This work represents the continuation of the studies presented in two e-posters during the EPA 2021 conference (De Filippi et al., 2021; Rignanese et al., 2021), which addressed the physical pain-suicidality association (k=44 studies).

The aim of this meta-analysis is to provide an update of those studies, integrating data relating to adolescents, adults, and olders.

We started with the analysis of three papers, in particular a meta-analysis (Calati et al., 2015) and two systematic reviews (Hinze et al., 2019; Santos et al., 2019). After searching on Pubmed (until September 2020), data were extracted from articles comparing the rates of current and lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviours (death wish, suicidal ideation, suicidal planning, suicide attempt and suicide death: DW, SI, SP, SA, and SD) in adolescents, adults, and olders with any type of physical pain and in individuals who did not report this condition. Data were analysed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) version 2.

67 studies were included, of which 16 on adolescents, 29 on adults, 16 on olders, and 6 on mixed ages. Although quite high between-study heterogeneity was detected in most analyses, results suggested that individuals with physical pain are more likely to report any form of suicidal outcome if compared to those not affected by pain.

Collected data are therefore in line with previous literature on this topic, which considered physical pain an extremely predictive risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviours. However, further research on this topic would be extremely useful.

No significant relationships.

The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly disrupted the day-to-day life of university students, as it has for the general population. University students have been reported to have high rates of mental health concerns, including suicidal ideation.

Ascertaining the correlation of Covid-19 dissemination and proximity to University students in Vancouver, Canada, with suicidal ideation and suicidal plan.

We analyuzed weekly cross-sectional data from our Canadian World Mental Health International College Student survey by plotting the 30-day suicide ideation as a binary and the ordered 30-day suicide ideation outcomes using logistic and ordered generalized additive model (GAM) respectively, with a cubic spline and adjusting for demographics. We also ran an analysis on the association between binary 30-day ideation and different sample characteristics using logistic regression.

The time trend analysis showed that suicidal ideation did not seem to increase during the COVID-19 pandemic. On the contrary, ideation levels were found to be high in the beginning (February 2020) with a downwards trend through June to September before gradually increasing around November, 2020. We identified sociodemographic risk factors that may be associated with suicidal ideation, and established that those most at risk were students who had been emotionally overwhelmed by Covid-19 and unable to find help.

Our results seem to indicate that, in general, students have remained resilient under the stress factors presented by the pandemic, and that trends in suicidality seem to follow seasonal or school calendar year stressors rather than respond to the pandemic. However, certain subpopulations appear to be more affected than others.

No significant relationships.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating disease in Italy affects 5.4% of people over 15 and 11.6% for the elderly. Efficacy of vortioxetine in adult patients with MDD was demonstrated in randomised controlled trials, there is a need for data on treatment in daily practice in Italy.

To present the effectiveness and safety data of vortioxetine in real-world setting from patients enrolled from Italy in the RELIEVE study.

RELIEVE was a prospective, multi-national, observational study of outpatients initiating vortioxetine treatment for MDD at physician’s discretion. Data and outcomes of treatment of patients were collected at routine clinical visits. The primary outcome was functioning measured by SDS. Secondary outcomes included depressive symptoms measured by PHQ-9, cognitive funcion measured by PDQ-5, quality of life measured by EQ-5D-5L. Changes from baseline to month 6 were estimated with a linear mixed model of repeated measures approach.

A total of 231 patients (mean age, 55.5 years, 27.3% over 65 years, 62% female) were enrolled from Italy and included in the analysis. Mean(SD) SDS total score, PHQ-9, PDQ-5 scores at baseline were 17.8(7.58), 15.7(5.97) and 9.8(4.99), the scores(SE) decreased by 6.6(0.64), 5.9(0.47) and 3.6(0.36) from baseline to last visit. Mean(SE) EQ-5D-5L utility index increased by 0.13(0.01). Safety and tolerability profile of vortioxetine was in line with the established profile.

Improvements in overall functioning, depressive symptoms, cognitive function and quality of life were observed in patients treated with vortioxetine, including a wide proportion of elderly patients in a real-world setting.

A. Pugliese is an employee of Lundbeck Italy. K. Simonsen and H. Ren are employees of H. Lundbeck A/S.

Depression is a chronic, recurrent mental disorder with a moderate level of genetic impact. Modern GWAS of depression require extra-large sample sizes and new effective, clinically sensitive, objective and simple to fill online phenotyping tools for population studies are necessary today.

Aim: to test online phenotyping tools based on clinical and psychometric instruments to evaluate depressive symptoms in population cohort for using in GWAS

Participants: 2610 Russian-speaking respondents- clients of Genotek Ltd., provider of genetic testing services in Russian Federation. The online survey included HADS-D (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - depression subscale), original questionnaire adapted for self-report from major depression DSM-5 criteria, questions about sex and age. Three research phenotypes were defined: quantitative “HADS-D score” and two categorical “HADS-D depression” (cut-off 8 points) - 20.63 %, “DSM depression” 16.73 %. DNA samples obtained from saliva were genotyped on Illumina Infinium GSA v1.0/v2.0/v3.0 microarrays. GWAS analysis was performed independently for each of the research phenotypes.

None of the signals reached genome-wide significance (p value 10-8), but some signals with subthreshold significance were identified including four signals in the genes encoding proteins: “DSM_Depression”: rs2131596 in GRIP1 (p=3.682e-06,β=0.6965), rs11158021 in SAMD4A (p=2.841e-06, β=0.6762), “HADS-D Depression”: rs2425793 in CDH22 (p=4.408e-07, β=1.539), rs36006890 in PDIA6 (p = 6.529e-07, β=1.549).

Preliminary results of the first GWAS of depression symptoms in the Russian population are acceptable and confirm the accuracy of the research strategy using online phenotyping tools based on clinical and psychometric instruments and provide basis for further studies.

The study was supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant # 20-15-00132

Depression with catatonic features is a relatively common condition that can pose difficulties in nosological assessment and lead to life-threatening complications.

To determine the structure of catatonia associated with depression, and its subtypes.

The exploratory factor analysis with maximum likelihood (MLE) data extraction and varimax rotation was used in a sample of 96 patients with depressive, bipolar or schizophrenia spectrum disorders, who were depressed and who met the criteria for catatonia according to the Bush-Francis Catatonia Screening Instrument (BFCSI).

The factor analysis revealed four factors of catatonia in depression, accounting for 57.3% of the variance. “Agitated” factor (eigenvalue 5.65, 18.2% of the variance) includes agitation, impulsivity, emotional lability, verbigeration, sudden muscular tone alterations, ambitendency, perseveration and stereotypy. “Hypokinetic” factor (eigenvalue 5.05, 16.3% of the variance) includes mutism, withdrawal, stupor, staring, negativism, rigidity, posturing and gegenhalten. “Proskinetic” factor (eigenvalue 3.65, 11.8% of variance) includes automatic obedience, mitgehen, echophenomena, catalepsy and waxy flexibility. “Parakinetic” factor (eigenvalue 3.41, 11.0% of variance) includes grimacing, flat affect, compulsive emotions, mannerisms and compulsive behavior. “Agitated catatonia” is a more specific subtype and is usually associated with bipolar disorder. “Hypokinetic catatonia” is the most common but less specific subtype. “Proskinetic catatonia” in depression does not occur apart from other subtypes of catatonia. “Parakinetic catatonia” is most commonly associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Our study shows the heterogeneity of catatonic features in depression and facilitates the nosological diagnosis of catatonic depression.

No significant relationships.

According to international studies, at least 70% of BPD in adolescence are comorbid with MDD.

To determine the clinical and psychopathological markers of MDD in BPD in adolescence.

Clinical psychopathological interview, SCID-II, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Sample: N=73 male and female, age: 18-25 with MDD and BPD.

MDD comorbid with BPD in adolescence is characterized by polymorphism of its’ psychopathological manifestations due to the structure of BPD and the input of the age factor. In the studied sample 31 (42,5%) with both MDD and BPD also revealed addictions; 24 patients (32,9%) - anxiety and obsessive-compulsive (OCD) disorders, 18 patients (24,7%) had overvalued ideas. The high contingency of MDD with autoaggressive actions confirmed their high suicidal risk (53 patients). Among them - 31 patients (58,5%) - had non-suicidal self-harm (NSSI), 7 patients – (13,2%) had suicidal attempt (SA), and 15 patients (28,3%) had NSSI and suicidal attempts (NSSI+SA). The highest incidence of NSSI and NSSI+SA was noted in MDD with addictive disorders: NSSI – N=20 (80,00%), NSSI+SA - N=5 (20,00%), SA – N=0. MDD with BPD and anxiety disorders: NSSI – N=9 (56,25%), NSSI+SA – N= 6 (37,50%), SA–N=1 (6,25%). MDD with BPD and overvalued ideas: NSSI – N=2 (16,67%), NSSI +SA – N= 4 (33,33%), SA N=6 (50,0%), (results p<0.01).

Psychopathological relations between BPD and MDD in youth are different due to additional comorbid conditions, like addictions, anxiety and OCD, overvalued ideas and have clinical implications in terms of suicidal and NSSI risks, individualized interventions and prognosis.

No significant relationships.

Mood disorders, including depression, are diseases associated with an increased risk of several metabolic alterations. Metabolomics studies have proved their potential for detecting novel biomarkers of psychiatric diseases.

To analyze the plasma metabolite profiling of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to healthy controls.

The blood samples were collected from 11 patients diagnosed with MDD and 11 healthy controls, and plasma was separated by centrifugation. The profiles of the metabolites in the plasma samples were determined by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time of Flight Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) in positive mode. The chromatograms were processed by Compass DataAnalysis 4.2 using the Find Molecular Feature (FMF) method and Profile Analysis 2.1 (Bruker, Daltonics) was further used for matrix generation. The MetaboAnalyst online software was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. The mass/charge ratio (m/z values) determined by biostatistics were identified from the Lipidomic Gateway (www.lipidmaps.org) and Human Metabolomic Data Base (www.hmdb.ca).

We found 14 metabolites which could discriminate between cases and controls, having an area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of higher than 0.6. Among these, only two metabolites passed the p<0.05 threshold of statistical significance, one being 2.5 more abundant (p<0.001) in the plasma of MDD patients compared to controls and the other being 1.7 more abundant (p=0.005) in MDD patients compared to controls.

The only metabolite that passed the false discovery rate correction was putatively identified from the metabolomics database as being the phosphatidylcholine PC (16:0/16:0).

No significant relationships.

Depression is associated with high impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Health state valuations are used for cost-effectiveness analysis to provide results for health-policy interventions.

The study aims to estimate a population-based value set of depression described by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). We intend to assess vignettes describing PHQ-9 health states to estimate utility values

Current research elicited direct utility scores using time trade-off (TTO) method obtained from the Hungarian general population (N=2,000). TTO vignettes were created to describe hypothetical health states of depression based on the nine items of PHQ-9. The hypothetical health states were sorted orthogonally in 11 blocks, each containing 4 vignettes (combinations of no; mild; moderate; severe depression). All respondents valued the four health states of one randomly given block. Conventional TTO method was applied, using a 10-year timeframe, while the first iteration step was randomized to 1,3 and 5 year. Preference weights were estimated using regression model fitted to TTO utility results.

Altogether 1,999 respondents valued overall 34 different health states. The mean age was 47.3 (16.9) years, the majority was female (57.2%). Nearly half of the respondents were secondary educated 45.4%, 27.3% higher educated and 27.2% completed primary school. The mean TTO utility of selected mild, moderate and severe depression was: 0.83; 0.82 and 0.77 respectively.

Our results constitute the first population-based value set for PHQ-9. Utility scores give useful information for cost-effectiveness assessments. Estimates provide preference-based quality of life weights for the Hungarian population.

No significant relationships.

Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug found in mushrooms, often referred to as magic mushrooms due to its visual and auditory hallucinations effects upon ingestion. It is a Schedule I drug per DEA, and the FDA has not approved psilocybin for medicinal purposes. However, recent studies have shown promising therapeutic use to treat depression.

To identify current use, prevalence, and its association with depression in adolescents.

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health survey data from 2008-18 studied adolescent data (12-17 years), who responded, “ever used psilocybin (mushrooms)” and “lifetime major depressive episode (MDE).” The association between the psilocybin use and MDE status was analyzed in SAS 9.4 through multivariate logistic regression for odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

A total of 172745 adolescents were included in this study, of which 2469 ever used psilocybin in their lifetime, and 170276 responded no lifetime use. The psilocybin ever lifetime users were 17 years old (42%vs.17%,p<0.001), male (60%vs.51%,p<0.001), and non-Hispanic White (71%vs.55%,p<0.001) in comparison to non-users. Among psilocybin user group, 31% of respondents had lifetime MDE, compared to 16% of the lifetime psilocybin non-user group participants (p<0.001). The odds of association of psilocybin use among participants with MDE were 2.17 times compared to those without MDE (CI: 1.93-2.44,p<0.001).

We identified a significant association between psilocybin use and MDE among adolescents, which raises public health concerns about its illegal use, abuse, and toxicity potential. Future clinical studies should assess its clinical safety, efficacy, and addictive properties.

No significant relationships.

The reports on the adverse impact of sexual trauma on mental health are known to the medical community. In workplaces where power hierarchy is an essence for the establishment, like the military, there has been a tsunami of reports on sexual trauma. Empathy plays a defining role in human relationships and development.

To explore the relationship between power and empathy by studying the prevalence of sexual assault among our population of women veterans who report their sexual assault occurred by a higher rank serviceman.

A retrospective chart review was conducted in Women Health Clinic over 11 months period. A total of 117 charts were reviewed from 03/2019 to 02/2020. The information of 42 patients with sexual trauma was tabulated on an excel spreadsheet.

25 (59%) of 42 patients had military sexual trauma (MST). Of 25 who reported MST, the majority, 17 (72%), said trauma was from a serviceman with a higher status, and 2 (8%) were from the same rank.The distribution of military divisions was 14 (56%) army, 5 (20) % navy, and 4 (16%) were from the air force.

Correlation between the prevalence of assaultive behavior and a higher status in rank was demonstrated in a sample of women veterans. 72% reported the higher rank servicemen caused the sexual offence. Our finding supports that a higher position in status is likely a determining factor for aggressive behavior. There is an opportunity to turn our attention to education and staff training to help them improve their compassion and empathy.

No significant relationships.

The Irish traveller community are an ethnic minority group known for their distinct identity. Although this group has its roots in Ireland, they are marginalised and discriminated against by every part of Irish society. Adolescent females encounter particular difficulties within the expectations of this community. They encounter specific issues including mental illness, sexual stigma and limitations to the role of women.

Explore the vulnerabilities of young women within the irish travelling community.

Literature review and case series using three cases.

Patient A is a nineteen-year-old girl known with a history of overdose and depression. Significant triggers for her mental illness are linked to familial disharmony and sexual assault. Patient B is seventeen years old and was referred for CAMHS inpatient admission following overdose. She has a background of sexual assault and drug misuse. Patient C is fifteen years old and was admitted to a CAMHS unit following a hanging attempt. Her suicide attempt was triggered by chronic bullying, grief and sexual assault.

Young women in the travelling community are estimated to be twice as likely to suffer mental health issues as compared to men. They are primed to follow a culture where the main events in life are centred around training for marriage and child rearing. In this world of ethical practice and focus on women’s rights, females in such communities can feel conflicted between their identity, heritage and their position in the world. Adolescents within the travelling community should be monitored with consciousness given to their particular risk factors.

No significant relationships.

As the incidence of gender incongruence (GI)/gender dysphoria (GD) rises yearly, public understanding of transgender is also increasing, whereas this improvement cannot be achieved without extensive transgender-related surveys. However, most of the surveys were only issued to people who identify themselves as transgender with the absence of medical confirmations in most situations. These result in a gap between transgender survey and diagnosed GI/GD.

This study aims to discover the gap between self-reported and diagnostically confirmed transgender and GI/GD individuals among students in China.

We chose two middle schools and one college from Changsha (a city in China) at random with a total of 2047 students. Among them, 1661 students gave us certain gender identify responses in which we categorized them into two types (cisgender and gender minorities). Professional psychiatrists then used ICD-11 and DSM-5 criteria to confirm whether the self-reported gender minorities could be diagnosed with GI/GD via phone or in person.

In total, 7.5% of the college students and 5.8% of the middle school students reported themselves as gender minorities. Although 29% of college students and 43.8% of middle school students did not cooperate with the subsequent psychiatric interviews, none of the self-reported gender minority students meet the GI/GD criteria of ICD-11/DSM-5.

The epidemiological investigation of transgender is heavily affected by the definition and the data sources. There is a huge heterogeneity between self-reported transgender and diagnosed GI/GD. Future transgender studies should strictly control inclusion criteria.

No significant relationships.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is included for the first time in the last edition of DSM within affective disorders. It is necessary that 5 of a list of 11 symptoms (lability, irritability, depressed mood, anxiety, lethargy, being out of control or physical symptoms among others) appear in the majority of menstrual cycles but must be only present during the week before menstruation improving after its onset. It has a prevalence of 1,8-5,8% and it is associated to significant functional impairment. SSRIs are indicated as first-line treatment in severe symptoms.

To review about premenstrual dysphoric disorder and its psychopharmacological treatment.

We carry out a literature review about premenstrual dysphoric disorder, accompanied by a clinical description of one patient treated with sertraline.

44 years old female referred to our outpatient mental health service due to anxious and depressive symptoms. She had presented abdominal pain, anxiety, obsessive thoughts, sadness, emotional lability, apahty, anergy, uncontrolled impulse, irritability and vociferous attitude with verbal agressiveness only the week before menstruation during several years. These symptoms interfered negatively in her relationships. We started sertraline treatment with ad integrum clinical recovery after two menstrual cycles. 6 months later we indicated to take sertraline only the week before menstruation, maintaining stability.

1) It is important to consider premenstrual dysphoric disorder as a possible diagnosis in women with premenstrual discomfort symptoms. 2) It might be consider as a depressive disorder. 3) Antidepressant treatment should be considered in women with disabling symptoms.

No significant relationships.

The concept of beauty has transformed through time and across the globe during specific events in history and continues to evolve.

This study will focus on how tendency toward perfectionism and stereotypes promoted by media influence beauty perception and the need of plastic surgery.

In this study we examined factors influencing attitudes toward plastic surgery among 23 women with an average 35 years old and the data were collected through three questionnaire: The abbreviated multidimensional perfectionism scale (MPS) is a 30-item measure separated into two 15-item subscales: self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism; The abbreviated perfectionistic self-presentation scale (PSPS) is a 20-item measure divided into two ten-item subscales: perfectionistic self-promotion and non-display of imperfection. Participants’ perceptions of media messages about appearance issues have been assessed using 30 items of the Sociocultural Attitudes toward Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3). Sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, physical appearance perfectionism were considered as predictors of tendency toward plastic surgery.

The results showed that there is significant positive association between perfectionism, the influence of mass media and increased women’ s likelihood of undergoing plastic surgery.

Our findings suggest firstly that a greater perfectionist tendency and psychological investment in physical appearance predict more favorable attitudes toward plastic surgery. Perfectionists women may choose plastic surgery as part of their need of bodily perfection. Secondly, the choice of plastic surgery depended on sociocultural attitudes toward physical appearance.

No significant relationships.

Women experiencing postpartum mental illness have unique needs. Psychiatric Mother Baby Units (MBUs) can provide specialist in-patient care for mothers without separation from their baby. Since 2018, an innovative Mother-Baby Day Hospital (MBDH) have been developed and implemented in a public hospital in Spain, directed at the intensive, integral, and multidisciplinary treatment.

The aim of the present study was to obtain preliminary data regarding its effectiveness in postpartum women with affective and anxiety disorders.

Thirty-three mothers and their babies with affective or anxiety disorders attended to MBDH CLINIC-BCN participated in the study. All women were assessed at admission, discharge, and 3 months follow-up. Primary outcomes were depression (EPDS) and anxiety symptoms (STAI-S), mother-infant bonding (PBQ) and functional impairment (HoNOs).

At discharge, 100% of women no longer met the full criteria for the main diagnosis (PSR≥5). Significant improvements from admission to discharge were achieved in depression and anxiety symptoms, mother infant bonding and functional impairment. Clinical significance was also calculated. After treatment, mothers had greater autonomy for care their babies. Similar results were observed at 3 months follow-up. The MBDH was rated by mothers as an excellent quality program and they would recommend it.

This study found that multidisciplinary intervention at MBDH for postpartum women with affective or anxiety disorders is effective, not only for maternal psychopathology but also for maternal care and bonding. It is imperative to develop specialized devices that integrate the care of the dyad by professionals specialized in perinatal mental health.

No significant relationships.

Few studies have investigated the level of planning of pregnancy among women with mental disorder and associated risk factors.

The purpose of this study was to determine the associated factors to UP and psychopathological consequences.

A cross sectional study was conducted at the Perinatal Mental Health Unit of the Hospital Clínic in Barcelona. The total sample comprised 675 consecutive pregnant women with diagnosis of mental disorder (DSM-IV criteria), seen between January 2006 and December 2018. Clinical, psychometric and socio-demographic variables were collected at the first visit. Pregnancy planning was assessed by a question “Was this pregnancy planned?” with three possible answers: 1) Yes, it was planned and has been well received; 2) No, it was not planned but it has been well received; and 3) No, it was an accident. Response 1 was coded as “planned pregnancy” and responses 2 and 3 as “Unplanned Pregnancy”.

38.4% of the sample had an UP. Younger age, lower levels of education, Latin-American population, multiparity, financials problems and poor relationship with the partner were associated with UP in women with mental disorder. The mean EPDS and STAI scores and the presence of self-harming thoughts were significantly higher in women with UP.

UP was associated with more depressive and anxious symptoms and more self-harming thoughts. It is necessary to promote reproductive health care for women with mental disorders and to take into account their reproductive life plan, especially in those with risk factors described.

No significant relationships.

While decreased alpha-band functional connectivity (FC) and changes in network topology have been reported in Alzheimer’s disease, it is not yet entirely known whether these differences mark cognitive decline in the early stages of the disease.

Our study aimed to analyze EEG FC and network differences in the alpha frequency band during visuospatial memory maintenance between Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients and healthy elderly with subjective memory complaints.

FC and network structure of 17 MCI patients and 20 control participants were studied with 128-channel EEG during a visuospatial memory task. FC was measured by amplitude envelope correlation with leakage correction (AEC-c), while network analysis was performed by applying the Minimum Spanning Tree approach.

Increasing memory load enhanced the mean alpha-band FC in the control group. In contrast to that, after an initial increase, the MCI group showed significantly (p<0.05) diminished FC in the highest memory load condition. Mean alpha AEC-c correlated significantly with the size and mean diffusivity of medial temporal lobe structures in the entire sample. The network analysis revealed a rerouted network in the MCI group with a more centralized topology and a more unequal traffic load distribution compared to the control group.

Alpha-band FC correlates with cognitive load-related modulation, with medial temporal lobe atrophy, and with the disruption of hippocampal fiber integrity in the earliest stages of cognitive decline. The more integrated network topology of the MCI group is in line with the “hub overload and failure” framework and might be part of a compensatory mechanism.

No significant relationships.

ADHD patients often report that they are being flooded by sensory impressions. Studies investigating sensory processing show hypersensitivity for sensory inputs across the senses. While studying unimodal signal-processing is relevant and well-suited in a controlled laboratory environment, our daily interaction with our environment does not occur merely unimodal. A complex interplay of the senses is necessary to form a unified percept. In order to achieve this, the unimodal sensory modalities are bound together in a process called multisensory integration (MI).

In the current study we investigate MI in an adult ADHD sample accompanied by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI).

Twenty-five ADHD patients and twenty-four healthy controls were recruited. MI was examined using the McGurk effect, where - in case of successful MI - incongruent speech-like phonemes between visual and auditory modality are leading to a perception of a new phoneme. Mann-Whitney-U test was applied to assess statistical differences between groups. Resting-state functional MRI was acquired to realize a seed-to-voxel analysis

Susceptibility to MCGurk was significantly lowered for ADHD patients (ADHDMdn:5.83%, ControlsMdn:44.2%, U= 160.5, p=0.022, r=-0.34). When ADHD patients integrated phonemes, reaction times were significantly longer (ADHDMdn:1260ms, ControlsMdn:582ms, U=41.0, p<.000, r= -0.56). Seeded medio temporal gyrus was negatively associated in functional connectivity to primary auditory cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and fusiform gyrus.

MI seems to be deficient for ADHD patients for stimuli that need late attentional allocation. This finding is supported for higher functional connectivity from unimodal sensory areas to polymodal, MI convergence zones for complex stimuli.

No significant relationships.

Schizophrenia is associated with disturbances in neurophysiological processes. However, the relation of EEG and ERP parameters to structural supragranular cortical abnormalities, observed in schizophrenia, remains unclear.

The purpose was to characterize EEG and ERP disturbances and their relationship to changes occurring in supragranular cortical layers in subjects with schizophrenia.

43 first-episode schizophrenia (FES) male patients and 43 matched healthy controls (HC) underwent background EEG and standard two-tones oddball ERP recording and structural MRI at 3T Philips scanner. MRI images were processed via FreeSurfer and MATLAB to derive two markers specific to supragranular thickness change: gyral-sulcal thickness differences (GSTD) and gyral-sulcal intrinsic curvature differences on pial surface (GSCD) (github.com/kwagstyl/schizophrenia_gyral_sulcal).

Theta rhythm spectral power was increased in FES while P300 amplitudes and latencies, N100 (to non-targets) amplitudes, alpha rhythm spectral power were not altered compared to HC. GSCD measures were increased in temporal, parietal and occipital cortices, whereas both GSTD and GSCD were increased in the right frontal cortex in FES. No correlations between altered EEG and supragranular thickness markers survived correction for multiple comparisons.

Presumably, theta rhythm has a widespread circuit of generators, including the cortical ones. However, we have not found correlations between EEG and supragranular markers in FES. Considering an absence of correlations between theta and hippocampal volumes (Lebedeva et al., 2020), a speculative interpretation is that the neurophysiological disturbances may be associated with a more complex patterns of more localized structural and functional impairments.

The work was supported by RFBR grant 20-013-00748.

Non-pharmacological treatment like psychotherapy is associated with less side effects than pharmacological treatment and is often considered first-line treatment towards psychiatric disorders. The extent and variation of psychotherapy treatment offered in Danish psychiatric clinics over time has not previously been studied.

To examine the nationwide use of psychotherapy treatment during 2001-2020 in individuals assigned with a psychiatric disorder diagnosis at Danish psychiatric clinics.

All Danish individuals aged ≥ 3 years, who were registered with 1) a psychiatric disorder diagnosis (F10-F99) or 2) had a first psychotherapy treatment during the study period 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2020, were identified in the Danish National Patient Registry.

A total of 120,916 (27 %) study participants received psychotherapy treatment during the study period, most commonly individual psychotherapy (65 %) followed by group therapy (25 %). Adults (≥18 years) were more likely to receive therapy (34 %) than children and adolescents aged 3-17 years (15 %). The proportion of treated patients was highest among women (67 %) compared with men (33 %). The median age at first psychotherapy was 25 years (ranging from 19 to 33). 59 % of patients receiving psychotherapy had filled a psychotropic prescription within one year prior to therapy onset, particularly antidepressants (44 %) and antipsychotics (22 %).

The use of psychotherapy for treatment of psychiatric disorders is limited among Danish patients, although national clinical guidelines recommend it as first-line treatment of common conditions such as depressive, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders.

No significant relationships.