Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
I have also a paper afloat, with an electromagnetic theory of light, which, till I am convinced to the contrary, I hold to be great guns.
James Clerk Maxwell, in a letter to his friend, C.H. Cay, January 5, 1865.The electric field
Let us recall the plan we adopted at the close of section 3.1:
(a) Learn about waves.
(b) Find that light does indeed have a wave-like character.
(c) Learn what the “something” is out of which light waves are formed.
In subsequent sections, we found that waves do have the properties of reflection and refraction that light possesses. Then we shifted perspective and found that light has the property of interference that waves possess. In short, chapters 3 and 4 taught us that light does indeed have a wave-like character.
Before we can address part (c) of the plan, we need to know certain aspects of electricity and magnetism. So we turn now to those twin subjects.
Sometimes, when you pull a sweater off over your head on a day when the air is particularly dry (perhaps indoors in winter), you hear a crackling sound and may even feel an electric spark. The frictional rubbing of the sweater on your shirt or blouse separates some electric charges, one from another; the crackling and the spark are a miniature form of thunder and lightning.
More deliberate rubbing of two different objects separates electric charges more effectively.
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