The aim of this study is twofold. First, to assess the level of agreement between radiographic damage and functional disability in older people with osteoarthritis. And second, to assess the role of coping skills and sensory pain parameters as sources of disagreement between these variables. To achieve this objective we assess, in a sample of 104 older people with osteoarthritis, the following variables: functional capacity, radiographic damage, pain coping strategies, pain intensity, pain frequency and pain duration. The results show a non-linear relationship between radiographic damage and functional disability, modified by the levels of the two variables. There was maximum agreement between low levels of radiographic damage and of functional impairment, whilst agreement decreased for moderate and high levels of radiographic damage. Certain coping strategies may help to explain this disparity.

This study examines the relationships among stressors, coping strategies, self-efficacy and burnout in a sample of 724 Spanish primary and secondary teachers. We understood stressors as barriers perceived by teachers that interfere with their work meeting learning objectives and which cause them stress and burnout. An analysis of teacher responses using hierarchical regression revealed that pedagogical barriers had significant positive effects on the burnout dimensions. Furthermore, the results show not only the moderator role played by coping strategies in the pedagogical barriers-burnout dimensions relationship, but also the association between self-efficacy and the coping strategies used by teachers. Practical implications are discussed.

The aim of this work was to develop an instrument (Coping Strategies for Skin Problems Questionnaire) suitable for identifying the coping strategies people use for general skin problems. We analyzed its psychometric properties when applied to a sample of 299 individuals. Factor analysis shows a 6-factor structure referring to the wish to change, problem-solving strategies, the search for information and asking for social support, the ability to distance oneself from the problem and to see the positive aspects of the situation. These factors explain 60.77% of the variance and show an internal consistency higher than 0.67. We analyse the validity of the questionnaire and identify different coping profiles depending on the degree of skin damage as assessed by the participants and their search for health services. According to the psychometric properties obtained, we conclude that our instrument is valid and reliable for use with people presenting skin problems.

On the basis of a comparative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, our aim was to determine differential traits of adolescent offenders with respect to personality traits, feelings of guilt, level of anger, and coping strategies. 128 adolescent residents of Barcelona (86 high school students and 42 young inmates aged between 16 and 18 years) replied to a variety of questionnaires (SC-35, EPQ-R, STAXI, ACS). Significant differences between the two groups were found. Young offenders present higher levels of guilt feelings, neuroticism, psychoticism, and trait anger. They also tend to repress their anger or, on the contrary, express it verbally and physically and use passive or avoidance coping strategies. Education and psychological therapy focussed on guilt may contribute to reduce recidivism.

La enfermedad crónica en un niño requiere un ajuste organizativo y emocional acertado del niño y la familia. La manera de adaptarse del niño y la familia a la enfermedad afectará a su bienestar psicológico y a su calidad de vida. Esta revisión resume hallazgos de investigación recientes sobre la relación entre factores de enfermedad, funcionamiento individual y familiar, estrategias de afrontamiento y ajuste psicosocial. Los hallazgos se presentan dentro del marco de tres modelos teóricos complementarios: el enfoque evolutivo familiar, la tipología psicosocial de enfermedades y el modelo de proceso de estrés y afrontamiento. Estos modelos son útiles para una comprensión mejor de las complejas interacciones entre enfermedad, familia y afrontamiento, y ofrecen a los profesionales que participan en la asistencia de niños enfermos crónicos directrices para la evaluación y el desarrollo de programas de intervención. La revisión empieza examinando las repercusiones de la enfermedad crónica sobre el ajuste psicosocial del niño enfermo, sus hermanos y parientes. Luego, se discuten factores que producen estrés psicosocial y factores de riesgo desde el punto de vista de las características relacionadas con la enfermedad y con la familia. Se presentan recursos y estrategias de afrontamiento que se han mostrado relacionados con el ajuste infantil y de los padres, y por último se describen programas de intervención que tienen éxito.

El estudio tenía el propósito de describir las estrategias de afrontamiento en una muestra de familiares básicos de pacientes esquizofrénicos y explorar sus relaciones con las variables siguientes: características socio-demográficas de los pacientes y los familiares básicos, condición clínica de los pacientes y los familiares básicos, y carga subjetiva de estos familiares. Se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre las puntuaciones en elementos de coerción y las puntuaciones en los factores “síndrome desorganizado” y “síndrome de pobreza psicomotora” del Examen del Estado Actual (PSE-9). Se encontró que una duración larga de la enfermedad se asociaba con estrategias de los familiares caracterizadas por comunicación positiva y participación social del paciente. Las estrategias de afrontamiento de coerción, evitación y resignación se asociaban significativamente con la aparición de síntomas de ansiedad y depresivos en los familiares básicos de los pacientes.