Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T02:39:00.728Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The topics and roles of the situational code-switching of an English-French bilingual

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2008

FRÉDÉRIQUE GRIM
FRÉDÉRIQUE GRIM*
Affiliation:
C104 Clark, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1774, USA e-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Most studies of child bilingualism (Döpke, 1992; Fantini, 1985; Genishi, 1999; Gumperz, 1977, 1982; McClure, 1977; Myers-Scotton, 1993a; Romaine, 1994) concern children raised in a bilingual language community. The present study concerns a four-year-old child in an English-speaking community raised in an environment where his mother only spoke French to him. Two questions were raised: Can a child raised by a non-native parent produce situational code-switching triggered by topic changes? Are there additional topics or roles to add to the previous literature that trigger a young English-French bilingual child to code-switch? The data in this study showed that the child produced situational code-switching. Two novel hypotheses for code-switching were also found: leadership and expression of emotions and sensations. This case-study is important for the field of code-switching in the environment of a non-native parent raising a child in a second language.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of French Language Studies , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , July 2008 , pp. 189 - 208
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Auer, P. (1998). Code-switching in Conversation. Language, Interaction, and Identity. London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Barron-Hauwaert, S. (2004). Language Strategies for Bilingual Families: The One Parent-One Language Approach. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bauer, E., Hall, J. and Kruth, K. (2002). The pragmatic role of codeswitching in play contexts. International Journal of Bilingualism, 6: 53–74.Google Scholar
Becker, K. (1997). Spanish/English bilingual codeswitching: A syncretic model. Bilingual Review/Revista Bilingue, 22: 3–30.Google Scholar
Carlisle, J., Beeman, M., Davis, L. and Spharim, G. (1999). Relationship of metalinguistic capabilities and reading achievement for children who are becoming bilingual. Applied Psycholinguistics, 20: 459–478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, Andrew (1980). The neurolinguistics of second language learning. Summary of proceedings of a symposium sponsored by the Carl and Durga Spiro Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, April 8–11, 1980, pp. 50–53.Google Scholar
Comeau, L., Genesee, F. and Lapaquette, L. (2003). The modeling hypothesis and child bilingual codemixing. The International Journal of Bilingualism, 7: 113–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook-Gumperz, J. (1985). Keeping it together: Text and context in children's language socialization. Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguisticode-switching, 337–356.Google Scholar
Cromdal, J. (1999). Childhood bilingualism and metalinguistic skills: Analysis and control in young Swedish-English bilinguals. Applied Psycholinguistics, 20: 1–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Döpke, Susanne (1992). One Parent-One Language: An Interactional Approach. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Downes, W. (1998). Language and Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Fantini, A. (1985). Language Acquisition of a Bilingual Child. San Diego, CA: College-Hill Press.Google Scholar
Fortkamp, M. (1999). Working memory capacity and aspects of L2 speech production. Communication and Cognition, 32: 259–295.Google Scholar
Foster-Meloni, C. (1978). Code-switching and interference in the speech of an Italian/English bilingual child: Age 6.5 to 8 years. Rassegna Italiana di Linguistica Applicata, 10: 89–95.Google Scholar
Genesee, F., Paradis, J. and Cargo, M. (2004). Dual Language Development and Disorders: A Handbook on Bilingualism and Second-language Learning. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing.Google Scholar
Genesee, F., Nicoladis, E. and Paradis, J. (1995). Language differentiation in early bilingual development. Journal of Child Language, 22: 611–631.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Genishi, C. (1977). Code-switching in Four six-year-old Spanish-English Speakers. Austin, TX: University of Texas.Google Scholar
Genishi, C. (1999). Between psychology and poststructuralism: Where is L2 learning located? TESOL Quarterly, 33: 287–291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, F. (1982). Life with Two Languages: An Introduction to Bilingualism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Gumperz, J. (1977). The sociolinguistics significance of conversational code-switching. RELC Journal, 8: 1–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gumperz, J. (1982). Discourse Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gumperz, J. J. and Hernandez-Chavez, E. (1972). Bilingualism, didialectalism and classroom interaction. In: Cazden, C.B., John, V. P. and Hymes, D. (eds.), Functions of Languages in the Classroom. New York: Teachers College Press.Google Scholar
Harding-Esch, E. and Riley, P. (2003). The Bilingual Family: A Handbook for Parents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Heller, M. (1988). Conversational strategies and contexts for talk: Learning activities for Franco-Ontarian minority students. Anthropology and Education Quarterly, 19: 20–47.Google Scholar
Lanvers, U. (2001). Language alternation in infant bilinguals: A developmental approach to codeswitching. International Journal of Bilingualism, 5: 437–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lanza, E. (1992). Can bilingual two-year-olds code-switch? Journal of Child Language, 19: 633–658.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lanza, E. (2001). Bilingual first language acquisition: A discourse perspective on language contact in parent-child interaction. In Cenoz, J. and Genesse, F. (eds.), Trends in Bilingual Acquisition. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins, pp. 201–229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClure, E. (1977). Aspects of code-switching in the discourse of bilingual Mexican-American children. In: Saville-Troike, M. (ed.), Linguistics and Anthropology. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press, pp. 93–115.Google Scholar
McClure, E. (1981). Formal and functional aspects of the codeswitched discourse of bilingual children. In: Durán, R. P. (ed.), Latino Language and Communicative Behavior. Norwood, NJ: ABLEX, pp. 69–94.Google Scholar
McConvell (1988). MIX-IM-UP: Aboriginal code-switching, old and new. In: Heller, M. (ed.), Code-switching. Anthropological and Linguistic Perspectives. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter, pp. 97–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. (1993a). Common and uncommon ground: Social and structural factors in code-switching. Language in Society, 22: 475–503.Google Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. (1993b). Social Motivations for Codeswitching. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. and Ury, W. (1977). Bilingual strategies: The social functions of code-switching. Linguistic Code-switching, 193: 5–20.Google Scholar
Nicoladis, E. and Genesee, F. (1996). A longitudinal study of pragmatic differentiation in young bilingual children. Language Learning, 46: 439–464.Google Scholar
Nicoladis, E. and Genesee, F. (1997). Language development in preschool bilingual children. Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, 21: 258–270.Google Scholar
Nicoladis, E. and Genesee, F. (1998). Parental discourse and codemixing in bilingual children. The International Journal of Bilingualism, 2: 85–99.Google Scholar
Ochs, E. and Schieffelin, B. (1995). The impact of language socialization on grammatical development. In Fletcher, P. and MacWhinney, B. (eds.), The Handbook of Child Language. Oxford, UK/Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, pp. 73–94.Google Scholar
Romaine, S. (1989). Bilingualism. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Romaine, S. (1994). Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Romaine, S. (1995). Bilingualism. Second edition. Oxford, UK/Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Saunders, G. (1988). Bilingual Children: From Birth to Teens. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar
Scotton, C. and Ury, W. (1977). Bilingual strategies: The social functions of code-switching. Linguistics, 193: 5–20.Google Scholar
Segalowitz, N. and Lightbown, P. (1999). Psycholinguistic approaches to SLA. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 19: 43–63.Google Scholar
Titone, R. (1987). The bilingual personality as a metasystem. The case of code-switching. Rassegna Italiana di Linguistica Applicata, 19: 1–11.Google Scholar
Vygotski, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society. Cambridge, MA/London: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Winford, D. (2003). An Introduction to Contact Linguistics. Malden, MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Yumoto, K. (1996). Bilingualism, code-switching, language mixing, transfer and borrowing: Clarifying terminologies in the literature. Kanagawa Prefectural College of Foreign Studies, Working Papers, 17: 49–60.Google Scholar