ABSTRACT IMPACT: This real-world study of what students value in crisis leadership fills an important gap in the literature and may inform future leadership development programs in undergraduate medical education. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Leadership training is of growing importance and prevalence in medical education. The COVID-19 pandemic provides a unique insight into the qualities students value in leaders. Our qualitative study examined these leadership themes and provides a grounding for future development of leadership programs. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A conventional qualitative approach was used in order to allow open expression of ideas related to leadership in a pandemic. The authors developed a 5 free-text question survey instrument aimed to uncover student perceptions of leadership both during the current pandemic and in crises in general. A participant pilot was performed in order to ensure readability and ease of understanding. We used thematic analysis to examine the content of the survey responses, and inductive coding of the responses allowed identification of emerging themes. Medical students at the University of Michigan were surveyed. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In total, 162 students completed the survey. The demographic characteristics of participants are shown in Table 1. Median age was 25 years old (range, 22-39). There was good representation from the 4 classes in the medical school with 20-30% from each medical school class and 5% of dual degree students. Thematic analysis demonstrated that students value personal characteristics of excellence in their leaders with an orientation towards helping other people. Students believe that leaders must know how to interpret and use information and then that these leaders must be able to communicate expertly to guide organizations. The final theme that emerged is that effective leaders must commit to decisive action. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This study took place at a time of unprecedented crises and response examples were grounded in this real-world practice of leadership. These results and themes that emerged fill a critical gap and may facilitate future curriculum development for medical students and trainees.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Language is the main barrier to equitable access of neuropsychological resources. In our preliminary study, using an Arabic translation of the Global Neuropsychological Assessment (GNA), we assessed 27 Arabic-speaking participants and compared them to English-speaking controls. Our goal was to assess the Arabic GNA’s validity and feasibility. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The Global Neuropsychological Assessment (GNA) is a brief 15-minute assessment of cognition. 27 Arabic-speaking participants were recruited and assessed with the GNA and an Arabic translation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) by community health workers (CHWs). 17 English-speaking participants GNA data were gleaned from a previous validation study and compared to the Arabic sample via independent samples t-tests. Correlations between the GNA sub-tests and Arabic-translated MoCA are reported in the Arabic-speaking sample. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: ): Independent samples t-tests revealed that Arabic and English-speaking groups significantly differed on education (Arabic: M = 10.3, SD = 3.4, English: M = 15.4, SD = 2.43 t(41) = 6.2, p < .05) but not age (p > .05). A one-way ANCOVA model controlling for education revealed that Arabic and English-speaking groups were not significantly different in any GNA subtest (all p’s > .05) except for the perceptual comparison task (Arabic: M = 22.4, SD = 6.9, English: M = 38.4, SD = 9.9, p < .05). Arabic GNA subtests correlated with each other as expected. Logical memory delayed recall was modestly correlated with the MoCA total score (r = .386, p < .05). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Our preliminary results suggest that the Arabic translation of the GNA is suitable for assessment of Arabic-speaking individuals. Brief educable assessments like the Arabic GNA are essential to meet the needs of these English new language populations and reduce the need for live translations that reduce the reliability of assessment.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: N/A. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Over a million people gained insurance in Los Angeles (LA) County under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The vast majority gained Medicaid—government sponsored insurance with low-cost sharing. LA County also made significant investments in the safety net including a program called MyHealthLA, which provides primary and tertiary care for the residually uninsured including poor undocumented individuals at specific sites. Despite this insurance expansion, approximately 3 quarters of a million people in the county remain uninsured. Regardless of insurance status, nearly a quarter of LA County residents reported having difficulty obtaining needed medical care, and among those making less than the poverty level, 43% had difficulties. There is still much to understand about barriers to obtaining insurance and accessing healthcare in Los Angeles in the post-ACA era. Our primary objective was to understand how safety net patients are obtaining, maintaining and using their insurance after the ACA. Specifically we hope to understand the barriers and drivers of these three processes. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We conducted a qualitative study of 34 safety net patients with 3 different insurance types in LA County. We conducted in-person interviews with adult patients (ages 18–64 years), who had either MediCal, MyHealthLA, or were unsinsured. Our interview guide was based on existing literature, a previous qualitative study conducted in Massachusetts and input from experts in the field. We pilot tested our interviews in English and Spanish and then recruited our participants from 3 sites: LAC+USC (a publically funded county hospital), The Wellness Center (a resource center for safety net patients), and White Memorial Medical Center (a private safety net hospital). We approached patients in the ED and urgent care waiting rooms and obtained informed consent for this IRB approved study. We excluded patients who were non-English and non-Spanish speaking or too ill to interview. We recorded interviews, which were then transcribed and translated into English by a contracted agency. We analyzed our interviews using a framework approach, which included a set of a priori codes from the literature as well as emerging codes from patient responses. We will check a sample of our transcripts for coding consistency (aiming for an inter-rater reliability of >80%). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: We recruited a diverse group of patients that were demographically representative of those who gained insurance under the ACA (childless adults making less than 138% of the Federal Poverty Level). Our preliminary results (based on 17 transcripts), suggest that patients, regardless of insurance type have difficulty accessing primary care. We identified seven domains under the broader theme of barriers to accessing primary care: finding a primary care clinic or physician (PCP), getting timely appointments, geography and transportation, continuity of care, using the Emergency Department (ED) or urgent care as a PCP, switching PCPs or clinics, and cost or coverage.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work demonstrates the integration of interactive mindfulness and dialogue sessions in curricula is both desired by students and effective in conferring resilience, a protective factor that may aid in maintaining wellbeing of trainees interested in pursuing graduate studies in biomedical research and science. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To support student futures in the field of biomedicine, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biological Sciences utilized digital platforms to deliver a summer research program in the summer of 2020. One goal of this program, in addition to scholastic outcomes and research experience, was to support and improve the wellbeing of college student participants. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Following the cancellation of in-person summer research programs, students were invited to attend a digital Summer Foundations in Research program. The 4-week program included 4 small group dialogue sessions led by trained facilitators and 4 large group mindfulness seminars followed with 3 Q/A style small group sessions. Surveys were delivered on days 1, 27, and 3 months following the program. Wellbeing measures included Brief Resilience, Perceived Stress, and Satisfaction with Life Scales. Students were prompted to indicate how worthwhile they found course components and comment on why they rated each component the way they did. Wellbeing results were assessed using paired t-tests with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Thematic analysis was used to interpret qualitative results. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Students improved across all wellbeing measures at the program conclusion, including resilience (mean difference(SE) pre- to post-program +0.22(0.06) p=0.0007), perceived stress (-1.71(0.66) p=0.0116), and life satisfaction (+1.57(0.52) p=0.0037). Gains in resilience were maintained 3 months out (pre-program to 3 month survey +0.28(0.06) p<0.0001). To our surprise, mindfulness was the highest rated component of the research program with 85% (121/142) of students rating the mindfulness component ‘extremely’ or ‘quite worthwhile.’ At 3 months, 81% (74/91) reported continued use of one or more skills learned in the mindfulness sessions. Student comments endorsed the perceived importance of interactive mindfulness and dialogue sessions to the program and to careers in biomedical science and research. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Our results support the use of interactive mindfulness and dialogue programming as a participant supported, evidence-based approach to strengthen the resilience of undergraduate students pursuing careers in biomedicine. In the future, booster programming may be considered to maintain improvements in perceived stress and life satisfaction.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Clinical trials are the gold standard for developing evidence-based medicine. However, 20% of pediatric randomized clinical trials are discontinued and about 30% of completed trials go unpublished. (Pica and Bourgeois, 2016) Although patient recruitment is the most cited barrier to completing clinical trials, trials funded by academia are more likely discontinued compared to those funded by industry. This study is an attempt to gain additional insights into clinical trials in academic pediatrics. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Junior pediatrics faculty (Instructors and Assistant Professors) were recruited to participate in an online survey through RedCAP. The physicians were asked if they had prior experiences with clinical trials and whether they have interest in participating in clinical trials. Those interested were asked three additional questions: what role they were interested in, barriers to participating and interventions they thought would educate them about participating in clinical trials. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Ninety two (92) out of 119 (77%) junior pediatrics faculty completed the survey. Twenty (20) pediatric subspecialties were represented and respondents were on various academic pathways. A third of the respondents (35%) had previously participated in clinical trials. A majority of the faculty respondents (84; 70%) are on the clinical educator pathway. The 13 respondents who were not interested in clinical trials indicated their preference for patient care, education and quality improvement. Of those interested in clinical trials, the top three preferred roles were site co-investigator (68%), help designing future protocol (47%) and site principal investigator (44%). Other than time, the top barriers to participation were a lack of awareness of what it takes to lead or engage in clinical trials (53%) and a lack of training on clinical trials (45%). Mentoring from an experienced clinical trialist emerged as the top preferred intervention (78%). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Although limited to one institution, the findings of this study provide insights into pediatric faculty interest in clinical trials. If academic pediatricians are provided with mentoring, there could be an uptick in completed and published clinical trials involving pediatric populations.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Determine whether children with solid tumors maintain intact protective immunity to live vaccines during cancer therapy and after completing cancer therapy (postTx). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We will perform a prospective cohort study of children with solid tumors (Hodgkin lymphoma, brain, Wilms, and germ cell tumors) followed at the Puerto Rico’s University Pediatric Hospital. Protective immunity will be measured with antibody titers against live vaccines (Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella) at diagnosis, during cancer therapy, upon completion and 3 months postTx. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We hypothesize that those patients with protective immunity to live vaccines prior to cancer therapy will lose it at the end of therapy. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Loss of protective immunity to live vaccines has been reported in patients with hematologic malignancies after cancer therapy. This lack of protective immunity, which puts patients at higher risk of acquiring vaccine preventable diseases, has been limited studied in patients with solid tumors. The Center for Diseases Control has been established that it is safe to immunize cancer survivors with live vaccines 3 months post Tx. However, no clear guidelines for revaccination have been provided for this population. Understanding the protective immunity variation against live vaccines in children with solid tumors will allow us to identify the need for revaccination with live vaccines in this vulnerable population.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Speech production requires mapping between sound-based and motor-based neural representations of a word – accomplished by learning internal models. However, the neural bases of these internal models remain unclear. The aim of this study is to provide experimental evidence for these internal models in the brain during speech production. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: 16 healthy human adults were recruited for this electrooculography speech study. 20 English pseudowords were designed to vary on confusability along specific features of articulation (place vs manner). All words were controlled for length and voicing. Three task conditions were performed: speech perception, covert and overt speech production. EEG was recorded using a 64-channel Biosemi ActiveTwo system. EMG was recorded on the orbicularis orbis inferior and neck strap muscles. Overt productions were recorded with a high-quality microphone to determine overt production onset. EMG during was used to determine covert production onset. Neuroimaging: Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA), was used to probe the sound- and motor-based neural representations over sensors and time for each task. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Production (motor) and perception (sound) neural representations were calculated using a cross-validated squared Euclidean distance metric. The RSA results in the speech perception task show a strong selectivity around 150ms, which is compatible with recent human electrocorticography findings in human superior temporal gyrus. Parietal sensors showed a large difference for motor-based neural representations, indicating a strong encoding for production related processes, as hypothesized by previous studies on the ventral and dorsal stream model of language. Temporal sensors, however, showed a large change for both motor- and sound-based neural representations. This is a surprising result since temporal regions are believed to be primarily engaged in perception (sound-based) processes. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: This study used neuroimaging (EEG) and advanced multivariate pattern analysis (RSA) to test models of production (motor-) and perception (sound-) based neural representations in three different speech task conditions. These results show strong feasibility of this approach to map how the perception and production processes interact in the brain.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: In an effort the increase awareness and enhance knowledge and skills in relation to communication in science at Mount Sinai, the Communication in Science summer workshop series aimed to provide an accessible, workforce-wide lecture series to promote key concepts and skills related to communicating science. Delivered by faculty and invited speakers, a series of seven workshops delivered over a 4 week period covered topics such as communication in teams, storytelling and TED talk principles, and community engagement. The aim of each session was to offer “top tips” that participants could apply to their practice. Evaluation of the workshop series aimed to determine participant satisfaction and self-perceived changes in knowledge and skills in relation to science communication. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A total of 375 participants registered to attend the workshop series from a range of backgrounds including post-docs, faculty, residents, staff and students at Mount Sinai. Attendance at the workshops ranged from a high of 119 and a low of 33 participants, with as many as 41% of attendees joining the session via live-streaming. Participants were emailed an online survey at the end of the workshop series, asking for satisfaction feedback on each individual workshop and an overall impression of the workshop series. Participants were asked to rate the satisfaction criteria related to content, gained knowledge and skills, presentation style and whether they found the session of value for each workshop, using a Likert scale from 1 - 5 (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Participants were also asked to provide an overall rating for the summer workshop series as a whole. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: A total of 35 participants responded to the survey. Mean responses to the survey questions were:. The content of this session is important to my work = 4.09 (range 3.77 – 4.45). This session increased my knowledge or skills 4.03 (range 3.56- 4.62). The presenters delivered this content clearly = 4.16 (range 3.78 – 4.67). Overall I found this session valuable = 4.13 (3.78 – 4.61) Participants were also asked to provide an overall rating for the summer workshop series as a whole on a scale of 1 to 10 (1 = poor, 10 = excellent). The mean response was 8.36, indicating a high level of satisfaction with the program. Qualitative feedback indicated that the sessions were successful in increasing awareness of this topic. One participant reported that “these sessions inspired me to think differently, and in a way that can potentially allow me to communicate with the non-science community”. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The high number of registrants for this summer workshop series indicates a perceived need for education and training on Communication in Science at Mount Sinai. Sessions that focused on TED talk principles and storytelling in science were particularly well attended and well-reviewed, suggesting a particular interested in these topics. There was, however, a discrepancy between registration and attendance numbers, which going forward we will seek to better understand. One explanation is that recording and posting the sessions on YouTube allowed participants to review content asynchronously at a time and location convenient to them, which may have deterred people from attending in person. Following the popularity of this program, future plans are underway to provide an ongoing program of learning in relation to Communication in Science.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Historically, Latino farmworkers have lacked access to healthcare. 1 Telehealth promises to bridge this gap in hardly-reached populations. 2 We evaluated the impacts of ACTIVATE, a community-engaged project co-developed withcommunityp artnersAmplaHealth, and a local grower. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Mixed-methods outcome evaluation included attitudes survey, knowledge tests, attendance records, exit interviews, and participant observations. Attitudes survey, based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model 3, measured Latino farmworkers’ telehealth acceptability. Pre/Post knowledge tests measured participant knowledge gained on telehealth and mental health services. Semi-structured exit interviewsidentifiedthe impacts of incentives, Promotora training, and health education curricula on participants and community partners. Structured participant observation as certained the level of participant engagement and Promotora facilitation skills. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jQpQdDM3dIR_PzMc1xXPh45Jvz8uBka6/view] On what aspects of the project worked well: “This project really helped us… to make it a priority, to do [health education] workshops. When I was hired, we went out to a few farms and shared information about our services, but it wasn’t anything hugely structured like what you proposed. We hadn’t done a whole lot of Promotora health education prior to this project.” -Ampla Health Administrator The most significant change observed: “Their attitudes… I feel that the very first session, I saw how they were more laid back, not really answering questions, just listening to us. And then the second one… they were more talkative and the very last one they were more comfortable sharing.” -Promotora DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Attendence and participant engagement increased over time. Results from the evaluation point to greater telehealth acceptability among participants, increased health education capacity among Ampla Health, and farm worker cohesiveness at the workplace.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic requires urgent implementation of effective community-engaged strategies to enhance education, awareness, and inclusion of underserved communities in prevention, mitigation, and treatment efforts. The Texas Community-Engagement Alliance Consortium was established with support from the United States’ National Institutes of Health (NIH) to conduct community-engaged projects in selected geographic locations with a high proportion of medically underserved minority groups with a disproportionate burden of COVID-19 disease and hospitalizations. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of the Consortium. The Consortium organized seven projects with focused activities to address COVID-19 clinical and vaccine trials in highly affected counties, as well as critical statewide efforts. Five Texas counties (Bexar, Dallas, Harris, Hidalgo, and Tarrant) were chosen by NIH because of high concentrations of underserved minority communities, existing community infrastructure, ongoing efforts against COVID-19, and disproportionate burden of COVID-19. Policies and practices can contribute to disparities in COVID-19 risk, morbidity, and mortality. Community engagement is an essential element for effective public health strategies in medically underserved minority areas. Working with partners, the Consortium will use community engagement strategies to address COVID-19 disparities.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our goal is to develop a cost-effective approach for precision medicine treatment by providing computational predictions for new uses of currently available FDA approved, and experimental drugs for NSCLC. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Cell Lines: A549 (ATCC- CCL-185) Human epithelial Lung Carcinoma cells, H1792 (ATCC-CRL-5895) Human Lung Carcinoma cells. In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assay: A Vybrant® MTT Cell Proliferation Assay was used. Colony Formation Assay: NCI-H1792, A549 cells were seeded at a density of 500 cells/ dish, then treated with ARS-1620, Osimertinib. The Computational Analysis of Novel Drug Opportunities (CANDO):  Herein, we employed the bioanalytic docking (BANDOCK) protocol within CANDO to calculate the compound-protein interaction scores for a library of 13,218 compounds from DrugBank against a library of 5,317 protein structures from the Protein Data Bank, resulting in a proteomic interaction signature for each compound, and identified Osimertinib as the most likely EGFR/ErbB inhibitor to synergize with ARS-1620. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: ARS-1620 and Osimertinib in combination displays potent anti-tumor activity as evident by a decrease in cell viability with cytotoxicity assays, as well as reduced number of colonies in the colony formation assay for both A549 and H1792 cells. By using CANDO, and cross-referencing the obtained rankings with known experimental information, we have obtained drug predictions within the context of precision medicine. Our preliminary data indicates that EGFR inhibitor Osimertinib may be most structurally similar to KRAS G12C inhibitors overall, compared to other ErbB/ EGFR inhibitors. Validations with human cancer cell lines A549 and H1792 have confirmed that Osimertinib in combination with KRAS G12C inhibitor ARS-1620 may exhibit a synergistic effect in decreasing cellular proliferation and colony formation. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: This suggests that this innovative drug combination therapy may help improve treatment outcomes for KRAS G12C(H1792) and KRASG12S(A549) mutant cancers. Cell migration and cell invasion studies in response to treatment with Osimertinib and ARS-1620 are currently ongoing.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Waiting for psychotherapy is a major barrier to care and associated with negative outcomes. Individuals waiting for treatment may be particularly well-suited to receive low-intensity treatments (LITs), but few providers recommend LITs. We investigated provider-identified barriers to recommending LITs for patients on treatment waiting lists. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We recruited mental health professionals via social media and professional association listservs to participate in a brief survey. Participants were asked about their current waiting list practices and attitudes towards low-intensity resources for patients waiting for treatment. Participants were prompted to provide additional thoughts on recommending LITs for patients on waiting lists in an open-ended text box. Two members of the research team independently coded responses into themes, resolved discrepancies, and achieved total consensus. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: 141 mental health providers participated in the survey, and 65 (46%) provided a response to the open-ended question. The emerging themes included: Patient Barriers, Research Evidence/Efficacy, Feasibility, Patient Personal Contact, Patient Appropriateness, Liability, Systemic Problems, Trust in Programs, Downplaying Distress, Additional Resources, and Positive Attitudes. Providers were particularly concerned with giving a generalized intervention without having conducted a full evaluation or assessment with a patient. Many providers also reported concerns pertaining to the legal and ethical liability of providing LITs when a patient is not being seen face-to-face by a provider. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Many of the themes we identified parallel those identified in previous literature. Some barriers we identified from our providers, when thinking about integrating LITs on waiting lists, highlight the need for professional guidelines to address legal and ethical liability, as well as billing and reimbursement procedures.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Stakeholder engagement has been proposed to help realign clinical and translational research with the needs of clinicians, patients, and policymakers. Increasingly, funders and researchers seek to partner with stakeholders to inform study design, execution and dissemination of results. Kids and families Impacting Disease through Science (KIDS) is a program of the American Academy of Pediatrics that seeks to engage youth in clinical research. United States KIDS programs participate in International Children’s Advisory Network activities. The Chicago KIDS Advisory Board program at Walter Payton College Preparatory School, a Chicago Public School, was initiated in 2015 to foster and develop interest in careers in science, research and healthcare and provide youth perspectives to academic and industry researchers on the design and development of pediatric research studies. This project engaged youth advisors in creation and evaluation of a video explaining clinical research and informed consent for Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, a clinical partner of the Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The Payton program advisory board sessions are 1.5hr interactive seminars held on 1–2 school days each month. During the 2016–2017 school year, students participated in 3 stakeholder sessions, led by Lurie Children’s hospital researchers, to advise development of a script, storyboards, and ultimately an animated video that informs children and families about participation in clinical research to aid in the decision-making process. Qualitative research methods were used to examine attitudes towards clinical research and assess the video on content objectives, clarity of concept, and appropriateness for a pediatric audience. Following production, students from the 2017–2018 advisory board viewed the final video and presurvey and postsurvey were administered to assess the effect of video on the comprehension of 8 key concepts of informed consent on a 5-point Likert scale. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare median pretest and post-test ranks. Results of this analysis were reviewed in seminar and students provided written contribution to this abstract. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In total, 11 Walter Payton high school students participated in video development and 27, who were naïve to development, participated in the pre and post evaluation sessions. Students ranged from Freshman to Seniors and reflected the diverse ethnic and racial background of Chicago. A positive change from pre to post-test survey was observed in all questions presented assessing comprehension of key concepts of informed consent. The median post-test ranks were statistically significantly higher than the median pre-test ranks for all questions (p<0.01 in all). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Chicago KIDS youth advisors were engaged in all aspects of the design of the research tool and gained experience in stakeholder contribution from study design to evaluation and publication. The students will next be involved in the design of a prospective randomized study to test the efficacy of the video compared with standard recruitment and consent practices. Given the difficulty of recruiting youth for clinical trials, development of effective engagement practices in is critically important. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing youth advisors in a public school based setting.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: This case-control study aims to determine the relationships among childhood adversity, attachment style, and the likelihood of accepting or declining a referral for HV. The study will serve as a pilot to inform the power analysis of a subsequently proposed full-scale study. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Using a case-control study design, 25 women who decline HV referral (cases) will be compared with 25 women who accept HV referral (controls) on their exposure to childhood adversity and attachment style. Women who are eligible for the study are English-speaking mothers who have been offered HV services by Health Care Access Maryland. Surveys are administered in-person, either in the participant’s home or at another location (e.g., public library), based on participant preference. The dependent variable is participant’s verbal response to the HV referral (accept/decline). The independent variable, childhood adversity, will be measured using the Philadelphia Urban Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Survey and the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). Control variables include demographics (i.e., age, race, education, employment, housing, marital status), obstetric history (i.e., previous preterm birth, miscarriage, fetal death, infant death, abortion), and current psychosocial risk factors (i.e., history of substance use, intimate partner violence, depression). Descriptive comparisons will be done for the independent and control variables in controls versus cases. Bivariate analysis will examine associations between the odds of being a case and ACE score and ASQ score. Multivariate logistic regression models will be used to examine the relationship between ACE total and ASQ score; exposure to ACE in cases versus controls; and the odds of an avoidant and anxious attachment styles in cases versus controls. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We hypothesize that (a) higher ACE scores will be positively associated with a higher level of avoidant attachment; (b) higher ACE scores will be positively associated with declining a HV referral; and (c) higher levels of avoidant attachment will be associated with declining a HV referral. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Racial inequities in birth outcomes are pervasive and unjust. Non-Hispanic Black women experience births that result in infant mortality, fetal mortality, preterm birth, and low birth weight babies at more than double the rate of non-Hispanic White women in Baltimore and nationally. Prenatal and early childhood home visiting programs have been found to decrease maternal smoking and hypertensive disorder which are associated with PTB, reduce closely spaced births which is associated with fetal and infant death, and improve women’s long-term economic self-sufficiency, child health and social outcomes. However, as community-based programs, these services are not reaching the majority of eligible women in low-income urban settings—women who are also disproportionately burdened with poor pregnancy-related health outcomes. Considering the potential to improve outcomes, the importance of eliminating health disparities, and the national and local investment in HV services, it is vital to understand why some women are not enrolling in prenatal HV programs. The findings from this and subsequent studies will inform the translation of evidence-based HV program outreach efforts for women with complex social history. It will inform the design of enhanced outreach and engagement efforts of HV programs to more reliably engage women.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of alcohol and evocative stimuli on heart rate variability (HRV) in partners with a history of intimate partner violence in a placebo-controlled alcohol administration study with an emotion-regulation task. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In total, 17 partners (9 females, 8 males) with a history of partner violence participated in a placebo-controlled alcohol administration study with an emotion-regulation task during which HRV measures were collected. In the alcohol condition, participants were administered a mixture of 100 proof vodka and cranberry juice calculated to raise their blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08%. In the placebo condition, participants consumed a volume of juice equivalent to that consumed in the alcohol condition, but without alcohol. Alcohol and placebo conditions were counter-balanced across participants as were the presentation the blocks of evocative and neutral partner stimuli. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Controlling for baseline HRV, there was a significant main effect of stimuli (evocative vs. neutral partner stimuli) on HRV in intoxicated partners, F1,16=16.28, p=0.004. There was also a significant main effect of regulation on HRV under conditions acute alcohol intoxication, F1,16=23.55, p=0.001. These effects tell us that intoxicated partners experienced reduced HRV when exposed to evocative stimuli from their partners. These effects also tell us that under acute alcohol intoxication, partners were less able to regulate their emotion when exposed to evocative stimuli than when they consumed a placebo beverage. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: These results suggest that increases in intimate partner violence under acute alcohol intoxication may be the result of reduce HRV. This reduction in HRV would contribute to partners’ inability to response with adaptively in conflict when intoxicated. They also suggest that HRV may be an important target for intervention with partner with a history of intimate partner violence. One method may be Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback which has been shown to increase parasympathetic nervous system functioning, autonomic stability, and emotion regulation.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Tissue engineered tracheal grafts (TETG) could provide a life-saving cure for children with long segment airway defects. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a novel and promising technique used to evaluate TETG performance. This pilot study examines the correlation of objective CFD simulations with subjective respiratory symptoms in a TETG large animal model. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Three-dimensional geometries of 1 TETG implanted sheep trachea were reconstructed from serial fluoroscopic images, allowing analysis with CFD simulations. Peak flow velocity (PFV) and peak wall shear stress (PWSS) across the graft as well as changes secondary to stenting were determined. CFD metrics were compared with respiratory symptoms seen on exam. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Two weeks after implantation, the animal developed respiratory distress, which correlated with PFV and PWSS elevations. Although the intraluminal graft appearance changed minimally after dilation, PFV and PWSS decreased across the graft (4.5–0.8 m/s and 0.9–0.1 Pa, respectively). Long-term TETG stenting with dilation returned PFV and PWSS to baseline (0.8–0.3 m/s and 0.1–0.01 Pa, respectively), which correlated with immediate symptom resolution. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: CFD is a noninvasive modality, which allows the evaluation of airflow metrics of symptomatic TETG recipients. This diagnostic tool will permit planned interventions and graft design optimization.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: 1. Foster a community of scholars – by centering on training and professional development programs that assist with career progression. 2. Improve heath equity for the community – by developing innovative ways to capture data, address problems, deliver solutions, and disseminate results to patients and people everywhere. 3. Facilitate interdisciplinary teams at all career stages – by providing opportunities for researchers, regardless of discipline and career stage, to engage in dialogue with others. SCOR has developed a series of programs to address each stage in the career arch. LEAD: Learn Enhance Advance Drive develops a pipeline of future leaders within UAB by engaging junior faculty and staff who are in leadership roles or will be in leadership roles soon to develop fundamental competencies. The one-year, cohort-based program enables junior faculty and staff to enhance their interpersonal skills, professional skills, and leadership skills. The program uses the Leadership Competency Model to provide the framework for the chosen topics. The K2R program provides structured activities over a 4– 5 month timeline to assist cohorts of scholars in their preparation of a specific grant application. Leveraging existing programs, like Project Panels, and offerings including a Specific Aims Workshop, K and R Writing Groups, and Mock Study Section, the SCOR extends the engagement of scholars in their ongoing research development. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Using quantitative methods, we have conducted surveys to measure effectiveness of weekly didactic sessions and topics. We use qualitative methods such as interviews and focus groups to better understand the relevance of the individual programs and the larger community of SCOR. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: N/A DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Creating a community of interdisciplinary investigators will greatly impact research at the institution.