in their content elements associated with resentment.

Multiple epidemiologic and clinical studies have explored the relationship between physical pain and suicidal thoughts and behaviours.

The aim of this meta-analysis was to provide an update of the data already present in literature about this specific association in adults.

Starting from a meta-analysis published by Calati and colleagues in 2015, 28 studies were included in this work. After searching on Pubmed (until March 2020), data were extracted from articles comparing the rates of current and lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviours (death wish, suicidal ideation, suicidal planning, suicide attempt and suicide death: DW, SI, SP, SA, and SD) in adults with any type of physical pain and in individuals who did not report this condition. Data were analysed using Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager software (RevMan, version 5.4).

Although high between-study heterogeneity was detected in most analyses, results suggested that adults with physical pain are more likely to report any form of suicidal outcome, except for death by suicide, compared to individuals not affected by pain. No evidence of publication bias was reported in the main analysis (lifetime SA).

Collected data are therefore in line with previous literature on this topic, which considered physical pain an extremely relevant risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Future studies should specifically focus on alternative types of physical pain (such as medically unexplained pain or psychogenic pain) or explore the different impact of acute versus chronic pain in terms of increased suicide risk.

As Dame Cecily Saunders said, “How people die remains in the memory of those who live on.” For Muslim people, funerals and burial procedures are crucial moments that help them come to terms with the loss of a loved one. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted usual experiences of grief since funerals and burials are held without the presence of family. Approaches to support grief are needed to be adapted to these particular circumstances.

Describe the lived experiences of grief of the Muslim Tunisian family for patients who died due to COVID -19.

This was a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. Data of patients who died due to COVID -19 were collected. One family member or more of each deceased was contacted. Semi directive interview was conducted to help participants to describe the lived experience.

30 persons participated in this study. The reactions of participants towards death were crying, being sad, and being choked. The reactions of grief were influenced by several factors. These included: the circumstances of the deceased, relationship with him, the hospitalization in an intensive care unit, doctors’ expectation, and the average length of stay in hospitals before the death. Islamic religious beliefs influenced the way family experienced grief, mainly toward the management of the dead body and the imposed funeral protocol.

This study describes the devastating impact of COVID-19 toward lived experiences of grief of Muslim Tunisian. In light of these results, grief therapies should be adapted and evaluated in this population.

No significant relationships.

Suicidal phenomena help seeking depends on a broad array of factors, which include climatic variables. Our aim was to analyse the effect of precipitation with help seeking in patients suffering from suicidal behaviour

Our aim was to analyse the effect of precipitation with help seeking in patients suffering from suicidal behaviour

Daily urgency visits from suicidal phenomena (including suicide attempt and ideation) were extracted from electronic medical records of Hospital Universitario La Paz from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019. Precipitation data (measured as accumulated litres per square meter) was obtained from a local climate station. Spearman correlation was estimated

The Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.04(p = 0.48)

Precipitation did not influence help seeking for patients affected by suicidal phenomena

No significant relationships.

The COVID-19 social lockdown imposed important limitation to non-emergency health care services in Italy, between March and May 2020, with many difficulties in the mental health assistance of those chronic conditions needing a continuative therapeutic support.

Our study aimed to describe how therapeutic activities have been carried on by remote services in two Adolescent Psychiatric Day Hospital Units (Rome and Turin) and the outcome of these assistance interventions in youths with subacute psychopathology.

The patient cohort includes 162 adolescents (12-19 years old; QI>70) DH outpatients presenting a complete clinical and neuropsychiatric assessment before the lockdown. During the several phases of COVID-19 quarantine all patients were monitored and supported by telemedicine interventions. All data were recorded and standardized every 15 days: symptom severity was rated by global severity (CGI-S) and stress level by self-reported measures of stress (IES-R).

Among patients, CGI score remained stable, IES-R score declined over time: higher IES-R score was significantly associated with female gender and but no differences was observed related with the primary diagnosis. 5 patients presented a clinical acute state needing a hospitalization. The rate of hospitalization was not significantly different compared with the rate observed in the same period of 2019.

In youth with psychopathological conditions, remote assistance for psychiatric cares resulted effective and it was associated with a clinical stability with decreasing stress levels.

No significant relationships.

Early Career Psychiatrists (ECPs) are routinely at the front line of clinical practice worldwide, including the use of compulsory measures in psychiatry. However, ECPs practice in this aspect is understudied.

The aims of the study were (i) to clarify whether ECPs experience any difficulties in the process of compulsory psychiatric care; and (ii) to find out how ECPs consider compulsory measures in psychiatry.

An online anonymous survey of ECPs around the world was conducted in July-August 2019. The final sample had 142 psychiatrists (53% female; mean age 32.3±3.1) from 43 countries. Results. 96% of the Early Career Psychiatrists who responded to this survey agree with the continued use of the current legal framework for compulsory psychiatric treatment in their country, either with or without amendments. More than half of the respondents (57%) reported difficulties in providing compulsory psychiatric care due to either challenging interactions with the courts, documentation issues or moral concerns. Over half of the participants (53%) were keen to reform the legal procedures for compulsory psychiatric care in their countries.

The study has shown that there is an agreement among ECPs around the world that legal compulsory psychiatric care procedures are relevant and useful in clinical practice under certain circumstances. As stakeholders, ECPs could be encouraged and involved in adding their own experience and opinions to the debate on the employment of coercion in psychiatry as an ethical and legal issue.

No significant relationships.

The Promoting Activity, Independence and Stability in Early Dementia (PrAISED) is delivering an exercise programme for people with dementia. The Lincolnshire partnership NHS foundation Trust successfully delivered PrAISED through a video-calling platform during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This qualitative case-study identified participants that video delivery worked for, and highlighted its benefits and challenges.

Interviews were conducted with participants with dementia, caregivers and therapists, and analysed through thematic analysis.

Video delivery worked best when participants had a supporting carer, when therapists showed enthusiasm and had an established rapport with the client. Benefits included time-efficiency of sessions, enhancing participants’ motivation, caregivers’ dementia awareness and therapists’ creativity. Limitations included users’ poor IT skills and resources.

The COVID-19 pandemic required innovative ways of delivering rehabilitation. This study supports that people with dementia can use tele rehab, but success is reliant on having a caregiver and an enthusiastic and known therapist.

Bipolar depression is not strictly clinically identical to unipolar depression.

To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with bipolar depression and to identify factors linked to bipolar depression.

This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study carried out at the psychiatric department of the University Hospital of Mahdia. We have included 26 patients with bipolar depression and have compared them to 26 patients with unipolar depression. The data were collected from patients’ medical files. The analytical study has been made using Chi2 tests. The threshold of p<0.05 was considered as significant.

The mean age was 45 years. The majority of patients were male (61.5%) and unemployed (69.2%). Half of the patients were married. Alcohol consumption was found in 30.8% of cases. Family history of bipolar disorder and attempted suicide were present in 27% and 11.5% of cases respectively. A hospitalization number greater than or equal to 4 was found in 54% of cases. Personal history of suicide attempts was found in 46.2% of cases. At the psychiatric examination, psychomotor retardation, anxiety and psychotic and atypical characteristics were present in 73%, 31%, 42.3% and 7.7% of cases respectively. 46.2% of patients were treated with antidepressants in combination with a mood stabilizer. Antipsychotic treatment was combined in 80.8% of cases. A significant difference was noted for the number of hospitalizations, anxiety and antipsychotic treatment.

An early distinction between bipolar and unipolar disorders is crucial for the treatment of both diseases.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused employment related challenges worldwide. Adults diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are especially vulnerable, due to pre-existing employment challenges, intolerance to changes and uncertainty and high levels of related anxiety.

To examine COVID-19 related changes in work experiences and mental health of employees with ASD who held a steady job before the COVID-19 outbreak.

Data were collected from 23 participants diagnosed with ASD (4 females), aged 20–49, who answered an online administered survey at two timepoints: prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, and during the outbreak. Self-reports included measures of background and employment status; mental health (General Health Questionnaire-12); job satisfaction (Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire); and satisfaction of psychological needs at work (Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration – Work domain).

Participants who continued to physically attend work maintained pre-COVID-19 levels on all assessed variables. Participants who transitioned to remote work from home preserved their salary levels and job satisfaction, but showed a marginally significant deterioration in mental health and a significant decrease in the satisfaction of their needs for competence and autonomy at work. Unemployed participants showed a significant decrease in mental health.

Results highlight employment as a protective factor from the potential negative implications of COVID-19 on mental-health of employees with ASD. Employees who transition to working from home require personalized work-support plans due to the possible negative effects of this transition on mental health. Maintaining the routine of physically reporting to work should be preferred, when possible.

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder. While research focus remains mainly on negative outcomes, it is questionable whether we are placing enough emphasis on improving their sense of well-being and functioning. This could be accessed through the study of the quality of life (QoL). To date, QoL prediction models mainly focused on neurocognition and psychotic symptoms, but their predictive power remained limited.

The aim is to accurately predict the QoL within schizophrenia using unsupervised learning methods.

We computed variables from 952 patients from the CATIE study, a randomized, double-blind clinical trial for schizophrenia treatment. QoL was measured using the Heinrichs-Carpenter Quality of Life Scale and potential predictors included almost all available variables: symptoms, neurocognition, medication adherence, insight, adverse effects, etc. By optimizing parameters to reach optimal models, three linear regressions were calculated: (1) baseline predictors of 12-month QoL, (2) 6-month predictors of 12-month QoL, and (3) baseline predictors of 6-month QoL. Adjustments were made to ensure that included variables were not collinear nor redundant with QoL.

Calculated models had adjusted R-squared of 0.918, 0.922 and 0.913, respectively. Best predictors were medication side effects, sociodemographic and neurocognitive variables. Low psychotic and depressive symptoms were also included, as well as lab values suggesting the absence of problems with chloremia and calcemia.

Calculated predictive models explain almost all subsequent QoL. It appears that physical health variables, generally omitted from mental health-related studies, have an important impact on patients’ QoL. Therefore, interventions should also consider these aspects.

No significant relationships.

The year 2020 was marked by the COVID-19 pandemic that killed more than one million people. Scientists around the world are looking for prophylactic treatment against this virus.

The objective of our study was to assess the acceptability of prophylactic treatment against COVID-19 by paramedics.

Descriptive and cross-sectional study including paramedics (nurses, orderlies) from the military hospital of Tunis. Data collection was carried out by a clinical psychologist. We studied the acceptability of prophylactic treatment by paramedics, reasons for refusal and factors that may affect this choice.

A total of 161 paramedics agreed to answer our questionnaire. The average age was 37.73 years. The average number of years worked was 14.95 years. There were 85 women (52.8%) and 76 men (47.2%). Only 59 (36.6%) agreed to take prophylactic treatment for COVID-19. The main reason for refusal was fear of side effects 57 (34.7%). Sufficient hindsight was the main factor that could make them change their decisions. This refusal was definitive for 55 (34.2%) paramedics.

Fear of drug side effects exceeds the fear of COVID.19. An information and communication strategy on the value of prophylactic treatments during a pandemic must be developed.

Following the national lockdown in the UK in March 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we instigated regular online tutorials for fourth year medical students undertaking their psychiatry placement.

The aims of these tutorials were threefold: to ensure that students covered a range of key psychiatry topics, to enable them to have the opportunity for interactive tutorials with experienced psychiatrists and, not least, to create a sense of continuity and connection with their tutors and peers across the mental health block.

Each student was allocated to a tutorial group comprising 10 – 15 medical students and a psychiatrist facilitator. These groups met weekly for 7 consecutive weeks at an agreed time for 60 – 90 minutes via an online platform and all covered the same allocated topic each week. We evaluated these groups via an online survey sent to the students following the programme.

The students rated the tutorials on average as 4.5/5 on whether they met the defined learning outcomes. On average the students did not consider that the virtual format made a significant difference to their learning, but this disguised a wide range of views that were expressed via a comment box.

The evaluation of this project supports the use of virtual tutorials as a valuable learning tool but educators need to be aware that student views’ on these can be varied and so, long-term, a blend of virtual and face to face learning is most likely to meet the needs of all students.

Studies from the beginning of 2020 show that symptoms of depression and anxiety are increasing among health care workers. It is important to assess the dynamics of health care workers mental health.

To assess the dynamic of symptoms of depression and anxiety among health care workers over a 3-month period during the COVID-19 pandemia in Latvia.

A longitudinal cohort study of symptoms of depression and anxiety in the population of physicians, physician assistants and nurses in Latvia during the COVID-19 pandemia. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale, symptoms of anxiety were assessed using the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, cut-off score for both scales was 10. Initial data was collected on April-May 2020 with a 3 month follow-up.. Data was analyzed using SPSS- Related-Samples McNemar test.

348 physicians were initially included (women 83,9%, mean age 45,17±14,02) and 376 physicians assistants and nurses (women 88,2%, mean age 39,99±12,97). After the 3-month follow up 189 physicians (women 88,40%, mean age 45,01±13,57) and 141 physicians assistants and nurses were left (women 88,00%, mean age 39,96 ±12,59). During the 3 months symptoms of depression among physicians rose from 26,80% (n=94) to 27,5% (n=52), symptoms of anxiety from 17,70% (n=62) to 20,6% (n=39). Depression symptoms among physician assistants and nurses dropped from 25,50% (n=96) to 23,9% (n=34), symptoms of anxiety stayed almost the same 18,20% (n=68) to 18,30% (n=26). Symptoms of depression among physicians changed from 26,80% (n=94) to 27,5% (n=52), symptoms of anxiety from 17,70% (n=62) to 20,6% (n=39), changes were not statistically significant (p=0,281; p=0,725). Symptoms of depression among physician assistants and nurses changed from 25,50% (n=96) to 23,9% (n=34), symptoms of anxiety from 18,20% (n=68) to 18,30% (n=26), changes were not statistically significant (p=0,405; p=0,664).

No change in the dynamics of symptoms of depression and anxiety among health care workers over a 3-month period during the COVID-19 pandemia in Latvia was observed.

Lockdown resulting from the experienced pandemic has had a great influence on the emotional and social well-being of the general population. Specifically, it is known that those with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their caregivers had to overcome several challenges during this period. Moreover, this situation has influenced the professionals who work in this field.

The aim of this study is to describe the impact, the learnings and the challenges that have arisen for the patients with ASD, their families and professionals during the coronavirus outbreak through progenitors’ and professionals’ perceptions.

A qualitative research design using focus groups was selected to identify and discuss participants’ experiences, beliefs, perceptions and attitudes. The target population consisted on parents with children with ASD and professionals who work with them. Data was collected via two focus groups. A content was made using the program Atlas.ti to determinate the principal categories and themes that describe the COVID-19 impact.

Findings widely describe the problems faced and difficulties experienced by this population during lockdown and after it. As well as the challenges, opportunities and learning that this situation has offered.

Reflections derived from the study manifest the need of thinking about new models of intervention with children with ASD and their families. Greater attention must be paid to parents’ experiences in order to attend to the actual demands of patients and their caregivers contextualized within our current changing situation.

Studied the psychological mechanisms of mental states’ self-regulation of students in the course of the educational activities: at lectures, seminars and exams.

The main aims of the study were: 1. To identify the typical methods and techniques of mental states’ self-regulation and regulatory abilities in everyday and stressful conditions of educational activity; 2. To establish the relationships between the quality of subject training, regulatory abilities and states of students; 3. To study the influence of mental structures (semantic, reflective) on self-regulation and regulatory abilities of students.

To solve these problems used a bank of 23 techniques, including 303 indicators. 260 1-st year students took part in the research (aged 18-20).

As a result of the research, identified the states typical for lectures, seminars, exams. Comparison of mental states characteristics of humanities students and students of natural sciences did not reveal any differences. Among the mental states of highly effective students, particular importance have the cognitive mental states: interest, thoughtfulness and concentration. Found that the effectiveness of students’ mental states self-regulation affects the productivity of passing the semester exam. The most commonly used methods are introspection (withdrawal), self-control, the use of logic, a positive attitude and search activity. This pattern is typical for both mathematics and psychology students.

Found that students with high self-regulation efficiency more often use a wide range of regulatory technics. Established the properties of personality, providing high efficiency of self-regulation, these are: adequacy, awareness, independence and assertiveness. This work was supported by the RFBR grant № 19-29-07072.

No significant relationships.

The H2020/PERISCOPE project, including 32 partners from European universities & agencies, began 1st November 2020 and will last 36 months. The overarching objectives of PERISCOPE are to map and analyse the unintended impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak; develop solutions and guidance for policymakers and health authorities on how to mitigate the impact of the outbreak; enhance Europe’s preparedness for future similar events; and reflect on the future multi-level governance in the health as well as other domains affected by the outbreak. During this session we will report about early lessons learnt from the mapping and assessments of the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on mental health at national and subnational level in the EU with respect to individuals, communities and societies. Further, we will comment on their comparability. The aim is to explore differences between countries regarding the occurrence of mental ill health, and especially the impact on vulnerable groups, and how this is related to exposure to SARS-CoV-2, differences in policies over time, and effects on the economy. We will reflect on the short- and long-term consequences on mental health and health inequalities, report on the ongoing development of holistic policy guidelines for health authorities & other authorities, and from the analysis of multilevel governance, at local, regional and national level, memberstate – EU-level, and EU - global governance level. PERISCOPE will continue collecting data and updating a common data ”Atlas”, which would lead the consortium to engage in modelling and experiments to provide “continuous nowcasting” of the outbreak.

No significant relationships.

Introduciton: Repetetive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective and safety noninvasive technique for treatment of major depression disorder (MDD). There is a body of increasing evidences on the potential molecular mechanisms underlying its effectivity even in case of treatment resistant depression (TRD), however, the exact mechanism is still not clarified. Among multiple biological systems, inflammation can be a target of rTMS in MDD (Tian et al. 2020; Tateishi et al. 2020).

Here we analysed serum cytokine levels in TRD before and after rTMS interventions.

We used bilateral stimulation (15Hz for left DLPC and 1Hz on the right side) in 18 patients with TRD (5 men and 13 women; mean age=47.7±12.1 year) for 2x5 days. Blood samples were collected before the first (V1) and after the last inetrevntion (V2). Phenotypic changes were measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT) modified by Golden. Inflammatory cytokines were assessed by ELISA assays.

Change of BDI and BAI scores between V1 and V2 is associated with difference of TNFalpha levels (p=0.043; adj.R2=0.42 p=0.011; adj R2=0.43). Decrease on SHAPS score has been depended on IL-6 level (p=0.027) and the interaction of TNFalpha and IL-10 (p=0.005; adj R2=0.63). Sleep disturbance and neurocognitive function was not associated with cytokine levels.

Our results confirmed the association between depressive, anxious and anhedonia symptom improvement and inflammatory mechansims during rTMS treatment. The study was supported by the OTKA 151513 grant.

There are several sets of skills first set of skills which psychiatrists should acquire before or as early as possible after starting their career. THe first of those are communication skills – including those of listening, speaking clearly and convincingly, negotiating and writing scientific and other types of documents. A second set of skills are those that will enable psychiatrists to understand and use legal documents and materials. The third set of skills that is likely to be useful are skills necessary to function as a physician. These sets of skills combined with the knowledge of the subject of psychiatry should help in building a career in any of the areas open to psychiatrists.. Yet, more important than any of the skills or bits of knowledge that a candidate psychiatrist should have to build a career and be happy with it are the motivation to do psychiatry and the acceptance of a style of work marked by empathy, willing acceptance of ethical principles of medicine and if at all possible infectious optimism. The above array of skills, knowledge style of work are not easily developed and those educating future psychiatrists should be careful in their selection of trainees and resourceful in the provision of training that will create psychiatrists who can advance the health of their patients as well as their discipline and will have a chance to live a rewarding life.

No significant relationships.

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease and its main symptoms are fever, dry cough and difficulty breathing. It spread to several countries, which led the World Health Organization to decree, on March 11, 2020, a pandemic state that deeply affected Brazil. Due to the impossibility of leaving the house, the routine of children with autism was changed. Children in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have a qualitative deficit in social interaction. Clinical and daily observations reinforce several scientific studies that defend the importance of maintaining a routine as stable as possible for people with ASD, without this stability they may become emotionally disorganized, feel discomfort or even irritability.

Investigate the impact caused by social distancing on the development of children and adolescents with autism.

An online questionnaire based on the DIR/Floortime basic map of emotional functional capacity development was distributed in Brazil from April to May, 2020. The results were analyzed using SPSS software.

Results obtained from 122 questionnaires showed that after 30 days of quarantine 20% of children no longer had the characteristic of being able to remain calm and organized for at least 2 minutes; 11% no longer initiates interactions with their parents; 27% demonstrated more protests and anger than before the social distancing; 18% demonstrated more emotions such as anger, fear and intimacy, 28% began to understand their limits and 12% of the children are using greater facial expression during the social distancing.

This study brings results that can help to understand the processes in a child with autism.

Schizophrenia is associated with lower life expectancy due to cardiovascular disease. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) occupies an important place among the main problems. Indicators of hormones regulating metabolism may be appealing candidates as biomarkers of metabolic side-effects. Certain role belongs to genetic factors that might be the basis of sensitivity to development of MetS.

The aim is to study polymorphisms of leptin gene (LEP) and serum leptin concentration in schizophrenia patients with metabolic syndrome.

After obtaining informed consent, patients with schizophrenia (ICD-10: F20) were included: 91 patients for biochemical research and 463 patients for genotyping. Patients were divided into two groups: 46 (119) with MetS; 45 (344) without it. Concentration of leptin was measured on an analyzer MAGPIX (Luminex, USA). Determination of 4 polymorphisms (rs2167270, rs3828942, rs10954173, rs4731426) of LEP was performed by PCR. Differences were considered significant at p<0.05.

The leptin concentration is significantly (p<0.001) higher in MetS (13511.5 [7392.5; 28278.75] pg/ml) compared to patients without MetS (6662 [2131.5; 11380] pg/ml). Significant differences were found in the distribution of rs3828942 (GG:GA:AA): 25.9%:44%:30.2% in MetS and 31.2%:52.6%:16.2% without MetS (χ2=10.545, p=0.005). The genotype AA and the allele A have a predisposing effect on the development of MetS (OR1=2.247, C.I:1.248-4.046; OR2=1.475, C.I:1.093-1.991, χ2=6.49, p=0.01).

A number of features are observed in patients with MetS, which impair the functioning of patients. These investigations should aim to optimize the approach to assess the risk of MetS. The study was supported by grants from the RSF 19-75-10012 (genetic research) and 18-15-00011 (determination of leptin concentration)

The study was supported by grants from the Russian Science Foundation №19-75-10012 (genetic research) and №18-15-00011 (determination of leptin concentration)