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7 - Observing Dynamic States of Single-Molecule DNA and Proteins Using Atomic Force Microscope

from Part III - Mapping DNA Molecules at the Single-Molecule Level

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2022

By
Jingqiang Li ,
Sithara Wijeratne  and
Ching-Hwa Kiang
Edited by
Krishnarao Appasani  and
Raghu Kiran Appasani
Krishnarao Appasani
Affiliation:
GeneExpression Systems, Inc.
Raghu Kiran Appasani
Affiliation:
Psychiatrist, Neuroscientist, & Mental Health Advocate
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Summary

Biomolecules and biopolymers undergo conformational transitions during many biological processes. For example, some proteins are observed to have multiple intermediate states in the folding/unfolding pathways (Stigler et al., 2011; Yu et al., 2012); intrinsically disordered proteins can form diverse metastable structures (Neupane et al., 2014); functional proteins can often be switched between active and inactive states through conformational transitions (Yang et al., 2003; Hanson et al., 2007; Wijeratne et al., 2013); nucleosomes are able to regulate DNA unwrapping through their conformational transitions (Ngo et al., 2015). These dynamic states of DNA and proteins control their biological functions. Since force plays a fundamental role in many, if not all, biological systems, one way to reveal the dynamics of the molecules is to elucidate its intra- and intermolecular force, which can be used as a marker to capture information about their conformational changes.

Type
Chapter
Information
Single-Molecule Science
From Super-Resolution Microscopy to DNA Mapping and Diagnostics
 , pp. 97 - 110
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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