We prove new results concerning the additive Galois module structure of wildly ramified non-abelian extensions $K/\mathbb{Q}$ with Galois group isomorphic to $A_4$, $S_4$, $A_5$, and dihedral groups of order $2p^n$ for certain prime powers $p^n$. In particular, when $K/\mathbb{Q}$ is a Galois extension with Galois group $G$ isomorphic to $A_4$, $S_4$ or $A_5$, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the ring of integers $\mathcal{O}_{K}$ to be free over its associated order in the rational group algebra $\mathbb{Q}[G]$.

Let $(A,\mathfrak m)$ be an excellent two-dimensional normal local domain. In this paper, we study the elliptic and the strongly elliptic ideals of A with the aim to characterize elliptic and strongly elliptic singularities, according to the definitions given by Wagreich and Yau. In analogy with the rational singularities, in the main result, we characterize a strongly elliptic singularity in terms of the normal Hilbert coefficients of the integrally closed $\mathfrak m$ -primary ideals of A. Unlike $p_g$ -ideals, elliptic ideals and strongly elliptic ideals are not necessarily normal and necessary, and sufficient conditions for being normal are given. In the last section, we discuss the existence (and the effective construction) of strongly elliptic ideals in any two-dimensional normal local ring.

Let R be an integral domain with $qf(R)=K$ , and let $F(R)$ be the set of nonzero fractional ideals of R. Call R a dually compact domain (DCD) if, for each $I\in F(R)$ , the ideal $I_{v}=(I^{-1})^{-1}$ is a finite intersection of principal fractional ideals. We characterize DCDs and show that the class of DCDs properly contains various classes of integral domains, such as Noetherian, Mori, and Krull domains. In addition, we show that a Schreier DCD is a greatest common divisor (GCD) (Greatest Common Divisor) domain with the property that, for each $A\in F(R)$ , the ideal $A_{v}$ is principal. We show that a domain R is G-Dedekind (i.e., has the property that $A_{v}$ is invertible for each $A\in F(R)$ ) if and only if R is a DCD satisfying the property $\ast :$ For all pairs of subsets $\{a_{1},\ldots ,a_{m}\},\{b_{1},\ldots ,b_{n}\}\subseteq K\backslash \{0\}, (\cap _{i=1}^{m}(a_{i})(\cap _{j=1}^{n}(b_{j}))=\cap _{i,j=1}^{m,n}(a_{i}b_{j})$ . We discuss what the appropriate names for G-Dedekind domains and related notions should be. We also make some observations about how the DCDs behave under localizations and polynomial ring extensions.

Let A ⊂ B be an integral ring extension of integral domains with fields of fractions K and L, respectively. The integral degree of A ⊂ B, denoted by dA(B), is defined as the supremum of the degrees of minimal integral equations of elements of B over A. It is an invariant that lies in between dK(L) and μA(B), the minimal number of generators of the A-module B. Our purpose is to study this invariant. We prove that it is sub-multiplicative and upper-semicontinuous in the following three cases: if A ⊂ B is simple; if A ⊂ B is projective and finite and K ⊂ L is a simple algebraic field extension; or if A is integrally closed. Furthermore, d is upper-semicontinuous if A is noetherian of dimension 1 and with finite integral closure. In general, however, d is neither sub-multiplicative nor upper-semicontinuous.

Given a finitely generated module over a commutative noetherian ring that satisfies certain reflexivity conditions, we show how failure of the semidualizing property for the module manifests in a disconnection of the prime spectrum of the ring.

In this paper, we explore a generalization of the notion of integrality. In particular, we study a near-integrality condition that is intermediate between the concepts of integral and almost integral. This property (referred to as the $\Omega $-almost integral property) is a representative independent specialization of the standard notion of almost integrality. Some of the properties of this generalization are explored in this paper, and these properties are compared with the notion of pseudo-integrality introduced by Anderson, Houston, and Zafrullah. Additionally, it is shown that the $\Omega $-almost integral property serves to characterize the survival/lying over pairs of Dobbs and Coykendall.

This paper deals with the concepts of condensed and strongly condensed domains. By definition, an integral domain $R$ is condensed (resp. strongly condensed) if each pair of ideals $I$ and $J$ of $R$, $IJ\,=\,\{ab/a\,\in \,I,\,b\,\in \,J\}$ (resp. $IJ\,=\,aJ$ for some $a\,\in \,I\,or\,I\,J\,=\,Ib$ for some $b\,\in \,J$). More precisely, we investigate the ideal theory of condensed and strongly condensed domains in Noetherian-like settings, especially Mori and strong Mori domains and the transfer of these concepts to pullbacks.

In this paper we begin with a short, direct proof that the Banach algebra B(l1) is not amenable. We continue by showing that various direct sums of matrix algebras are not amenable either, for example the direct sum of the finite dimensional algebras is no amenable for 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞, p ≠ 2. Our method of proof naturally involves free group algebras, (by which we mean certain subalgebras of B(X) for some space X with symmetric basis—not necessarily X = l2) and we introduce the notion of ‘relative amenability’ of these algebras.

In this paper, we determine some sufficient conditions for an $A\,+\,XB\left[ X \right]$ domain to be an $\text{HFD}$. As a consequencewe give new examples of $\text{HFDs}$ of the type $A\,+\,XB\left[ X \right]$.

If $A$ is a subring of a commutative ring $B$ and if $n$ is a positive integer, a number of sufficient conditions are given for “$A[[X]]$ is $n$-root closed in $B[[X]]$” to be equivalent to “$A$ is $n$-root closed in $B$.” In addition, it is shown that if $S$ is a multiplicative submonoid of the positive integers $\mathbb{P}$ which is generated by primes, then there exists a one-dimensional quasilocal integral domain $A$ (resp., a von Neumann regular ring $A$) such that $S=\{n\in \mathbb{P}|A\,\,\text{is}\,n-\text{root}\,\text{closed}\}$ (resp., $S=\{n\in \mathbb{P}\,|\,\,A[[X]]\,\,\text{is}\,n-\text{root}\,\text{closed}\}$).

Suppose D is an integral domain with quotient field K and that L is an extension field of K. We show in Theorem 4 that if the complete integral closure of D is an intersection of Archimedean valuation domains on K, then the complete integral closure of D in L is an intersection of Archimedean valuation domains on L; this answers a question raised by Gilmer and Heinzer in 1965.

It is proved that if r* is the weak normalization of an integral domain r, then the weak normalization of the power series ring r[[x1,....xn]] is contained in R*[[X1,....Xn]]. Consequently, if R is a weakly normal integral domain, then R[[X1,....Xn]] is also weakly normal.

Let D be an integral domain, and let X be an analytic indeterminate. As usual, if I is an ideal of D, set It = ∪{JV = (J-1)-1 | J is a nonzero finitely generated subideal of I}; this defines the t-operation, a particularly useful star-operation on D. We discuss the t-operation on R[[X]], paying particular attention to the relation between t- dim(R) and t- dim(R[[X]]). We show that if P is a t-prime of R, then P[[X]] contains a t-prime which contracts to P in R, and we note that this does not quite suffice to show that t- dim(R[[X]]) ≥ t- dim(R) in general. If R is Noetherian, it is easy to see that t- dim(R[[X]]) ≥ t- dim(R), and we show that we have equality in the case of t-dimension 1. We also observe that if V is a valuation domain, then t-dim(V[[X]]) ≥ t- dim(V), and we give examples to show that the inequality can be strict. Finally, we prove that if V is a finite-dimensional valuation domain with maximal ideal M, then MV[[X]] is a maximal t-ideal of V[[X]].

An atomic integral domain D is a half-factorial domain (HFD) if for any irreducible elements α1,..., αn, β1,..., βm of D with α1... αn = β1 ...βm, then n = m. In [3], Anderson, Anderson, and Zafrullah explore factorization problems in overrings of HFDs and ask whether a localization of a HFD is again a HFD. We construct an example of a Dedekind domain which is a HFD, but with a localization which is not a HFD. We also give an example of a Dedekind domain where each localization is a HFD, but with an overring which is not a HFD.

Let R be the pullback A ×cB, where B → C is a surjective homomorphism of commutative rings and A is a subring of C. It is shown that R and C are Hilbert rings if and only if A and B are Hilbert rings. Applications are given to the D + XE[X], D + M, and D + (X1,..., Xn)Ds[X1,..., Xn] constructions. For these constructions, new examples are given of Hilbert domains R which are unruly, in the sense that R is non-Noetherian and each of its maximal ideals is finitely generated. Related examples are also given.

Let R be an integral domain. An element u of the quotient field of R is said to be pseudo-integral over R if uIv ⊆ Iv for some nonzero finitely generated ideal I of R. The set of all pseudo-integral elements forms an integrally closed (but not necessarily pseudo-integrally closed) overling R ofR. It is shown that , where X is a family of indeterminates; pseudo-integrality is analyzed in rings of the form D + M; and an example is given to show that pseudo-integrality does not behave well with respect to localization.

We give a simple construction of non-Noetherian Hilbert domains whose maximal ideals are all finitely generated. Such domains we call unruly Hilbert domains.

An R-module is a simple divisible module if it is a nonzero divisible module that has no proper non-zero divisible submodules. We study simple divisible modules and their endomorphism rings, give some examples and determine all simple divisible modules over some classes of rings.

A condensed domain is an integral domain such that IJ = {xy : x ∊ I, y ∊ J } holds for each pair I, J of ideals. We prove that, under suitable conditions, a subring of a discrete valuation ring is condensed if and only if it contains an element of value 2. We also define the concept strongly condensed.

Anderson and Ohm have introduced valuations of monoid rings k[Γ] where k is a field and Γ a cancellative torsion-free commutative monoid. We study the residue class fields in question and solve a problem concerning the pure transcendence of the residue fields.