There is a high comorbidity between psychiatric disorders and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), observed in up to 58% of these patients; specifically, mood disorders, anxiety and personality disorders (PD). In some patients with PD there are nonspecific alterations in the EEG, which nevertheless sometimes involve pathology. The presence of personality disorders along with JME has been repeatedly described. Previous studies have emphasized the difficulties in treating patients with JME, which have been attributed to some specific psychiatric, psychological and psychosocial characteristics.

Describing distinctive personality traits in JME

Review of scientific literature based on a relevant clinical case.

19-year-old woman, single. Psychiatric history since she was 12 due to anxiety-depressive symptoms, after being diagnosed with JME. 4 admissions in Psychiatry, with a variety of diagnoses: eating disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and borderline personality disorder. The evolution of both disorders has been parallel, presenting epileptic seizures due to irregular therapeutic adherence together with pseudo-seizures, which made difficult their differential diagnosis. In addition, he has had frequent visits to the emergency room for suicide attempts and impulsive behaviors.

In 1957, for the first time, distinctive personality traits were described in patients with JME: lack of control and perseverance, emotional instability, variable self-concept and reactive mood, which have been confirmed in subsequent studies. It is believed as epilepsy progresses, patients tend to develop symptoms of depression, anxiety, social problems, and attention deficit. Therefore, these patients have difficulty in following medical recommendations, especially precautions regarding precipitating factors for seizures.

No significant relationships.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is administered following general anaesthetic induction with methohexital, thiopental, etomidate, alfentanil, remifentanil, propofol or ketamine. One approach for idealizing the induction anaesthesia for ECT is combining two agents (e.g. ketamine-propofol) with synergistic anaesthetic properties and non-additive anticonvulsive and hyperdynamic effects.

To establish any superiority between ketamine-propofol (ketofol) combination and etomidate in terms of seizure characteristics and hemodynamic measures.

We have combined our previous case series (etomidate vs thiopental) with new data regarding propofol and ketofol. ECT stimulus duration, stimulus frequency, the stimulus charge applied, duration of central seizure time, number of stimulation trials, plus anaesthetic used in the individual sessions were retrieved. A total number of 1092 sessions (239 sessions with etomidate, 233 with thiopental, 275 with propofol, and 345 with ketofol induction) were included in the linear mixed-effects model analysis.

Etomidate was superior in terms of seizure duration compared with thiopental. There was no significant difference in seizure durations between ketofol, propofol and thiopental, however, number of failed stimulation trials within a session increased significantly with propofol use compared with etomidate and ketofol. The required amount of charge (stimulation dosage) was significantly lower when ketofol was used, compared with thiopental. Additionally, within the ketofol sessions only the propofol dose significantly increased the amount of required dose.

Etomidate and ketofol displayed certain superiorities in terms of seizure characteristics when used as induction anaesthetics for ECT. Therefore, both etomidate and ketamine used in combination with propofol may be considered to be the gold standards of ECT anaesthesia.

No significant relationships.

The social defeat hypothesis of psychosis posits that an outsider status or subordinate position is a common denominator of several psychosis risk factors, leads to elevated striatal dopamine function and thereby to an increased risk for the disorder. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether this hypothesis offers a good explanation for the increased psychosis risk for migrants from developing countries. Method: Review of literature. Results: The outsider status and subordinate position of many migrants from developing countries in Europe, and of Africans in particular, is evident. It is also clear that racism contributes to this situation. An interpretation of racism as psychotogenic is supported by findings of increased risks for other discriminated groups, such as homosexuals, individuals with a low IQ or a hearing impairment. The single study that examined dopamine function in migrants reported indeed elevated stress-induced dopamine release and dopamine synthesis capacity (Egerton et al., 2017). Recently, we examined the time course of the RR of treatment for psychosis for all migrants to the Netherlands (Termorshuizen & Selten, submitted). Contrary to our expectations, the RR for migrants from sub-Saharan Africa was already increased in the year of arrival (RR=2.5; 2.0-3.1), particularly for those aged 10-20 years (RR=6.1; 2.9-12.6). Conclusion: The social defeat hypothesis accords well with a psychotogenic effect of racism, but replications of the dopamine study are needed. The finding of an increased risk for Africans in the year of arrival suggests that racism is not the single cause of their increased risk.

No significant relationships.

People with mental illness (MI) have a reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, mostly attributable to somatic diseases caused by poor physical health. Modifiable lifestyle factors are increasingly associated with the onset of somatic diseases in people with MI. Despite the increasing evidence for the efficacy of lifestyle interventions there is little change in routine clinical care. This discrepancy is referred to as the implementation gap and has caused a need for effectiveness and implementation research in real-world settings.

This study investigates the health outcomes and implementation of a multidisciplinary lifestyle focused approach in treatment of inpatients with mental illness (MULTI+).

This is an open cohort stepped wedge cluster randomized trial in inpatients psychiatric wards of GGz Centraal. Three clusters are randomly allocated to one of the three pre-defined steps to integrate MULTI+. MULTI+ can be tailored to fit individual psychiatric wards and includes 10 core components aimed at improving lifestyle factors. The primary outcome is to investigate whether there is a greater decrease in the QRISK3 cardiovascular risk score after receiving MULTI+ as compared to treatment as usual. Secondary outcomes include somatic and mental health outcomes, lifestyle factors, and implementation factors.

First results expected in 2022.

To our knowledge, this will be the first large-scale study evaluating the long-term effects of a multidisciplinary, multicomponent approach aimed at improving lifestyle factors. We expect that this approach will increase long-term sustainability and can serve as a potential blueprint for future implementation of lifestyle interventions to improve routine clinical care.

No significant relationships.

In a previous open-label study, we found that patients with bipolar disorder improved in symptom level when taking micronutrients and fish oil. We planned a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial to explore the feasibility and parameters needed for a larger clinical trial.

We aimed to determine the parameters necessary to conduct a large-scale clinical trial through completing a feasibility study.

Patients were screened for having the diagnosis of bipolar disorder and being willing to take up to 16 micronutrient capsules and 3 fish oil capsules per day. Patients were randomized in a 3:2 ratio to micronutrients or placebo. Patients were seen monthly with assessment of the Clinical Global Impression Scale, the UKU Side Effects Scale, and a review of their medication doses. On a quarterly basis, patients completed the BASIS-24, the MYMOP-2, the Young Mania Scale, and the MADRS questionnaire

The setting was a primary care clinic in Maine in the United States. The patient population was low-income and primarily rural. Disease severity was mild to moderate as only 2 patients were hospitalized during the study. All were symptomatic. One hundred twenty-five patients were screened and accepted randomization. The attrition rate was high and only 52 subjects completed 6 months of treatment. No differences were found between the two groups. We calculated that a minimum of 250 subjects would be needed to have 80% power to detect a difference. All patients improved dramatically in all measures.

Bipolar patients in primary care remain moderately symptomatic and will improve dramatically with monthly visits.

No significant relationships.

Ekbom syndrome is a clinical term for delusional parasitosis, a condition characterized by the belief that one’s skin is infested by invisible parasites. Despite having no medical evidence, patients strive to prove their illness and interpret different sensations and symptoms as infestation with parasites.

Our objective was to present a case report of a patient with Ekbom syndrome with detailed clinical information and treatment complications.

We included patient’s history, psychiatric evaluation, complete diagnostic work-up, therapy and follow-up.

A 60-years old female patient was admitted to her first hospital treatment in our psychiatric clinic. Upon admittance, she was extremely tense, preoccupied with the idea that bed bugs have infested her body. She showed extensive medical documentation, including numerous dermatologic reports regarding her condition, interpreting them in accordance with her delusions. In attempt to help herself and “release” the bugs, she harmed herself causing multiple skin lesions across her body and face. The treatment was complicated with secondary skin infections, ulcers, cellulitis and oedemas. Initial treatment with olanzapine was switched to risperidone due to side-effects (sedation, increase of appetite, weight gain). Gradually, with pharmacological treatment, psychoeducation and support, remission was achieved, but poor insight to her previous condition and psychiatric symptoms remained.

Ekbom syndrome presents a serious disorder that can be complicated with secondary somatic complications, often requiring involvement of different medical specialists. Moreover, lack of insight into the need for psychiatric treatment can lead to therapy discontinuation and relapse of symptoms.

No significant relationships.

Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. Since the outbreak, neuropsychiatric presentations such as delirium have been developing.

Our aim is to describe sociodemographic and clinical differences between inpatients cursing with Acute Confusional Syndrome (ACS) with and without COVID-19 pneumonia.

This is an observational-descriptive study. All patients attended by the liaison psychiatry service of Hospital del Mar, between February and April 2020, with ACS diagnosis were included. The sample was divided in 2 groups (with and without COVID-19 pneumonia). Sociodemographic and clinical variables including sex, age, previous somatic or psychiatric history, ACS risk factors, ACS subtype and pharmacological treatment were compared. Chi-square and U Mann Whitney tests were used.

The total sample was 62 patients. 43.5% were women with a mean age of 71,7 (SD 11,3). Covid pneumonia group included 26 patients. There was a higher percentage of Hypoxemia in Covid pneumonia patients (p<0,001). There were significant differences between Covid pneumonia group and ACS in relation to: a previous diagnosis of Ischemic Heart Disease (p=0,007), Heart Failure (p=0,029) and Nephropathy (p=0,022). Dexmedetomidine (p=0,001) was highly used for ACS treatment in Covid pneumonia patients.

In this sample, patients with ACS and Covid pneumonia had a bigger rate of hypoxemia and previous history of Ischemic Heart Disease, Heart Failure and Nephropathy compared to the rest of ACS patients. Dexmedetomidine was more commonly used for the treatment of ACS in Covid pneumonia group. More studies would be necessary to assess the significance.

No significant relationships.

Enhancing understanding of depression symptom interactions between parents and associations with subsequent child emotional difficulties will inform targeted treatment of depression to prevent transmission within families.

To use a network approach to identify ‘bridge’ symptoms that reinforce mother and father depression, and whether bridge symptoms, as well as other symptoms, impact subsequent child emotional difficulties.

Symptoms were examined using two unregularized partial correlation network models. The study included 4,492 mother-father-child trios from a prospective, population-based cohort in the United Kingdom. Mother and father reports of depression symptoms were assessed when the child was twenty-one months old. Child emotional difficulties were reported by the mother at ages nine, eleven and thirteen years.

Bridge symptoms mutually reinforcing mother and father depression symptoms were feelings of guilt and self-harm ideation, whereas anhedonia acted as a bridge from the father to the mother, but not vice-versa (fig.1, network 1). The symptom of feelings of guilt in mothers was the only bridge symptom which directly associated with child emotional difficulties. Other symptoms that directly associated with child emotional difficulties were feeling overwhelmed for fathers and anhedonia, sadness, and panic in mothers (fig.1, network 2).

Specific symptom interactions are central to the co-occurrence of depression symptoms between parents. Of interest, only one of the bridge symptoms associated with later child emotional difficulties. In addition, specific symptom-to-child outcomes were identified, suggesting that different symptoms in mothers and fathers are central for increased vulnerability in children.

No significant relationships.

Tobacco use is clearly harmful for mental as well as physical health especially among persons <18 yeards age. It is used in multiple forms in many countries such as, somoling chewing etc. It is impotant to know the pattern of tobacco use and the comorbid psychiatric illnesses inthis age group.

To identify the pattern of tobacco use among cases <18 years age with various psychiatric disorders.

It was a cross-sectional study conducted at a psychiatric clinic at Karachi, on all consecutive cases <18 years. Diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 were used.

A total number of 700 consecutive cases below the age of 18 years reporting to psychiatric clinic were inducted in this study. Out of them 107 (15%) patients reported use of tobacco. Among them 83 (77% ) used pan with tobacco. The psychiatric illnesses identified were depressive disorder (39%) & conversion disorder (15%).

Tobacco use (predominantly in the form of chewing), is common amongst children and adolescents reporting for psychiatric consultation. It is important to develop strategies at a community level with legal restriction/implementation selling tobacco to children. Moreover, psychiatric evaluation should be done in all children and adolescents identified as using tobacco, and the term “smoking cessation clinic” should be replaced with “tobacco cessation clinic/ services”.

No significant relationships.

Many different causes of catatonia are well-documented in medicine. Modern understanding of catatonia has evolved in the last 100 years with the suggestion that there is a root cause in neuroinflammation. This is a case report of a young woman who presented to the emergency department with altered mental status, found to have catatonia responsive to lorazepam, with the underlying etiology being a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

A case-based approach is used to support the following learning objectives: - Review the diagnostic criteria for catatonia - Distinguish between simple and malignant catatonia - Review the Bush-Francis Scale - Review available treatment

Mother brings 24-year-old woman into the hospital for altered mental status and changes in behavior including staring spells, periods of withdrawal, refusal to eat, lack of purposeful movement, apraxia, and mutism that worsened 24 hours prior to presentation.

The patient was afebile with negative covid-19 test. Recent diagnosis of Bell’s palsy treated with antivirals and oral steroird, which terminated just prior to presentation. Additionally, patient had outpatient treatment for vertigo. Lumbar puncture was negative for an infectious process. MRI revealed multiple stable white matter lesions in the periventricular, pontine, and subcortical regions, some oriented perpendicular to the corpus callosum.

This case of a 24-year-old woman with catatonia brought an opportunity to retrospectively review a case in detail in order to feature learning objectives that review very important considerations in the evaluation, differential diagnosis, symptom tracking, and treatment of catatonia. The future of research in catatonia is bright and diverse.

No significant relationships.

Cognitive function may be impaired in COVID-19 patients, especially in executive functions such as phonemic fluency. Among risk factors, inflammation during hospitalization is related with worse cognitive performance in the long term. On the other side, it has been shown that cognitive reserve (CR) protects against cognitive impairment associated with brain damage, psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.

Our aim is to study the protective role of cognitive reserve in phonemic fluency to inflammation after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

We enrolled a cohort of 102 severe SARS-CoV-2 survivors after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) discharge and 58 agreed to participate in this 6-month follow-up study. Patients with previously known cognitive impairment were excluded. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. To assess the phonemic fluency, we used the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) controlling the effects of age and education. Inflammation was recorded according to the number of days with high CRP. ANCOVA analyses were used to test the effect of interaction between medical variables and cognitive reserve on phonemic fluency.

The COVID-19 inflammation interacted with CR in phonemic fluency (F= 6.47, p= 0.01), with worse performance in patients with low CR (mean 16.7 (10.2-23.3)) than those with high CR (mean 37.7 (34.3-41.2)) in function of number of days with high PCR during ICU stay.

The role of the cognitive reserve is important to reduce the cognitive impairment related with COVID-19 inflammation in post-ICU patients.

No significant relationships.

Determination of antisuicidal factors (AF) in balance with risk factors for suicidal behavior (SB) is essential for treatment and prophylactic measures.

Study AF in a sample of schizophrenic recovered patients (F.20, ICD-10) according to operational criteria R.P. Liberman et al. (2002).

The content analysis of published self-reports of a sample (n = 13) of Russian and foreign psychiatrists and clinical psychologists with psychotic experience was used as a part of a more extensive qualitative analysis of «wounded healers».

In the history of > ½ (i.e., 7) ex-patients, repeated SPs (aborted suicides), as well as non-suicidal self-harm (e.g., self-cutting), were noted during the active period of the disease, and in four of them – during untreated psychosis. Following AFs can be distinguished in recovery state: clinical (absence of potentially suicidogenic residual depression or/and anxiety, according to criteria N.C. Andreasen et al. (2005) social (professional goals, coping with stigmatization), and existential (e.g., hope, gaining a whole Self).

AF is an important integral component of recovery in schizophrenia as a process of personality development despite a burden of severe mental disorders.

No significant relationships.

Psychiatric illnesses are related with a reduced life expectancy and an increase of mortality rates (around 60%) mainly associated with cardiovascular diseases [1]. The high prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and tobacco use among these patients undoubtelly predispose to the impairment in physical health and mortaility increase. Regular physical activity in the general population is associated with a decrease in cardiovascular risk but litle is know about iss influence in some chronic and severe mental disorders like schizophrenia [2].

To quantify the physical activity performed by a sample of subjects with psychosis, borth males and female, compared to a control group.

A sample composed of 141 patients with schizoprenia was compared to 103 healthy subjects as a control group. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ) scale was applied to all participants. The time (minutes) of physical activity performed in a week (METs) was collected by each participant [3].

The differences in the total physical activity Mets for the patients with schizophrenia were highly significant (p = 0.001), showing a lower degree of physical activity compared to the control group. A higher and significant percentage of sedentary lifestyle among the psychiatric group (64.5%), compared to 35.5% in the control group was found.

The group of pateints with Schizophrenia showed a significant higher sedentary lifestile including less physical activity. This finding could be highly related with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and deterioration of the physical health.

No significant relationships.

Depression and suicidal behaviour are major public health problems everywhere but particularly in Hungary where until 2000 the suicide rate was among the highest in the world.

To analyse the possible causes of declining national suicide rate of Hungary.

Review of the scientific literature on Hungarian suicide scene published in the last 40 years.

The peak of Hungarian national suicide rate was in 1985 (46/100.000) but due to a steady and continuous, year by year decline, in 2019 it was only 16/100.000, which represents a more than 65% decrease. Rate of unrecognised/untreated mood disorders, availability of health/psychiatric care, antidepressant and lithium prescription, unemployment, smoking and alcohol consumption as well as lithium and arsenic contents of drinking water were the most investigated possible determinants of suicide mortality of the country. More widespread and effective treatment of psychiatric/mood disorder patients, decreased rate of unemployment and smoking as well as the continuously improving living standards were the most important contributors to the great decline of the national suicide rate. However, in 2020 – the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic – the national suicide rate rose by 16%, which was almost totally accounted for by the increase of suicides among males.

Suicidal behaviour is preventable in many cases, but as it is a complex, multicausal phenomenon, its prevention should involve several medical/psychiatric, psychosocial and community interventions.

No significant relationships.

Electroconvulsive therapy, also known as seismotherapy or electroshock therapy, consists of passing an alternating current of variable intensity between two electrodes placed on either side of the patient’s skull to create a generalized convulsive seizure with therapeutic effects.

To evaluate the knowledge of the nurses of the neuropsychiatry pole of the Military Hospital of Tunis in seismotherapy.

Descriptive study, carried out in February 2021 in the pole of neuropsychiatry of the Military Hospital of Tunis (Services of psychiatry, neurology and neurosurgery). We developed for this study a form gathering sociodemographic questions and technical questions on seismotherapy (indications, contraindication, monitoring parameters …).

Thirty-nine (39) nurses agreed to answer the questionnaire. The average age was 37 years, 12 men and 27 women, with a sex ratio of 0.44. The majority (62%) of the participants had no idea about seismotherapy, 92% had never attended a session, 90% had no specific training, 87% thought that seismotherapy was indicated for all psychiatric illnesses. Seismotherapy was feasible on an empty stomach for 13% and after free and informed consent of the patient for only 33%.

Although included in the nursing curriculum, the knowledge in seismotherapy of the nurses of the neuropsychiatry pole seems limited. A specific training program is indicated in anticipation of the establishment of a seismotherapy unit at the Military Hospital of Tunis.

No significant relationships.

In vivo and in vitro studies suggest that inflammation and oxidative damage may contribute to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Imbalance between DNA damage and repair is an emerging research area examining pathophysiological mechanisms of these major mood disorders.

This systematic review sought to examine current evidence on the association between mood disorders and deficits in base excision repair (BER), the primary repair mechanism for repair of oxidation-induced DNA lesions.

We conducted a comprehensive literature search of Ovid MEDLINE® Epub Ahead of Print, Ovid MEDLINE® In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE® Daily, EMBASE (1947), and PsycINFO for studies investigating the alterations in base excision repair in patients with MDD or BD.

A total of 1,364 records were identified. 1,352 records remained after duplicates were removed. 24 records were selected for full-text screening and a remaining 12 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) of several BER genes have been shown to be associated with MDD and BD. However, it was difficult to draw conclusions from BER gene expression studies due to conflicting findings and the small number of studies.

Future studies comparing DNA repair during the manic or depressive episode to remission will give us a better insight regarding the role of DNA repair in mood disorders. These alterations might be utilized as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as measuring treatment response.

No significant relationships.

Non-suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) refers to causing damage on body tissue without attending to death. It is mostly presented among the youths and not approved by the society. Studies nowadays have explored the perspectives, feelings or experience of the youths or healthcare professionals. However, negative feelings and misunderstandings toward each other remain from both sides.

The aim was to explore the encountering experience of the youths with NSSI and the healthcare professionals during the same hospitalization in a psychiatric acute ward.

Qualitative study was employed by using narrative approach. In-depth interview was conducted for the youths with NSSI and their primary nurse and resident from a medical center in southern Taiwan.

Narratives from the patients and healthcare professionals showed that the youths seemed to be comfortable as encountering with the healthcare professionals’ caring. In contrast, the healthcare professionals’ struggles had been hidden inside and remained uneasy and unsolved. Two extreme experiences have been reported by the youths with NSSI: felt satisfied and understood about being cared vs. felt numbness and not been understood. Four kinds of experience were identified as: struggling on caring them, feeling confused and helpless, keeping a safe distance, and having contradicted values.

This study found that the healthcare professionals suffer from varied aspects when encountering the youths with NSSI, which they often hid inside without expressing. Future improvement such as care guideline or staff’s support system should be built to decrease the negative effects inside the healthcare professionals’ mind.

No significant relationships.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of neurodevelopmental disabilities causing major social, communication, and behavioural challenges. Although causative roles of altered genes and environment are recognized, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

We carried out a longitudinal analysis of morphological correlates of synaptic plasticity in the cortex with an array of neuro-behavioural tests in Tsc2 loss-of-function ASD rats with persistent mTORC1 hyperactivity.

Dendritic spine density and morphology with astroglial response were analysed along with behavioural tests in 45 d.o., 90 d.o. and 12 m.o. age groups maintained under standard or enriched conditions.

We report a higher density of spines, with a bigger proportion of thin spines in 90 d. o. Tsc2+/- rats, while under enrichment the spine density in 12 m.o groups was lower. In behavioural tests, rats under enrichment showed higher activity in open arms and anogenital contact tests in the second and third age groups. They also showed enhanced self-grooming. Total distance travelled in the open field by Tsc2+/- rats was less in the first and second age groups. Confocal imaging showed an increase in pS6 expression in second and third Tsc2+/- groups, implying mTORC1 hyperactivity.

Our results show that the environment may have differential neuro-behavioural impacts in rats with unleashed mTORC1, in agreement with the two-hit mechanisms of the underlying neuro-behavioural effects in this model. Although the results of the morphometric analysis suggest a causal link between behavioural changes with altered synaptic plasticity, the mechanisms and involved signalling remain to be defined.

No significant relationships.

Aggression and violent incidents are a major concern in psychiatric inpatient care. Nutritional supplementation was found to reduce aggressive incidents and rule violations in forensic populations and in children with behavioral problems.

To assess whether multivitamin, mineral, and n-3 PUFA supplementation would reduce the number of aggressive incidents among long-stay psychiatric inpatients.

The trial was a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Data were collected from 25 July 2016 through 29 October 2019 at 8 local sites for mental healthcare in the Netherlands and Belgium. Participants were randomized (1:1) to receive either three supplements containing multivitamins, minerals, and n-3 PUFA or placebo for 6 months. The primary outcome was the number of aggressive incidents using the Staff Observation Aggression Scale – Revised (SOAS-R). Secondary outcomes were the patients’ quality of life, affective symptoms, and adverse events.

In total, 176 participants were randomized (supplements, n = 87; placebo, n = 89). Participants were on average 49.3 years old (SD = 14.5), and 64.2% were male. Most patients had a psychotic disorder (60.8%). The primary outcome of SOAS-R incidents was similar in those assigned to supplements (1.03 incidents per month; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-1.37) and placebo (0.90; 95% CI: 0.65-1.19), with a rate ratio of 1.08 (95% CI: 0.67-1.74; p = .75). Differential effects were not found in sensitivity analyses on the SOAS-R or on secondary outcomes.

Six months of nutritional supplementation did not reduce aggressive incidents among long-stay psychiatric inpatients.

No significant relationships.

Awareness and knowledge about borderline personality disorder (BPD) is growing during the last decade in Egypt. Yet little is known about the attitude of mental health care providers toward BPD sufferers. Stigma and judgments among health care providers will affect the quality of services provided to these group of patients. Determining those judgments and pointing to the stigma between health care providers will help improving the quality of care to BPD sufferers.

Our objective was to study the attitude of mental health care providers in Egypt toward patients with borderline personality disorder.

62 mental health care providers, with a majority of psychiatrists, working in Egypt completed the attitude to personality disorder questionnaire “APDQ” designed by Bowers et al. (1998). The questionnaire was disturbed through an online form and knowledge of English was mandatory as it was the language of the questionnaire.

The 62 partcipants of which 74.2% were psychiatrists and 68.7% had more than 5 years experince had a total mean score of APDQ of 138.76. The total mean score of 47 psychiatrists was 137.21 which was significantly lower than the mean score of 15 clinical psychologists and counsellors which scored 146.87.

Whereas mental health care professionals in Egypt had generally positive attitude towards BPD patients, clinical psychologists and counsellors had significantly higher scores in comparison to psychiatrists.

No significant relationships.