While there are a small number of reasonably deep theorems in mathematical linguistics, I wish to argue that grammar is mathematics at a very basic level, albeit "trivial" mathematics. Linguistic activities such as the production and recognition of sentences are quite analogous to the mathematical activities of proving theorems or making calculations, while learning a language involves something akin to the discovery or invention of postulates.

Si M est une variété riemannienne de dimension n, n ≧ 2, et de métrique g on s'intéresse au problème: trouver toutes les fonctions régulières F : M → IR qui sont valeurs propres ainsi que leur carré de l'opérateur de Laplace-Beltrami, Δ, associé à g.

Presentations which have a minima] number of defining relations are given for the groups SL(2, 2p) and PSL(2, 2p) where p is a prime greater than 3.

We give a characterization of a sparse Blaschke product b in terms of the separation of support sets of its zeros in M(H∞ + C) and the structure of the nonanalytic points. We use this characterization to give a sufficient condition on an interpolating Blaschke product q to have the following property: there exists a non trivial Gleason part P on which q is nonzero and less than one.

We consider the group Ta, its group of characters Za, and an arbitrary order P on Za. For x ∊ Za, let sgnpx be 1, - 1 , or 0 according as x € P\{0}, x € (-P)\{0}, or X = 0. For f in Lp(Ta), 1 < p < ∞, it is known that there is a function in Lp(Ta) such that for all X in Za. Summability methods for are also available. In this paper, we obtain summability methods for that apply for in L1(Ta), and we show how various properties of can be derived from our construction.

We give examples to show that unlike generalized free products of groups (g.f.p.) polygonal products of finitely generated (f.g.) nilpotent groups with cyclic amalgamations need not be residually finite (R) and polygonal products of finite p-groups with cyclic amalgamations need not be residually nilpotent. However, polygonal products f.g. abelian groups are R, and under certain conditions polygonal products of finite p-groups with cyclic amalgamations are R.

It is shown that a soluble-by-finite product G = AB of a nilpotent-by-noetherian group A and a noetherian group B is nilpotentby- noetherian. Moreover, a bound for the torsion-free rank of the Fitting factor group of G is given, in terms of the torsion-free rank of the Fitting factor group of A and the torsion-free rank of B.

We introduce a new type of differentiability, called cofinite Fréchet differentiability. We show that the convex point-of-continuity property of Banach spaces is dual to the cofinite Fréchet differentiability of all equivalent norms. A corresponding result for dual spaces with the weak* convex point-of-continuity property is also established.

Simply connected conformally flat Riemannian manifolds are characterized as hypersurfaces in the light cone of a standard flat Lorentzian space, transversal to its generators. Some applications of this fact are given.

The second order differential equation of Littlejohn-Shore for Laguerre type orthogonal polynomials is generalized in two ways. First the positive Dirac mass can be situated at any point and secondly the weight can be any classical weight modified by an arbitrary number of Dirac distributions.

This paper studies a pointwise definition of sets of uniqueness on compact, 0-dimensional, metric groups. It is shown that this definition is equivalent for closed sets to one based on supports of pseudo functions. An analog of Rajchman's theorem is given leading to examples of sets of uniqueness.

We show that if B is α Blaschke product with nontangential zero set {zk} and 0 < p < 1, 1/2 < αp < 1, then the condition sup0<r<1(l — r) Mp(r, D1+αB) < ∞ is equivalent to the condition {(1 - |zk|(1/p)-αKα} ∊ l∞.

We introduce the class of Harnack domains in which a Harnack type inequality holds for positive harmonic functions with bounds given in terms of the distance to the domain's boundary. We give conditions connecting Harnack domains with several different complete metrics. We characterize the simply connected plane domains which are Harnack and discuss associated topics. We extend classical results to Harnack domains and give applications concerning the rate of growth of various functions defined in Harnack domains. We present a perhaps new characterization for quasidisks.

Let X ⊂ Rnn be an irreducible nonsingular algebraic set and let Z be an algebraic subset of X with dim Z ≦ dim X — 2. In this paper it is shown that there exists an irreducible algebraic subset Y of X satisfying the following conditions: dim Y = dim X — 1, Z ⊂ Y and that the ideal of regular functions on X vanishing on Y is principal.

We present a short, computational proof of the parametric Gauss-Green theorem for a broad class of closed chains. The proof involves only measure theory and the basic theory of differential forms: in particular, no constructions from topology are used. For completeness, the standard properties of winding numbers are also established by methods from analysis.

Natural annihilating polynomials for group rings are produced; this yields, as a special case, the annihilating polynomials for Witt rings that have been discovered only recently.

Elementary proofs are given of the following two statements: (1) Every infinite tree of height at most ω properly embeds into itself. (2) There is a tree of height ω + 1 that does not properly embed into itself.

Let α and β be any two real numbers and let be the Jacobi polynomial sequences. For any non-zero real number a, is an orthogonal polynomial sequence with respect to convolution if and only if either (i) b = 1, α = 0 and β + 1 is not equal to a negative integer or (ii) b = — 1, β = 0 and α + 1 is not equal to a negative integer.

An example is given of a regular space on which every real-valued function with a closed graph is constant. It was previously known that there are regular spaces on which every continuous function is constant. It is also shown here that there are regular spaces that support only constant real-valued continuous functions, but support non-constant real-valued functions with a closed graph.

A condensed domain is an integral domain such that IJ = {xy : x ∊ I, y ∊ J } holds for each pair I, J of ideals. We prove that, under suitable conditions, a subring of a discrete valuation ring is condensed if and only if it contains an element of value 2. We also define the concept strongly condensed.