A hyperinflammatory response to COVID-19 is being described in children. While this presents, and responds to management, similar to that of Kawasaki Disease it is being coined a new entity. But is it really? We explore how this phenomenon may be Kawasaki Disease with a new trigger.

Prosthetic valve thrombosis is a serious complication of prosthetic heart valves that typically requires either surgical intervention or systemic thrombolysis. In patients with contraindications to both treatment modalities, options can be limited. We describe an alternative approach to managing prosthetic valve thrombosis in an infant presenting in extremis with pulmonary haemorrhage. Using transoesophageal echocardiography and fluoroscopic guidance, we restored function to the infant’s obstructed St. Jude prosthetic mitral valve through percutaneous transcatheter manipulation of the valve’s leaflets.

Myocardial bridges are often asymptomatic but may need therapy when causing ischaemia. They have rarely been reported in children or in association with CHD, where symptomatology may be mistakenly attributed to the CHD. We report a case of multiple myocardial bridges causing ischaemia in an adolescent with pulmonary stenosis and discuss management.

Paragangliomas occurring with cyanotic heart disease is a known association. We present a case of an active paraganglioma in a child with unoperated Tetralogy of Fallot, which posed a management challenge considering the pathophysiology of both these conditions.

CHD is closely related to respiratory system diseases (Mok Q, Front Pediatr 2017; 5: 2296–2360). Flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy will diagnose anatomical lesions of the trachea and perform interventions at the same time for children with indications. We report a case of pulmonary artery sling with severe tracheostenosis in a 11-month-old boy. Tracheal stents were placed with good prognosis.

Symptomatic presentation of ductal arteriosus aneurysm is usually a consequence of associated complications, including thromboembolism, infection, and compression of adjacent structures. In this case report, we present a thrombosed ductal aneurysm that developed antenatally with further postnatal progression of the thrombus and complete occlusion of the left pulmonary artery. Urgent surgical thrombectomy was successful and the post-operative course was uneventful.

Kawasaki disease is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in infants and young children. Kawasaki disease that manifests as facial nerve palsy is extremely rare, and the diagnosis is challenging. We report a 4-month-old girl with Kawasaki disease who presented with fever, redness and cracking in the lips and oral cavity, and a right facial nerve palsy. The infant received intravenous immunoglobulin, acetyl salicylic acid, and warfarin. The patient’s fever subsided on the following day, and the right-sided facial nerve palsy was relieved a month later.

We present the case of a child with arterial tortuosity syndrome, describing the operative findings and our surgical technique to address pulmonary arteries stenosis.

This article is to commemorate and celebrate achievements of Professor Milan Šamánek who passed away on 29 April, 2020. Milan was an excellent and visionary paediatric cardiologist who helped to establish paediatric cardiology as a speciality in Czechoslovakia and several other east European countries in the late 1970s. Milan was also paramount for connecting the East and West, helping in no small way to establish the Association for European Paediatric Cardiology (AEPC) as the leading learned society in Europe.