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5563 results in History, Philosophy and Foundations of Physics

Page 70 of 279

On the Determination of the Orbits of Comets
  • According to the Methods of Father Boscovich and Mr de la Place
  • Henry Englefield
  • Published online:
    05 October 2014
    Print publication:
    27 June 2013
    First published in:
    1793
  • When this book first appeared in 1793, there had been no significant work on comets published in English since Edmond Halley's death some fifty years before. In Europe the field was dominated by French astronomers such as Pingré and Laplace, but their ornate styles were often difficult to translate. In this concise monograph, Sir Henry Englefield (c.1752–1822) draws both on this continental work and on his own correspondence with William Herschel to produce one of the few accessible manuals in English for the computation of cometary orbits. He includes mathematical examples as new formulae are introduced, along with detailed tables and appendices. Englefield's particular interest was in the development of scientific instruments suitable for travellers - he devised a portable telescope and lent his name to the Englefield mountain barometer - and his passion for efficiency shines through in this work, still valuable to researchers in the history of astronomy and comet science.

History and Root of the Principle of the Conservation of Energy
  • Ernst Mach
  • Translated by Philip E. B. Jourdain
  • Published online:
    05 October 2014
    Print publication:
    13 February 2014
  • The Austrian scientist Ernst Mach (1838–1916) carried out work of importance in several fields of enquiry, including physics, physiology and psychology. In this short work, first published in German in 1872 and translated here into English in 1911 by Philip E. B. Jourdain (1879–1919) from the 1909 second edition, Mach discusses the formulation of one of science's most fundamental theories. He provides his interpretation of the principle of the conservation of energy, claiming its foundations are not in mechanical physics. Mach's 1868 work on the definition of mass - one of his most significant contributions to mechanics - has been incorporated here. His perspective on the topic as a whole remains relevant to those interested in the history of science and the theory of knowledge. Also reissued in this series in English translation are Mach's The Science of Mechanics (1893) and Popular Scientific Lectures (1895).

Astronomie populaire
  • Description générale du ciel
  • Camille Flammarion
  • Published online:
    05 October 2014
    Print publication:
    20 March 2014
  • French astronomer Camille Flammarion (1842–1925) firmly believed that science should not be the preserve of elites. His passion for the discoveries of his time is palpable throughout this classic introduction to astronomy, which stands as a landmark in the history of popular science writing. It features 360 illustrations, including highly detailed maps of the Moon and Mars, the latter being of special interest for Flammarion as he compared and contrasted it with the Earth. Originally published in 1880, the work won the approval of the Académie Française and the Minister of Public Instruction. This reissue is of the version that appeared in 1881 after 50,000 copies had already reached an enthusiastic readership. Its translation into English as Popular Astronomy (1894) and another accessible work by Flammarion, Le Monde avant la création de l'homme (1886), are also reissued in this series.

Page 70 of 279