A one-sided shift of finite type $(\mathsf{X}_{A},\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{A})$ determines on the one hand a Cuntz–Krieger algebra ${\mathcal{O}}_{A}$ with a distinguished abelian subalgebra ${\mathcal{D}}_{A}$ and a certain completely positive map $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{A}$ on ${\mathcal{O}}_{A}$. On the other hand, $(\mathsf{X}_{A},\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{A})$ determines a groupoid ${\mathcal{G}}_{A}$ together with a certain homomorphism $\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}_{A}$ on ${\mathcal{G}}_{A}$. We show that each of these two sets of data completely characterizes the one-sided conjugacy class of $\mathsf{X}_{A}$. This strengthens a result of Cuntz and Krieger. We also exhibit an example of two irreducible shifts of finite type which are eventually conjugate but not conjugate. This provides a negative answer to a question of Matsumoto of whether eventual conjugacy implies conjugacy.

A classical result due to Paley and Wiener characterizes the existence of a nonzero function in $L^{2}(\mathbb{R})$, supported on a half-line, in terms of the decay of its Fourier transform. In this paper, we prove an analogue of this result for Damek–Ricci spaces.

This paper explores the possible use of Schubert cells and Schubert varieties in finite geometry, particularly in regard to the question of whether these objects might be a source of understanding of ovoids or provide new examples. The main result provides a characterization of those Schubert cells for finite Chevalley groups which have the first property (thinness) of ovoids. More importantly, perhaps this short paper can help to bridge the modern language barrier between finite geometry and representation theory. For this purpose, this paper includes very brief surveys of the powerful lattice theory point of view from finite geometry and the powerful method of indexing points of flag varieties by Chevalley generators from representation theory.

Let $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}(m,n)$ (respectively, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}(m,n)$) denote the number of odd-balanced unimodal sequences of size $2n$ and rank $m$ with even parts congruent to $2\!\!\hspace{0.6em}{\rm mod}\hspace{0.2em}4$ (respectively, $0\!\!\hspace{0.6em}{\rm mod}\hspace{0.2em}4$) and odd parts at most half the peak. We prove that two-variable generating functions for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}(m,n)$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}(m,n)$ are simultaneously quantum Jacobi forms and mock Jacobi forms. These odd-balanced unimodal rank generating functions are also duals to partial theta functions originally studied by Ramanujan. Our results also show that there is a single $C^{\infty }$ function in $\mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}$ to which the errors to modularity of these two different functions extend. We also exploit the quantum Jacobi properties of these generating functions to show, when viewed as functions of the two variables $w$ and $q$, how they can be expressed as the same simple Laurent polynomial when evaluated at pairs of roots of unity. Finally, we make a conjecture which fully characterizes the parity of the number of odd-balanced unimodal sequences of size $2n$ with even parts congruent to $0\!\!\hspace{0.6em}{\rm mod}\hspace{0.2em}4$ and odd parts at most half the peak.

We present a complete list of groups $G$ and fields $F$ for which: (i) the group of normalized units $V(FG)$ of the group algebra $FG$ is locally nilpotent; (ii) the set of nontrivial nilpotent elements of $FG$ is finite and nonempty, and $V(FG)$ is an Engel group.

We realize Leavitt ultragraph path algebras as partial skew group rings. Using this realization we characterize artinian ultragraph path algebras and give simplicity criteria for these algebras.

Let $T_{1}$, $T_{2}$ be two Calderón–Zygmund operators and $T_{1,b}$ be the commutator of $T_{1}$ with symbol $b\in \text{BMO}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$. In this paper, by establishing new bilinear sparse dominations and a new weighted estimate for bilinear sparse operators, we prove that the composite operator $T_{1}T_{2}$ satisfies the following estimate: for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}>0$ and weight $w\in A_{1}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$,

$$\begin{eqnarray}\displaystyle & & \displaystyle w(\{x\in \mathbb{R}^{n}:\,|T_{1}T_{2}f(x)|>\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\})\nonumber\\ \displaystyle & & \displaystyle \qquad \lesssim [w]_{A_{1}}[w]_{A_{\infty }}\log (\text{e}+[w]_{A_{\infty }})\int _{\mathbb{R}^{n}}\frac{|f(x)|}{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}\log \bigg(\text{e}+\frac{|f(x)|}{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}\bigg)w(x)\,dx,\nonumber\end{eqnarray}$$

$T_{1,b}T_{2}$

$$\begin{eqnarray}\displaystyle & & \displaystyle w(\{x\in \mathbb{R}^{n}:\,|T_{1,b}T_{2}f(x)|>\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\})\nonumber\\ \displaystyle & & \displaystyle \qquad \lesssim [w]_{A_{1}}[w]_{A_{\infty }}^{2}\log (\text{e}+[w]_{A_{\infty }})\int _{\mathbb{R}^{n}}\frac{|f(x)|}{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}\log ^{2}\bigg(\text{e}+\frac{|f(x)|}{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}\bigg)w(x)\,dx.\nonumber\end{eqnarray}$$

On a compact Lie group $G$ of dimension $n$, we study the Bochner–Riesz mean $S_{R}^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}}(f)$ of the Fourier series for a function $f$. At the critical index $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}=(n-1)/2$, we obtain the convergence rate for $S_{R}^{(n-1)/2}(f)$ when $f$ is a function in the block-Sobolev space. The main theorems extend some known results on the $m$-torus $\mathbb{T}^{m}$.

The direct product $\mathbb{N}\times \mathbb{N}$ of two free monogenic semigroups contains uncountably many pairwise nonisomorphic subdirect products. Furthermore, the following hold for $\mathbb{N}\times S$, where $S$ is a finite semigroup. It contains only countably many pairwise nonisomorphic subsemigroups if and only if $S$ is a union of groups. And it contains only countably many pairwise nonisomorphic subdirect products if and only if every element of $S$ has a relative left or right identity element.

The purpose of this note is to prove the following. Suppose $\mathfrak{R}$ is a semiprime unity ring having an idempotent element $e$ ($e\neq 0,~e\neq 1$) which satisfies mild conditions. It is shown that every additive generalized Jordan derivation on $\mathfrak{R}$ is a generalized derivation.

We study the existence of positive ground state solutions for the following class of $(p,q)$-Laplacian coupled systems

$$\begin{eqnarray}\left\{\begin{array}{@{}lr@{}}-\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}_{p}u+a(x)|u|^{p-2}u=f(u)+\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}(x)|u|^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}-2}u|v|^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}}, & x\in \mathbb{R}^{N},\\ -\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}_{q}v+b(x)|v|^{q-2}v=g(v)+\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}(x)|v|^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}-2}v|u|^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}}, & x\in \mathbb{R}^{N},\end{array}\right.\end{eqnarray}$$

$1<p\leq q<N$

$\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}(x)$

$|\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}(x)|\leq \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}a(x)^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}/p}b(x)^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}/q}$

$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}\in (0,1)$

$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}/p+\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}/q=1$

Let $g$ be an element of a finite group $G$ and let $R_{n}(g)$ be the subgroup generated by all the right Engel values $[g,_{n}x]$ over $x\in G$. In the case when $G$ is soluble we prove that if, for some $n$, the Fitting height of $R_{n}(g)$ is equal to $k$, then $g$ belongs to the $(k+1)$th Fitting subgroup $F_{k+1}(G)$. For nonsoluble $G$, it is proved that if, for some $n$, the generalized Fitting height of $R_{n}(g)$ is equal to $k$, then $g$ belongs to the generalized Fitting subgroup $F_{f(k,m)}^{\ast }(G)$ with $f(k,m)$ depending only on $k$ and $m$, where $|g|$ is the product of $m$ primes counting multiplicities. It is also proved that if, for some $n$, the nonsoluble length of $R_{n}(g)$ is equal to $k$, then $g$ belongs to a normal subgroup whose nonsoluble length is bounded in terms of $k$ and $m$. Earlier, similar generalizations of Baer’s theorem (which states that an Engel element of a finite group belongs to the Fitting subgroup) were obtained by the first two authors in terms of left Engel-type subgroups.

We improve some results in our paper [A. Languasco and A. Zaccagnini, ‘Short intervals asymptotic formulae for binary problems with prime powers’, J. Théor. Nombres Bordeaux30 (2018) 609–635] about the asymptotic formulae in short intervals for the average number of representations of integers of the forms $n=p_{1}^{\ell _{1}}+p_{2}^{\ell _{2}}$ and $n=p^{\ell _{1}}+m^{\ell _{2}}$, where $\ell _{1},\ell _{2}\geq 2$ are fixed integers, $p,p_{1},p_{2}$ are prime numbers and $m$ is an integer. We also remark that the techniques here used let us prove that a suitable asymptotic formula for the average number of representations of integers $n=\sum _{i=1}^{s}p_{i}^{\ell }$, where $s$, $\ell$ are two integers such that $2\leq s\leq \ell -1$, $\ell \geq 3$ and $p_{i}$, $i=1,\ldots ,s$, are prime numbers, holds in short intervals.

We present the second-order necessary and sufficient conditions for quasiconvex and pseudoconvex functions in terms of their second-order regular subdifferentials.

We study the stochastic cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (SNLS) with an additive noise on the one-dimensional torus. In particular, we prove local well-posedness of the (renormalized) SNLS when the noise is almost space–time white noise. We also discuss a notion of criticality in this stochastic context, comparing the situation with the stochastic cubic heat equation (also known as the stochastic quantization equation).

A Heron triangle is a triangle that has three rational sides $(a,b,c)$ and a rational area, whereas a perfect triangle is a Heron triangle that has three rational medians $(k,l,m)$. Finding a perfect triangle was stated as an open problem by Richard Guy [Unsolved Problems in Number Theory (Springer, New York, 1981)]. Heron triangles with two rational medians are parametrized by the eight curves $C_{1},\ldots ,C_{8}$ mentioned in Buchholz and Rathbun [‘An infinite set of heron triangles with two rational medians’, Amer. Math. Monthly 104(2) (1997), 106–115; ‘Heron triangles and elliptic curves’, Bull. Aust. Math.Soc. 58 (1998), 411–421] and Bácskái et al. [Symmetries of triangles with two rational medians, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.65.6533, 2003]. In this paper, we reveal results on the curve $C_{4}$ which has the property of satisfying conditions such that six of seven parameters given by three sides, two medians and area are rational. Our aim is to perform an extensive search to prove the nonexistence of a perfect triangle arising from this curve.

Vanishing cycles, introduced over half a century ago, are a fundamental tool for studying the topology of complex hypersurface singularity germs, as well as the change in topology of a degenerating family of projective manifolds. More recently, vanishing cycles have found deep applications in enumerative geometry, representation theory, applied algebraic geometry, birational geometry, etc. In this survey, we introduce vanishing cycles from a topological perspective and discuss some of their applications.

Let ${\mathcal{S}}$ be the family of analytic and univalent functions $f$ in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ with the normalization $f(0)=f^{\prime }(0)-1=0$, and let $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}_{n}(f)=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}_{n}$ denote the logarithmic coefficients of $f\in {\mathcal{S}}$. In this paper we study bounds for the logarithmic coefficients for certain subfamilies of univalent functions. Also, we consider the families ${\mathcal{F}}(c)$ and ${\mathcal{G}}(c)$ of functions $f\in {\mathcal{S}}$ defined by

$$\begin{eqnarray}\text{Re}\biggl(1+{\displaystyle \frac{zf^{\prime \prime }(z)}{f^{\prime }(z)}}\biggr)>1-{\displaystyle \frac{c}{2}}\quad \text{and}\quad \text{Re}\biggl(1+{\displaystyle \frac{zf^{\prime \prime }(z)}{f^{\prime }(z)}}\biggr)<1+{\displaystyle \frac{c}{2}},\quad z\in \mathbb{D},\end{eqnarray}$$

$c\in (0,3]$

$c\in (0,1]$

$|\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}_{n}|$

$n=1,2,3$

$f$

${\mathcal{F}}(c)$

${\mathcal{G}}(c)$

• ∙ If $f\in {\mathcal{F}}(-1/2)$, then $|\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}_{n}|\leq 1/n(1-(1/2^{n+1}))$ for $n\geq 1$, and

  $$\begin{eqnarray}\mathop{\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }|\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}_{n}|^{2}\leq {\displaystyle \frac{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}^{2}}{6}}+{\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}}~\text{Li}_{2}\biggl({\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}}\biggr)-\text{Li}_{2}\biggl({\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}\biggr),\end{eqnarray}$$
  where $\text{Li}_{2}(x)$ denotes the dilogarithm function.

• ∙ If $f\in {\mathcal{G}}(c)$, then $|\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}_{n}|\leq c/2n(n+1)$ for $n\geq 1$.

In this paper we deal with complete linear Weingarten hypersurfaces immersed into Riemannian space forms. Assuming an Okumura type inequality on the total umbilicity tensor of such hypersurfaces, we prove that either the hypersurface is totally umbilical or it holds an estimate for the norm of the total umbilicity tensor, which is also shown be sharp in the sense that the product of space forms realize them. Our approach is based on a version of the Omori–Yau maximum principle for a suitable Cheng–Yau type operator.

In this article, we establish a Lyapunov-type inequality for the following extremal Pucci’s equation:

$$\begin{eqnarray}\left\{\begin{array}{@{}ll@{}}{\mathcal{M}}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706},\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}}^{+}(D^{2}u)+b(x)|Du|+a(x)u=0 & \text{in}~\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA},\\ u=0 & \text{on}~\unicode[STIX]{x2202}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA},\end{array}\right.\end{eqnarray}$$

$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$

$\mathbb{R}^{N}$

$N\geq 2$