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6816 results in Condensed Matter Physics, Nanoscience and Mesoscopic Physics

Page 55 of 341

Optical Effects in Solids
  • David B. Tanner
  • Published online:
    29 April 2019
    Print publication:
    02 May 2019
  • An overview of the optical effects in solids, addressing the physics of various materials and their response to electromagnetic radiation. The discussion includes metals, semiconductors, superconductors, and insulators. The book begins by introducing the dielectric function into Maxwell's macroscopic equations and finding their plane-wave solution. The physics governing the dielectric function of various materials is then covered, both classically and using basic quantum mechanics. Advanced topics covered include interacting electrons, the anomalous skin effect, anisotropy, magneto-optics, and inhomogeneous materials. Each subject begins with a connection to the basic physics of the particular solid, after which the measurable optical quantities are derived. It allows the reader to connect measurements (reflectance, optical conductivity and dielectric function) with the underlying physics of solids. Methods of analysing experimental data are addressed, making this an ideal resource for students and researchers interested in solid state physics, optics, and materials science.

  • 10 - Magnetic Behavior of Solids

  • Efthimios Kaxiras, Harvard University, Massachusetts, John D. Joannopoulos, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Book:
    Quantum Theory of Materials
    Published online:
    05 April 2019
    Print publication:
    18 April 2019, pp 480-528

  • Summary

    In this chapter we examine the magnetic behavior in different types of solids. Magnetic order in a solid, induced either by an external field or by inherent properties of the structure, may be destroyed by thermal effects, that is, the tendency to increase the entropy by randomizing the direction of microscopic magnetic moments. Thus, magnetic phenomena are typically observed at low temperatures where the effect of entropy is not strong enough to destroy magnetic ordering.

  • 4 - From Many Particles to the Single-Particle Picture

  • Efthimios Kaxiras, Harvard University, Massachusetts, John D. Joannopoulos, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Book:
    Quantum Theory of Materials
    Published online:
    05 April 2019
    Print publication:
    18 April 2019, pp 161-226

  • Summary

    Up to this point we have treated electrons in solids as essentially independent particles and solved the appropriate single-particle Schrödinger equations, exploiting only the symmetries imposed by the presence of the crystal lattice of ions. Given the strong and long-range interaction between electrons, that is, the Coulomb repulsion, and the fact that they are indistinguishable particles, we would expect a more complicated behavior, including some degree of correlation in the motion of these interacting particles. Thus, a better justification for the single-particle picture is required. We provide a comprehensive justification in this chapter.

Page 55 of 341