Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T18:54:29.140Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Section 2 - Infectious Disease Emergencies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2023

By
Mark Andreae
Edited by
Kaushal Shah  and
Jarone Lee
Edited in association with
Clark G. Owyang  and
Benjamin Christian Renne
Kaushal Shah
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
Jarone Lee
Affiliation:
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
Clark G. Owyang
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
Benjamin Christian Renne
Affiliation:
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Practical Emergency Resuscitation and Critical Care , pp. 47 - 98
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliography

Avari, H, Hiebert, RJ, Ryzynski, AA, et al. Quantitative assessment of viral dispersion associated with respiratory support devices in a simulated critical care environment. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021;203(9):1112–1118. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202008-3070OCCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brower, RG, Matthay, MA, Morris, A, et al. Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. New Engl J Med 2000;342(18):1301–1308.Google ScholarPubMed
Gottlieb, RL, Nirula, A, Chen, P, et al. Effect of bamlanivimab as monotherapy or in combination with etesevimab on viral load in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2021;325(7):632–644. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.0202CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Janiaud, P, Axfors, C, Schmitt, AM, et al. Association of convalescent plasma treatment with clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2021;325(12):1185–1195. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.2747CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Korley, FK, Durkalski-Mauldin, V, Yeatts, SD, et al. Early convalescent plasma for high-risk outpatients with COVID-19. N Engl J Med 2021;385(21):1951–1960. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2103784CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Libster, R, Pérez, MG, Wappner, D, et al. Early high-titer plasma therapy to prevent severe COVID-19 in older adults. N Engl J Med 2021;384(7):610–618. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2033700CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saniasiaya, J, Islam, MA, Abdullah, B. Prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A meta-analysis of 27,492 patients. Laryngoscope 2021;131(4):865–878. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.29286CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silva, FAFD, Brito, BB, Santos, MLC, et al. COVID-19 gastrointestinal manifestations: A systematic review. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020;53:e20200714. https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0714-2020CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Solomon, IH, Normandin, E, Bhattacharyya, S, et al. Neuropathological features of Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2020;383(10):989–992. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2019373CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wong, HYF, Lam, HYS, Fong, AHT, et al. Frequency and distribution of chest radiographic findings in patients positive for COVID-19. Radiology 2020;296(2):E72–E78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhao, W, Zhong, Z, Xie, X, et al. Relation between chest CT findings and clinical conditions of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia: A multicenter study. Am J Roentgenol 2020;214(5):1072–1077.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

ARISE Investigators, ANZICS Clinical Trials Group, Peake, SL, et al. Goal-directed resuscitation for patients with early septic shock. N Engl J Med 2014; 371:1496–1506.Google ScholarPubMed
Evans, L, Rhodes, A, Alhazzani, W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: International guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med 2021;47(11):1181–1247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-021-06506-yCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
ProCESS Investigators, Yealy, DM, Kellum, JA, et al. A randomized trial of protocol-based care for early septic shock. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1683–1693.Google ScholarPubMed
ProMISe Investigators, Mouncey, PR, Osborn, TM, et al. Trial of early, goal-directed resuscitation for septic shock. N Engl J Med 2015;372:1301–1311.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rhodes, A, Evans, LE, Alhazzani, W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Crit Care Med 2017;45:486–552.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rivers, E, Nguyen, B, Havstad, S, et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1368–1377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singer, M, Deutschman, CS, Seymour, CW, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016;315:801–810.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Kalil, AC, Metersky, ML, Klompas, M, et al. Management of adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: 2016 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society [published correction appears in Clin Infect Dis 2017;64(9):1298] [published correction appears in Clin Infect Dis 2017;65(8):1435] [published correction appears in Clin Infect Dis 2017;65(12):2161]. Clin Infect Dis 2016;63(5):e61–e111. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw353Google Scholar
Metlay, J P, Waterer, GW, Long, AC, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An official clinical practice guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2019;200(7):e45–e67. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201908-1581STCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walls, RM, Hockberger, RS, & Gausche-Hill, M. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice, 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2018.Google Scholar

Bibliography

Attia, J, Hatala, R, Cook, DJ, et al. Does this adult patient have acute meningitis? JAMA 1999;282:175–181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McIntyre, PB, Berkey, CS, King, SM, et al. Dexamethasone as adjunctive therapy in bacterial meningitis: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials since 1988. JAMA 1997;278:925–931.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Straus, SE, Thorpe, KE, Holroyd-Leduc, J, et al. How do I perform a lumbar puncture and analyze the results to diagnose bacterial meningitis? JAMA 2006;296:2012–2022.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tunkel, AR, Glaser, CA, Bloch, KC, et al. The management of encephalitis: Clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2008;47:303–327.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tunkel, AR, Hartman, BJ, Kaplan, SL, et al. Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39:1267–1284.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van de Beek, D, de Gans, J, Tunkel, AR, et al. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults. N Engl J Med 2006;354:44–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van de Beek, D, Drake, JM, Tunkel, AR. Nosocomial bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med 2010;362:146–154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Marx, JA, Hockberger, RS, Walls, RM, et al., eds. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice, 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier, 2018.Google Scholar
Tintinalli, JE, Stapczynski, JS, Cline, DM, et al., eds. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical, 2016.Google Scholar
Habib, G, Lancellotti, P, Antunes, MJ, et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the Management of Infective Endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2015;36(44):3075–3128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, A, Gaca, JG, Chu, VH. Management considerations in infective endocarditis: A review. JAMA 2018;320(1):72–83. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.7596CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Stevens, DL, Bryant, AE, Goldstein, EJ. Necrotizing soft tissue infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2021;35(1):135–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2020.10.004CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bibliography

AIDSinfo. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents [Internet]. 2011 [updated March 27, 2012]. Available from: https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines [last accessed February 15, 2023).Google Scholar
Ayoade, F, Chandranesan, JAS. HIV-1 associated toxoplasmosis. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing; 2021. Available from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441877/ [last accessed February 15, 2023].Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1993 Revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. JAMA 1993;269:729–730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chu, C, Pollock, LC, Selwyn, PA. HIV-associated complications: A systems-based approach. Am Fam Physician 2017;96(3):161–169. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28762691/Google ScholarPubMed
Kaplan, JE, Benson, C, Holmes, KK, et al. Guidelines for prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: Recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. MMWR Recomm Rep 2009;58(RR-4):1–207.Google Scholar
Limper, AH, Adenis, A, Le, T, et al. Fungal infections in HIV/AIDS. Lancet Infect Dis 2017;17(11):e334–e343. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(17)30303-1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marco, CA, Rothman, RE. HIV infection and complications in emergency medicine. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2008;26:367–387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marochi-Telles, JP, Muniz, R Jr, Sztajnbok, J, et al. Disseminated mycobacterium avium on HIV/AIDS: Historical and current literature review. Aids Revs 2020;22(1). https://doi.org/10.24875/aidsrev.20000104Google ScholarPubMed
Munro, M, Yadavalli, T, Fonteh, C, et al. Cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV and non-HIV individuals. Microorganisms 2019;8(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010055CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sarwar, M, Gardezi, SAH, Zaman, G, et al. Evaluation of galactomannan and beta-d-glucan assays for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in clinically suspected cases. J Pak Med Assoc 2020;70(3):442–446. https://doi.org/10.5455/JPMA.1476Google ScholarPubMed
Shiels, MS, Engels, EA. Evolving epidemiology of HIV-associated malignancies. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2017;12(1):6–11. https://doi.org/10.1097/COH.0000000000000327CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Venkat, A, Piontkowsky, DM, Cooney, RR, et al. Care of the HIV-positive patient in the emergency department in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Ann Emerg Med 2008;52:274–285.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wood, B, Sax, , & Mitty, J. The natural history and clinical features of HIV infection in adults and adolescents. Published March 8, 2021. Available from: www.uptodate.com/contents/the-natural-history-and-clinical-features-of-hiv-infection-in-adults-and-adolescents/print [last accessed February 15, 2023].Google Scholar
1993 revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR Recomm Rep 1992;41(RR-17):1–19.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×