We study a Morita-equivalent version of the Zariski cancellation problem.

A finite group G is said to be a fixed-point-free-group (an FPF-group) if there exists an automorphism a which fixes only the identity element of G. The principal open question in connection with these groups is whether non-solvable FPF-groups exist. One of the results of the present paper is that if a Sylow p-group of the FPF-group G is the direct product of any number of mutually non-isomorphic cyclic groups, then G has a normal p-complement. As a consequence of this, the conjecture that all FPF-groups are solvable would be true if it were true that every finite simple group has a non-trivial SylowT subgroup of the kind just described. Here it should be noted that all the known simple groups satisfy this property.

Given integers ν, a and b, when does a pairwise balanced design on ν elements with a triples and b quadruples exist? Necessary conditions are developed, and shown to be sufficient for all v ≥ 96. An extensive set of constructions for pairwise balanced designs is used to obtain the result.

If G is a finite group which has a faithful complex representation of degree nit is said to be a linear group of degree n. It is convenient to consider only unimodular irreducible representations. For n ≦ 4 these groups have been known for a long time. An account may be found in Blichfeldt's book (1). For n= 5 they were determined by Brauer in (4). In (4), many properties of linear groups of prime degree pwere determined for pa prime greater than or equal to 5.

In a forthcoming series of papers these results will be extended and the linear groups of degree 7 determined. In the first paper, some general results on linear groups of degree p, p≧ 7, will be given. These results will later be applied to the prime p = 7.

Let $K$ be a number field, $\bar{K}$ an algebraic closure of $K$ and $E/K$ an elliptic curve defined over $K$. In this paper, we prove that if $E/K$ has a $K$-rational point $P$ such that $2P\ne O$ and $3P\ne O$, then for each $\sigma \,\in \,\text{Gal(}\overline{K}/K\text{)}$, the Mordell–Weil group $E({{\overline{K}}^{\sigma }})$ of $E$ over the fixed subfield of $\bar{K}$ under $\sigma $ has infinite rank.

Generalized Riesz products similar to the type which arise as the spectral measure for a rank-one transformation are studied. A condition for the mutual singularity of two such measures is given. As an application, a probability space of transformations is presented in which almost all transformations are singular with respect to Lebesgue measure.

Using ideas from Shelah's recent proof that a completely separable maximal almost disjoint family exists when $c<{{\aleph }_{\omega }}$, we construct a weakly tight family under the hypothesis $\mathfrak{s}\le \mathfrak{b}<{{\aleph }_{\omega }}$. The case when $\mathfrak{s}<\mathfrak{b}$ is handled in ZFC and does not require $\mathfrak{b}<{{\aleph }_{\omega }}$, while an additional PCF type hypothesis, which holds when $\mathfrak{b}<{{\aleph }_{\omega }}$ is used to treat the case $\mathfrak{s}=\mathfrak{b}$. The notion of a weakly tight family is a natural weakening of the well-studied notion of a Cohen indestructible maximal almost disjoint family. It was introduced by Hrušák and García Ferreira [8], who applied it to the Katétov order on almost disjoint families.

The characteristic numbers of smooth plane quartics are computed using intersection theory on a component of the moduli space of stable maps. This completes the verification of Zeuthen’s prediction of characteristic numbers of smooth plane curves. A short sketch of a computation of the characteristic numbers of plane cubics is also given as an illustration.

Based on a strategy of Kaplansky ([3]), Dixmier proved that a prime, separable C*-algebra is primitive ([1]). As a consequence, when the C*-closure of a countable discrete group is prime, it is primitive. The argument may be regarded as a clever application of the Baire Category Theorem to the spectrum of irreducible representations.

The present note is the first step in adapting this technique to abstract group algebras. For which groups G is the primitive ideal space of k[G] a Baire space? One corollary of our main result is that the space is Baire when k is an uncountable field and G is a polycyclic-by-finite group. This gives an alternate proof of a special case of Passman's theorem that such a k[G] will be primitive when its center is k ([4], p. 379).

Let R be a ring with identity, Mn(R) the ring of n × n matrices over R. The lattice of two-sided ideals of R is carried via A → Mn(A) to form the lattice of two-sided ideals of Mn(R). We wish to study the more complex left ideal structure of Mn(R). For example, if K is a commutative field, then Mn(K) has non-trivial left ideals. In particular Mn(K) has the maximal left ideal consisting of all matrices with some designated column zero. Or for any ring with maximal left ideal M, Mn(R) has the maximal left ideal consisting of all matrices with some column's entries from M. In Theorem 1.2 we characterize the maximal left ideals of Mn(R) in terms of those of R. We briefly study some contraction properties of maximal left ideals in matrix rings. For R commutative we “count” the maximal left ideals of Mn(R) and describe the idealizer of any such ideal; in the case where K is a field we see that the collection of maximal left ideals of Mn(K) can be naturally identified with Pn–1(K) (projective space).

If m ∈ P where P is a p.i.r. (principal ideal ring), then P/ {m} is a commutative ring with unit element. The elements of this ring are designated by ā where a ∈ P. The set of square matrices of order n with elements in P/ {m} forms a ring with unit element. The units in this ring are the unimodular matrices, i.e., the matrices whose determinants are units of P/ {m}.

Shapiro and Forman have presented in (4) an abstract formulation of prime number theorems which includes the various prime number theorems; for primes in arithmetic progressions, for prime ideals in ideal classes etc. The methods of proofs are “elementary” and follow closely Shapiro's proof for the primes in arithmetic progression (for reference see bibliography in (4)).

The author has followed in (1) some ideas of Yamamoto (5) on arithmetic linear transformations to introduce a symbolic calculus in dealing with arithmetic functions. This calculus proved to be very useful in unifying many of the “elementary” proofs in the behaviour of arithmetic functions. In (6) Yamamoto has extended his theory to ideals in algebraic number fields, and with this extension the symbolic calculus of (1) can be extended to cover the abstract case of prime number theorem in countable free abelian groups as discussed in (4).

Let R be a ring satisfying the identity

1

for all x, y, z ϵ R, where (x,y,z) = (xy)z — x(yz). If R also satisfies the identity (x, x, x) = 0 for all x ϵ R, then R is alternative. It is known that if R satisfies (1), it need not be an alternative (see 6). Thus, the class of rings satisfying (1) is a non-trivial extension of the class of alternative rings. P. Jordan remarked that (x, x, x)2 = 0 is an identity in R (see 9).

Extending the work of Larson and Todorcevic, we show that there is a model of set theory in which normal spaces are collectionwise Hausdorff if they are either first countable or locally compact, and yet there are no first countable $L$-spaces or compact $S$-spaces. The model is one of the form $\text{PFA}\left( S \right)\left[ S \right]$, where $S$ is a coherent Souslin tree.

This paper is based on part of the thesis of one of the authors (5), submitted at the University of Toronto in 1963. In the first part of the paper a result on induced representations (2, 4, 9) is generalized slightly and a number of corollaries are derived. In the rest of the paper a special case of this result is applied to put the representation theory of the alternating group on a par with that of the symmetric group. A knowledge of the representation theory of Sn (7) on the part of the reader is assumed.

We investigate convergence in a weighted L1 -norm of Hermite-Fejér and Hermite interpolation at the zeros of orthogonal polynomials associated with weights on the real line. The results are then applied to convergences of product integration rules. From the point of view of orthogonal polynomials, the new feature is that Freud and Erdös weights are treated simultaneously and that relatively few assumptions are placed on the weight. From the point of view of product integration, the rules exhibit convergence for highly oscillatory kernels (for example) and for functions of rapid growth at infinity.

In this article, we show to what extent one can improve a theorem of Bombieri, Friedlander and Iwaniec by using Hooley's variant of the divisor switching technique. We also give an application of the theorem in question, which is a Bombieri-Vinogradov type theorem for the Tichmarsh divisor problem in arithmetic progressions.

The most usual diameters in the world are those of a sphere and they all contain its centre. More generally, a chord of a convex body in Rd is called a diameter if there are two parallel supporting hyperplanes at the two endpoints of the chord.

It is easily seen that there are points on at least two diameters. From a result of Kosiński [6] proved in a more general setting it follows that every convex body has a point lying on at least three diameters. Does a typical convex body behave like a sphere and contain a point on infinitely or even uncountably many diameters?

But what is a typical convex body? The space 𝒦 of all convex bodies (d-dimensional compact convex sets) in Rd, equipped with the Hausdorff metric, is a Baire space.

We study sets on which measurable real-valued functions on a measurable space with negligibles are determined by their range.

Recently several fixed-point theorems have been proved for new classes of non-compact maps between Banach spaces. First, Petryshyn [15] generalized the concept of compact and quasi-compact maps when he introduced the P-compact maps and proved a fixed-point theorem for this class of maps. Then in [6], de Figueiredo defined the notion of G-operator to unify his own work on fixed-point theorems and that of Petryshyn. He also proved that the class of G-operators was a fairly large one.

We notice the following facts: (i) The essential idea in the above cases is that if certain finite-dimensional “approximations” of the map have fixed points, then the map has a fixed point; (ii) One of the tools used in proving fixed-point theorems in the finite-dimensional case is the Brouwer degree and its generalization to maps of the type Identity + Compact in [8].