The work conditions of electricians have been associated with heavy physical and psychological workloads. It is essential to know the impact of this perceived workload on the mental health of workers.

This study aimed to assess the relationship between perceived workload on the mental health of workers.

The study was conducted among a group of electricians. Data were gathered between January-June 2022 using a self-administered questionnaire including socio-professional characteristics and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). To assess the perceived workload, we choose the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). In this study, we evaluated raw NASA-TLX scores.

Seventy-four workers participated in the study. They were married in 67,6% of cases. The mean age was 39,3 ± 10,5 years. The average job tenure was 15,5 ± 11,2 years. The mean score of K6 was 5,4±4,8. The proportion of respondents with high levels of psychological distress (K6 score of 13 or greater) was 9.5 %. The mean score of mental demand, physical demand, performance, effort, frustration level and temporal demand were respectively 88.8±14, 60.8±23.6, 85.2±13.1, 82.7±15.4, 34.3±29.3 and 61.8±29.2. The frustration level was correlated with high levels of K6 (p = 0.002, r = 0.36).

A high perceived workload was correlated with the altered mental health of workers. Hence, practices and policies should focus on improving working conditions to enhance the mental health of the employees.

None Declared

Mental illness accounts for high levels of morbidity, mortality, and poor quality of life among young people. Globally, 1 in 7 youth between 10-19 years are mentally ill making up 13% of the global burden of disease; depression, anxiety, conduct disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder lead here. Unaddressed mental illness progresses into adulthood disrupting victims’ lives. In Kenya, school going adolescent mental illness is manifested in violent outbursts such as arson attacks, intimate partner violence and riots in school. Not much is documented of non-school going adolescents and children in Kenya even while it is estimated that they number about 1.8 million. To seek help for mental illness, one has to recognize and understand it causes.

An ethnographic study exploring rural based Kenyan adolescents’ conceptualizations, causes and management options for Depression, Schizophrenia and anxiety among the rural Turkana community of Northern Kenya.

An ethnographic study exploring rural based Kenyan adolescents’ conceptualizations, causes and management options for Depression, Schizophrenia and anxiety among the rural Turkana community of Northern Kenya. We conducted Focus Group Discussions with 32 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 divided into four groups; school going girls and non-school going girls and a similar two groups for boys. We first read out scenarios in which the main character exhibited symptoms of one of the three mental health conditions and analyzed the data thematically.

32 participants described the health conditions without referring to the local names we had collected earlier; Depression (Akiyalolong) Schizophrenia (waarit/ Ngikerep) Anxiety (Ngatameta naaronok). Participants conceived the three conditions as resulting from extreme sadness attending loss, traumatic event, curses and rarely as mental illness. They assigned curses, guilt, hunger pangs, evil spells as causes and believed friends and age-mates, parents, teachers, the local chief among other options could help and rarely medical intervention.

Interventions to improve the adolescent’s knowledge of mental illness is needed so they can seek help for themselves and possibly help others.

None Declared

Brunner syndrome is a recessive X-linked disorder characterized by impulsive aggressiveness and mild mental retardation associated with Monoamine Oxidase – A (MAOA) deficiency (Brunner et al. Science 1993; 262 578-580).

To present a REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) case in a patient with Brunner syndrome.

The present study is a case report of a patient followed in our hospital’s outpatient care. We also searched for previous case reports of sleep disorders and other clinical features in Brunner syndrome using a pubmed query.

A 46-year-old Spanish male, diagnosed with Brunner syndrome due to the mutation c.1438A>G/iVS14-2 A>G, a loss-of-function mutation in the X-linked MAOA gene. He suffers from mild mental retardation and psychotic disturbances treated with SSRI and antipsychotic drugs. The patient was referred to our outpatient care to assess his sleep abnormal behaviors. He had been presenting with episodes of sleep-related vocalization and complex motor behaviors during sleep for the last 3 years, correlating with dream mentation. His relatives recounted episodes of talking, screaming, gesturing, kicking, falling out of bed and crying during sleep. Dream content referred by the patient was often related to persecutions, attacks and fights.

Polysomnography revealed vocalization and gesticulation during REM sleep compatible with the diagnosis of RBD. The addition of clonazepam to his treatment at doses of 1-3 mg per day achieved significant clinical response of the sleep disorder.

The clinical presentation suggested the diagnosis of RBD case in a patient with Brunner syndrome. Although sleep disorders are not one of the most important or frequent clinical features in Brunner syndrome, they are described in the literature and can significantly affect the patient’s quality of life. To our knowledge, this is the first report about clinical management of RBD case in Brunner syndrome.

None Declared

COVID-19 has had a significant impact on our daily lives in a variety of ways. In hospital settings, patients who are admitted on COVID-19 wards are usually isolated from their family and friends. This, in turn, can lead to patients feeling lonely and having increased level of anxiety.

To assess the level of anxiety and feeling of loneliness amongst the patients during their in-patient stay in a COVID-19 ward.

We aimed to highlight what could be done differently to reduce the amount of anxiety amongst the patients.

We carried out EASe-COVID study to assess level of anxiety and feeling of loneliness amongst the patients during their in-patient stay in a COVID-19 specific ward. We designed 2 questionnaires – 1 for patients, using the GAD-7 anxiety questionnaire and UCLA 3-item loneliness scale and an open-ended questionnaire for staff members. Questionnaires were distributed from January – March 2022 to randomly selected members of healthcare staff and patients on COVID wards. 15 patients returned the anonymised questionnaire, whereas 11 staff members returned the completed questionnaire.

Most of the patients were satisfied with the patient care they received during their stay and did not feel increasingly anxious or lonely during their inpatient stay in the COVID wards. On the other hand, members of the healthcare team felt that they were short staffed and under-trained to deal with the complex patients on the COVID ward. Not being able to spend enough time reassuring patients was a common theme in the responses from the staff questionnaires.

The in-patient stay on COVID wards was generally a positive experience for the patients. However, the study highlighted that the visitation rules and the short staffing were the main issues contributing to anxiety and loneliness highlighted by both staff and patients. It was clear that the staff had a patient centred approach to care, but felt limited by time, experience and staffing.

None Declared

VR-Assisted Therapy (VRT) for auditory verbal hallucinations has been demonstrated to have a significant impact on the symptoms, beliefs, and quality of life of patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, little is known about how these changes are implemented into their lives and on which aspects these improvements occur.

This study aimed to qualitatively explore changes in the quality of life of patients who underwent VRT in the context of an ongoing clinical trial.

Ten consecutive patients enrolled in an ongoing clinical trial were assessed using semi-guided interviews before as well as 3 months after VRT. These encounters have been recorded and transcribed. Then, the content of the participants’ discourse was thoroughly analyzed, leading to the generation of an extensive theme grid. Each utterance was then coded by at least two members of the research team, and each disagreement was then discussed in a group format until a consensus was reached. As the cases were analyzed, the grid was adapted in a back and forth manner. New participants were included until data saturation occurred.

The content analysis allowed the identification of nine main themes representing different aspects of the patients’ quality of life: psychiatric symptomatology, identity, occupations, wishes, interpersonal relationships, lifestyle, psychiatric follow-up, life events, and attitudes/behaviors during the interview. Each theme was then subdivided into more specific codes. By analyzing the evolution of the frequency of each subtheme, it was observed that, following therapy, patients presented with less psychotic symptoms, which were also perceived more positively, a better self-esteem, more hobbies and projects, as well as an overall improved lifestyle and mood.

Investigating how VRT impacts the patients’ quality of life allows for a deeper understanding of how people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia can achieve meaningful changes and move towards a certain recovery process.

None Declared

People with mental disorders (MD) may experience social stigma in various spheres of their lives. This phenomenon is based on negative social beliefs and hostile perceptions about mental disorders. Stigma may lead to social exclusion and discrimination (unjust treatment compared to people without MD). It may also result in resistance to using professional medical help (psychiatrist, psychotherapist) by people who experience symptoms of MD.

The study aims to analyze the attitude of Polish society toward people with mental disorders and the attitude toward psychiatric treatment. The study investigates the correlation between the abovementioned attitudes and socioeconomic parameters of the respondents.

The study was conducted on a group of 1,230 respondents with the anonymous, authorial questionnaire disseminated by the CAWI technique. The questionnaire consisted of 10 single-choice questions concerned with the socioeconomic parameters of the respondents (age, place of residence, education, gender) and their attitudes toward mental health problems. The chi-square test and Kendall’s tau-b correlation coefficient (τb) were used to analyze the correlations between the above parameters (with p<0,05).

Over 33% of respondents believes that people with MD are more aggressive than people who do not present this type of disorder. In turn, 16.4% of respondents admitted that they would feel uncomfortable in the presence of a person with mental disorders. There was no statistically significant correlation between the above beliefs and any socioeconomic parameter. Every tenth respondent would not hire a person with MD. Resistance to employment increased with the respondents’ age and level of education, whereas it decreased with the population of respondents’ domiciles. More than 17% of respondents would feel resistance to contacting with psychiatrist, and 4.1% of them already hide the fact of treatment from their family. The resistance to using psychiatric help was higher in villages and smaller towns than in bigger centers.

The study shows negative attitudes towards people with MD are still relatively frequent in Polish society. The stereotypical perception of this group of entities is generally not dependent on any analyzed socioeconomic parameter. Such correlations exist only in some areas (employment). Because of the negative perception of MD, some people who struggle with these problems do not use a psychiatrist’s professional help. In effect, these entities remain undiagnosed and untreated. Treatment delay may lead to exacerbating symptoms, prolong treatment time (including the necessity of hospitalization), and increase its cost. Reducing the stigma is necessary for counteracting discrimination against people with mental disorders and improving the mental health condition of Polish society. It requires educational activities and appropriate legal regulations.

None Declared

Spina Bifida(SB), in other terms called spine openness, is a prenatal disease occur due to improper closure of the spine of the fetus during the first months of the pregnancy.

Having a disabled child or to observe deficiency in a child regardless of its level is a highly stressful situation for the families. To take care of such children causes an emotional and physical burden on the parents. Thus, this leads to an increase in the level of depression and anxiety on these individuals, causes health related problems and an increase in the drug usage.

Beck depression Inventory and stress coping strategies scale have been applied to 66 parents consisting of 39 female and 27 males. The cut-off scores for Beck Depression Inventory were 1-10 for normal, 11-16 for mild mood disturbance, 17-20 for borderline clinical depression, 21-30 for moderate depression, 31-40 for severe depression. For stress coping strategies scale higher scores correlated with the intensity of coping mechanisms listed on the scale.

Acquired data from 66 parents show a positive correlation between Beck Depression Inventory and Stress coping strategies scale

The lower the individuals BDI scores, the lower the stress coping strategies scale scores were meaning that the intensity of depression correlates with the level of coping mechanisms. This suggests that parents of patients with diseases like SB should get the needed psychiatric help and supportive care during the course of treatment.

None Declared

people suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) can experience post-traumatic growth (PTG), a sense of personal growth and benefit gain. Patients mental health can play an important role in PTG development.

to explore possible differences in mental health according to PTG levels.

the sample was composed of 392 outpatients with MS from Virgen de la Macarena University Hospital (268 women; 124 (31.6 %) men, ages 19-78 years old (mean 45.61 years, SD=11.16 years). Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) mean score was 3.38 (SD=2.06). Relapsing remittent (n=327) and progressive (n=65) MS type were reported. Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PGI-21) measured patients perception of personal benefit gain after MS experience. General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) evaluated Mental Health distress symptoms. Unpaired t-test was used to identify differences in mental health distress between “low PTG ≤49 score” and “high PTG ≥50 score” groups.

Significant differences were found in social dysfunction (t=2.521, p=0.012) and severe depression (t=2.442, p=0.015), “high PTG group” (n=194) presented lower scores compare to “low PTG group” (n=198). No significant difference was detected in somatic symptoms (t=0.185, p=0.087) and anxiety and insomnia (t=0.859, p=0.391).

patients with higher PTG reported a better mental health. This suggests the relevance of mental health status in positive outcomes development after an adverse life event. Particularly, social dysfunction and depressive symptoms should be considered in interventions aimed to promote positive outcomes as personal gain and benefit finding in MS population.

None Declared

Workshop War in Ukraine – a Big Challenge for the Mental Health Care

Abstract of presentation Mental health of internally and externally displaced persons in war period (Ukrainian experience)

Maruta

“Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” State Institution

The presentation is devoted to mental health problems of internally and externally displaced persons during the war. Issues of etiology, pathogenesis and clinic-psychopathological manifestations of mental disorders in displaced persons are considered.

The main focus is on risk, anti-risk factors and stress coping strategies that prevent the development of mental disorders.

The presentation also provided a system of therapy and rehabilitation for internally and externally displaced persons, as well as an evaluation of their effectiveness.

None Declared

Brief Psychotic Disorder (BPD), defined according to the DSM-5 by the presence of delusions and/or hallucinations and/or disorganised speech persisting for at least one day and less than one month, the disturbance not being due to a bipolar disorder or a schizophrenia spectrum disorder or to the effect of a substance. Classically, the prognosis of a BPD is considered to be divided between restitution ad integrum (30%), progression to bipolar disorder (30%), progression to schizophrenia (30%) or repetition of the same form (10%).

The objectives of our study were to evaluate the evolutionary modalities after the first hospitalization for BPD after a follow-up of at least one year and to compare them with the data in the literature.

Our study was retrospective and descriptive. We reviewed the records of patients hospitalised in our department from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2018 for a first BPD and assessed the subsequent course over a minimum period of one year.

We included 70 records of patients hospitalized. Twenty-five patients (35.71%) were lost to follow-up after their first hospitalisation. The remaining patients (64.29%) were divided into 3 groups according to the above-mentioned evolutionary modalities (recovery, recurrence of BPD, progression to schizophrenia, progression to bipolarity). Results were in favour of an evolution towards bipolar disorder (35.55%), towards schizophrenia (44.44%), a relapse of the BPD (4.44%), while 13.33% of the BPDs had no future after an aftercare of at least one year. In addition, one case of evolution towards a chronic delusional disorder of the persecution type was observed.

In the present study, our results tend to be in line with the law of one-third described by some authors despite a slight discrepancy partly explained by the limitations of our study. Although, the outcome of BPD remains unpredictable. The minimum five years of evolution are decisive in assessing the subsequent prognosis.

None Declared

Research shows the benefits of music therapy for various mental health conditions, including depression, trauma, and schizophrenia. Music acts as a medium for processing emotions, trauma, and grief.

Playing instruments can encourage emotional expression, socialization and exploration of various therapeutic themes (i.e. conflict, communication, grief, etc.).

Group music therapy, measured by questionnaires and described in qualitative interviews, improved quality of life and self-esteem for people with severe mental illness (SMI).Group singing and song writing provide creative options for social connections. Music therapy should be considered as a component of holistic care for people with SMI. Jungup Lee, Thyer BA. May 2013Journal of Human Behaviour in the Social Environment 23(5):597-609

Music therapy sessions are held in our hospital for people admitted to short-term hospitalization units and to psychosocial rehabilitation units. The goal of the sessions is to create a connection space, promote people’s confidence in their own resources for their recovery, and evoke valuable experiences and memories. Sometimes musicians from the community have been present in the sessions, contributing to overcoming the stigma towards mental illness.

We describe self-assessment of people admitted to psychiatric units after attending music therapy sessions. People from brief hospitalization unit filled out a survey, after each session, voluntarily, about their emotional state at the beginning of the session and after it. People from rehabilitation units, voluntarily filled the SRS V.3.0. 2002-Miller. Duncan & Johnson escale.The SRS was designed for use by clinicians to assess the therapeutic alliance during therapy (Duncan BL et al. The Session Rating Scale: Preliminary Psychometric Properties of a “Working” Alliance Measure JBT 3(1) 3-12 12/14/04 3:53 PM Page 3).

23 sessions took place for each unit. 39 patients from brief hospitalization, 22 women and 17 men, attended the sessions. 15 had a diagnosis of schizophrenia and related disorders, 13 were affective disorders, and 11 others diagnosis. All of them liked the participation either fully or partially. 76% men and 77% women felt better after, none of them reported to feel worse. 82% men and 86% women replied they would repeat the session.

Patients from rehabilitation units were 7 women and 10 men. 14 had a schizophrenia related disorder and 3 had bipolar disorder. All items on the scale were scored above 9 over 10, (I felt heard, understood, and respected/ We worked on and talked about what I wanted to work on and talk about/ The therapist’s approach is a good fit for me) with an overall score of 9,62 over 10 (Overall, today’s session was right for me).

Music therapy sessions achieve benefits on an emotional level in any of the diagnoses, improving alliance with care teams, who value sessions as normalizing spaces, helping to overcome stigma.

None Declared

Despite the critical role of motivation in psychosocial treatment and rehabilitation, as well as functional outcomes in schizophrenia, service user voices are not always present in setting research agendas on this topic. This is important since the service user’s involvement in the research process helps prioritize research questions (Wykes et al., 2015).

We have begun a consultation process to bridge the gap between research and practice on ‘motivation in schizophrenia.’ The study’s main objective was to produce the means to increase motivation in schizophrenia from the perspective of users.

In the current study, we asked the service users about the priorities for ‘motivation and schizophrenia’ research and also suggested involving service users in research itself as partners. Expert Panels with peer leaders previously involved in psychosocial rehabilitation programs took place. A total of 12 Panels (group meetings) were held during the year with three users (schizophrenia spectrum outpatients) aged 45, 47, and 50, male. The reports were analysed using content analysis to generate main themes and findings (Braun & Clarke, 2006).

The users’ elements of motivation may differ from organizationally defined ones; this may be related to different opinions and ethical standards among clinicians on patients’ autonomy and right to refuse treatment. A discussion of the topics patients have developed to improve the motivation, engagement, and management of patients with schizophrenia in psychosocial treatment and rehabilitation is presented.

The approach successfully generated items for questionnaires that usesr participants declared with a sence of pride in and ownership of. It is, therefore, possible to create measures of motivation that users feel reflect their understanding and experiences. The outcome of this research is that other Russian researchers will be inspired to follow the same patrnership path and encourage service users to participate rather than be subjected to research.

None Declared

Smoking prevalence in patients with mental illness ranges between two to 4 times higher than general population. This higher prevalence has a multifactorial origin, and some of the possible causes are still unknown.

They have a higher prevalence of tobacco-associated diseases and higher mortality.

Additionally, these patients have greater difficulty in treating and quitting smoking.

A relationship has been found between severity of mental illness and smoking. Risk of suicide seems to be higher in patients with higher tobacco consumption. Schizophrenia is the mental illness that has been most closely related to smoking, with a prevalence close to 90%.

The aim of this work is reviewing the current bibliography referring to smoking treatments for patients with mental illness

A literature search using electronic manuscripts available in PubMed database published during the last ten years and further description and discussion of a single-patient clinical case

The treatment of tobacco dependence in patients with mental illnesses is sometimes waited until there is psychiatric stability, which can take a long time in those cases with more severe mental disorders, which can have negative physical and psychiatric consequences.

The combined treatment of cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacological treatment is the most effective approach. Nicotine replacement therapy can be useful, while combined use of antidepressants or anxiolytics is also recommended.

Bupropion has shown efficacy. In patients with schizophrenia it does not seem to worsen positive symptomatology, but improving the negative one. It should not be used in patients with bipolar disorder or bulimia.

Varenicline has shown efficacy in the general population, but limitations were established in patients with mental illness, although it is the drug that has shown greater efficacy. However, is not currently available in our country.

Cytisine is a drug with limited number of studies in the psychiatric population but it may be a reasonable treatment alternative.

The prevalence of tobacco use in patients with mental illness is higher than the general population, especially in paranoid schizophrenia. The consequences on physical health and the evolution of psychiatric illness are very relevant. Based on above, a multidisciplinary and coordinated management involving psychiatrists and other specialists in the treatment of these patients should be desirable.

None Declared

In modern society, mental health in the workplace is increasingly considered an im-portant issue and a major political agenda. Many studies have reported negative mental health risk factors or psychopathologies such as depression, anxiety, and suicidal inclination among workers. Accordingly, there are ongoing debates on the importance of establishing a system to screen and treat psychopathologies, such as the assessment of depression and anxiety. However, the absence of psychopathology or negative psychiatric factors does not guarantee good mental health. Mental health is a more comprehensive and complex concept. According to the World Health Organization, mental health is the state in which an individual can cope with routine stressors in life, work productively, and contribute to their organizations. Hence, it is needed to directly measure workers’ mental health in terms of happiness and life satisfaction.

To comprehensively investigate workers’ mental health, we explored factors associated with happiness and life satisfaction among workers using nationally representative data.

We performed multiple regression analysis, with happiness and life satisfaction set as the outcome measures, and sociodemographic factors and work-related factors as the predictive variables.

A total of 7,797 participants (4,428 men [56.8%]) with a mean age of 46.58 years (SD = 13.50) were included in the analysis. Job satisfaction (β = 0.154, p < 0.001) and self-rated health (β = 0.175, p < 0.001) were the most strongly associated with happiness. Organizational commitment, region of work, average monthly income, education level, and number of guaranteed leaves were also strongly associated with happiness and life satisfaction. Life satisfaction had the highest adjusted R2 at 0.423. The adjusted R2 for happiness and the ladder approach were 0.283 and 0.213, respectively. The variance inflation factor was below 10, and residuals were below 0.1 for all predictor variables.

Our results indicated that personal and work-related factors were associated with the happiness and life satisfaction of workers. Among work-related factors, subjective, intrinsic rewards such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment were more strongly associated than external rewards such as average monthly income or guaranteed vacations. These findings may be useful foundational data in devising policies and interventions to promote workers’ happiness and life satisfaction.

None Declared

Paraphilias constitute a set of psychiatric conditions that are often chronic and require a combination of treatment approaches, such as pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. Sexual interest toward prepubescents and pubescents (pedophilia and hebephilia) is frequently identified in criminal settings, within numerous child sexual abuse and child pornography offenses. The high prevalence rates and negative consequences of these acts, causing distress in multiple important areas of health and functioning, reveal the importance of preventing these offenses as a clinical and social matter. Secondary prevention programs, which provide treatment and support for those with paraphilia disorders before sexually abusive behaviors and legal system involvement, show as ethically and socially necessary.

We aim to discuss and bring insights into the knowledge on pedophilia and hebephilia treatments and prevention programs, in the fields of psychotherapy as well as pharmacologic strategies.

We present a non-systematic review of the updated literature on this subject from the data found on the PubMed and PsycInfo databases.

Preliminary results of recent works show that at-risk individuals with paraphilia disorders are often willing to seek treatment without external pressure from the legal system, and report benefits from early treatments. Most studies found that gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists reduce the risk of child sexual abuse in men with pedophilia. An injectable form has shown to lower this risk 2 weeks after the initial injection, suggesting its use as a rapid-onset treatment option. Cyproterone acetate and medroxyprogesterone acetate are other anti-androgen drugs that inhibit hypersexual behavior, with important side effects to be considered. The combination of androgen deprivation treatment and psychotherapy has a greater effect on preventing fantasies, urges, and behaviours in paraphilic patients. Cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy shows the best results and should soon be initiated in all patients. Biomolecular studies revealed that serotonin and prolactin inhibit sexual arousal, being SSRIs used as first treatment in younger patients, particularly in less severe cases.

Evidence-based treatments from randomized clinical trials for paedophilic and hebephilic disorders are lacking. These current numbers reveal the need for widespread implementation of primary and secondary prevention initiatives, that go beyond the prevention of a repeated offense. There is a need for further research using controlled, randomized trials to examine the effectiveness of sexual offender treatment including psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic interventions. The development of more specific, more effective, and better-tolerated medications for these disorders should be recognized as a program worthy of greater support from government and pharmaceutical industry sources.

None Declared

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive treatment method and the only been approved for medication refractory depression by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, comprehensive knowledge about rTMS is not yet widespread among psychiatrists. The aims of this study were to assess psychiatrists’ knowledge of and attitudes toward rTMS and to determine the contributing factors on knowledge of rTMS in Oman.

A quantitative observational cross-sectional study will be conducted using an online survey. Demographic information, knowledge of and attitudes towards rTMS measures were collected. Both univariate analysis, multiple linear regression was performed to identify the risk factors associated with knowledge levels.

A quantitative observational cross-sectional study will be conducted using an online survey. Demographic information, knowledge of and attitudes towards rTMS measures were collected. Both univariate analysis, multiple linear regression was performed to identify the risk factors associated with knowledge levels.

A total of 50 psychiatrists participated in this study (response rate = 83%). The average age of the participants is 32.7±4.3 years [26.0-41.0], more than half of them were females (n=28, 56.0%), and resident (Junior/Senior) (n=25, 50.0%). The majority of the samples are Omani (n=45, 90.0%), working in the tertiary hospital (n=38, 76.0%). The average scores on knowledge of and attitudes towards rTMS in this sample were 14.5±3.8 and 22.5±6.3, respectively. Linear model showed that senior residents and above had a higher knowledge level than junior residents (ß=4.65, p<.001). Those samples with the rTMS device in their work-place had a higher knowledge level than don’t have (ß=1.88, p=0.027).

Three factors have a directional effect on the level of knowledge among psychiatrists toward rTMS, namely, higher educational level, presence of rTMS device at the workplace and availability of standardized training in Rtms.

None Declared

The Profile of Mood States is one of the most widely used instruments to assess mood states. It is a rapid and economic method of assessing transient affective states (McNair et al. 2003) and it has been translated and validated to several languages including Portuguese. In our country we have several versions, with different factorial structures and number of items. The scale presents a list of feelings and emotions (adjectives) that people commonly experience.

With university students, we have used a version composed of 36 items that evaluates three factors, with good validity and reliability: Depression, Anxiety/Hostility and Positive Affect (Amaral et al. 2013).

However, to be included in digital apps that in addition to ecological momentary assessment parameters require a weekly or even daily assessment of mood states, this version has little usability.

To develop a shorter version of the POMS-36 based on Exploratory Factor Analysis and to analyse its construct validity using Confirmatory Factor Analysis in a sample of Portuguese college students.

765 students (69.2% females; mean age=22.09±2.433; range: 17-26) fill in the POMS-36 and the Perceived Stress Scale (Amaral et al. 2014). The total sample was randomly divided in two sub-samples. Sample A (N=380) was used to EFA and sample B (N=385) was used to CFA.

Through EFA (with varimax rotation and extracting three factors), the four items with the highest loadings in their respective factor were selected. Then, the CFA, carried out with the AMOS, revealed that this three-factor model, with two pairs of correlated errors, indicated a good fit (X2/df= 4.6010; CFI =.9561; GFI =.9406; TLI=.9559; RMSEA=.0687, p[rmsea=0.04]. The internal consistency analysis resulted in α (Cronbach alphas) <.75 for the three factors. Pearson correlations of the three factors - Depression, Anxiety/Hostility, Amability/Vigour – with Perceived stress were all significantly (p<.01) and moderate, respectively: .533, .614 and -.461.

Although much shorter, the new POMS-12 has good validity (construct and divergent-convergent) and reliability, being more suitable in studies that require frequent and rapid self-monitoring of affective states, such as ISABELA (“IoT Student Advisor and Best Lifestyle Analyser”), an app targeting student mental health and well-being in which we have been working.

None Declared

Despite emerging evidence suggesting the efficacy of psilocybin in the treatment of mood disorders such as depression, the exact mechanisms by which psilocybin is able to elicit these antidepressant effects remains unknown.

As the use of psilocybin as a treatment modality for depression has garnered increasing interest, this study aims to summarize the existing evidence of the mechanism of action with which psilocybin alleviates depressive symptoms, focusing specifically on the neurobiological effects of psilocybin in human subjects.

Four databases (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, psychINFO, and Web of Science) were searched using a combination of MeSH terms and free text keywords in September 2021. The original search included both human and animal studies and must have included testing of the mechanism of action of psilocybin. Only antidepressant effects were considered, with no other mood disorders or psychiatric diagnoses included. Two independent researchers screened at every stage of the review, with a third researcher resolving any conflicts. Though a full systematic review outlining the current literature on the complete mechanisms of action of psilocybin on depression was conducted, this abstract will focus specifically on the nine papers that included human subjects, disregarding the five animal models. PROSPERO registration number: 282710.

After removing duplicates, the search identified 2193 papers and forty-nine were selected for full text review. Out of nine papers outlining the mechanisms of action of psilocybin use in human subjects, three papers investigated psilocybin’s effect on serotonin or glutamate receptor activity, two found an increase in synaptogenesis in regions such as the medial frontal cortex and hippocampus. Four found variation in blood flow to the amygdala, two found altered blood flow to the prefrontal cortex, and one found a reduction in delta power during sleep. Four papers found changes in functional connectivity or neurotransmission, most commonly in the hippocampus or prefrontal cortex.

Overall, the exact mechanism of psilocybin’s potential antidepressant effect remains unclear. Multiple pathways may be involved, including alterations in serotonin and glutamate receptor activity, as well as shifts in amygdala activity, neurogenesis, and functional connectivity in various brain regions. The relative lack of studies, and the variety of neurobiological modalities and endpoints used challenged the consolidation of data into consensus findings. Further studies are needed to better characterize psilocybin’s mechanism of action and to better understand the clinical effects of the use of psilocybin in the treatment of depression.

None Declared

The term “neurodevelopmental disorders” was first used in DSM-5. The ICD-11 retained this term, with some changes in the classification compared to DSM-5 and ICD-10.

To identify changes on neurodevelopmental disorders in three classifications.

Review of neurodevelopmental disorders in ICD-10, DSM-5 and ICD-11.

Neurodevelopmental disorders applie to a group of disorders with early onset that affect cognitive and social development. ICD-10 doesn’t have a dedicated group for neurodevelopmental disorders and uses different terminology for specific conditions. DMS-5 replaced term “Mental Retardation” with less stigmatizing “Intellectual Disability”, while ICD-11 proposes term “Disorders of intellectual development”. They continue to be defined on basis of significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour. In recognition of lack of access to locally appropriate standardized measures and due to importance of determining severity for treatment planning, ICD‐11 provide a comprehensive set of behavioural indicator tables. Another big change is made with hyperkinetic disorder, that is classified among behavioural disorders in child and adolescent age in ICD-10. In DSM-5 and ICD-11 is among neurodevelopmental disorders, replaced with term “Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder”. Pervasive developmental disorders that is consisted of eight different subtypes in ICD-10, in DSM-5 and ICD-11 is replaced with “Autism spectrum disorders” category. Guidelines for autism spectrum disorder have been substantially updated to reflect the current literature. According to ICD-11, autism spectrum disorders and ADHD may coexist in an individual, which is useful since there is good evidence that children with this comorbidity can benefit from stimulant medications. Finally, tic disorders in ICD-11 are classified under the Diseases of the nervous system, while in DSM-5 they are placed within neurodevelopmental disorders.

ICD-11 doesn’t deviate significantly from DSM-5 when it comes to neurodevelopmental disorders, which is in accordance with the goal of WHO and APA to harmonize two psychiatric classifications.

None Declared

The main role of prolactin is associated mainly with lactogenesis but additionally it participates in several endocrinological and metabolic processes. The prolactin level may be increased with some antipsychotics such as risperidone, paliperidone, and amisulpride increasing the risk of Bone Mineral Mass (BMM) decrease leading to osteopenia and osteoporosis.

To determine the loss of BMM associated with antipsychotic-related iatrogenic hyperprolactinemia (iHPRL) in a sample of patients suffering of chronic psychotic mental disorder and treated with antipsychotics at least for one year.

A cross-sectional observational and epidemiological study in a sample of 140 patients (males 56.9%; females 43.1%; mean age 48 years), receiving antipsychotics was carried out. After giving informed consent, personal data, prolactin level, antipsychotic use and lifestyle were collected. An evaluation of BMM with a central DEXA Scan was performed. The bone mineral density considering the subject´s age and the peak bone mass in the neck of the femur, hip and in the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4) was obtained. Inclusion criteria: presence of psychotic disorder, age between 18-65 years and treatment with an antipsychotic at least for one year. Statistical analysis was carried out using the statistical software SPSS version 26.0. A significance level α=0.05 was considered throughout the study.

45 out of 140 patients (32,13%) had some BMM lost (osteopenia). The prevalence of osteoporosis was 5.71% (n=8). The median prolactin level in the sample was 46.1 ng/dL ± 33.1. Patients with hyperprolactinaemia showed a higher frequency of osteopenia/osteoporosis (50% with mild iHPRL and 48% with moderate/severe iHPRL) than those with normal prolactin levels (25.7%). A strong and significant relationship between the presence of osteoporosis and the treatment with risperidone was found (p=0.007).

Osteopenia and osteoporosis are associated with hyperprolactinemic antipsychotic. Risperidone was related with a significant increased osteoporosis risk. The rutinary and systematic control of the BMM is crucial in these patients to avoid progressive bone demineralization. Managing strategies should be individualized to avoid bone demineralization and to preserve physical health.

None Declared