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Chapter 17 - The Use of Botulinum Neurotoxin in Spastic Infantile Cerebral Palsy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2023

By
Ann H. Tilton
Edited by
Daniel Truong ,
Dirk Dressler ,
Mark Hallett ,
Christopher Zachary  and
Mayank Pathak
Daniel Truong
Affiliation:
University of California, Riverside
Dirk Dressler
Affiliation:
Hannover Medical School
Mark Hallett
Affiliation:
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Christopher Zachary
Affiliation:
University of California, Irvine
Mayank Pathak
Affiliation:
Truong Neuroscience Institute
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Summary

Cerebral palsy is not a specific disease, but a clinical syndrome caused by a non-progressive injury to the developing brain that results in a disorder of movement and posture that is permanent but not unchanging. Spasticity is the most common movement disorder, affecting between 60% and 80% of children with cerebral palsy, and can manifest as spastic hemiplegia, spastic diplegia and spastic quadriplegia. Dystonia is characterized by involuntary sustained or intermittent muscle contractions that cause twisting and repetitive movements, abnormal postures or both. Athetosis, or intermittent writhing movement, is also very common. These movement disorders are all amenable to treatment with botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT). This chapter discusses topographical symptom distribution and illustrates the typical forms of cerebral palsy using an anatomical approach to management. Common clinical patterns of spastic posturing, the major involved, muscles and dose ranges for the different toxin preparations are tabulated.

Keywords

Cerebral palsymuscle contracturespasticitydystoniaathetosisspastic hemiplegiaspastic diplegiaspastic quadriplegiabotulinum neurotoxinBoNT
Type
Chapter
Information
Manual of Botulinum Toxin Therapy , pp. 125 - 132
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

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