Book contents
- The Limits of Universal Rule
- The Limits of Universal Rule
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Maps
- Figures
- Contributors
- Abbreviations
- Preface
- Introduction
- 1 From the Mediterranean to the Indus Valley: Modalities and Limitations of the Achaemenid Imperial Space
- 2 Limits of All-Under-Heaven: Ideology and Praxis of “Great Unity” in Early Chinese Empire
- 3 The Roman Empire
- 4 The Medieval Roman Empire of the East as a Spatial Phenomenon (300–1204 CE)
- 5 Early Islamic Imperial Space
- 6 The Mongol Imperial Space
- 7 The Territories and Boundaries of Empires
- 8 Delimiting the Realm Under the Ming Dynasty
- 9 The Expansion of the Qing Empire Before 1800
- 10 All Under the Tsar
- Index
- References
5 - Early Islamic Imperial Space
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 January 2021
Book contents
- The Limits of Universal Rule
- The Limits of Universal Rule
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Maps
- Figures
- Contributors
- Abbreviations
- Preface
- Introduction
- 1 From the Mediterranean to the Indus Valley: Modalities and Limitations of the Achaemenid Imperial Space
- 2 Limits of All-Under-Heaven: Ideology and Praxis of “Great Unity” in Early Chinese Empire
- 3 The Roman Empire
- 4 The Medieval Roman Empire of the East as a Spatial Phenomenon (300–1204 CE)
- 5 Early Islamic Imperial Space
- 6 The Mongol Imperial Space
- 7 The Territories and Boundaries of Empires
- 8 Delimiting the Realm Under the Ming Dynasty
- 9 The Expansion of the Qing Empire Before 1800
- 10 All Under the Tsar
- Index
- References
Summary
This chapter investigates the emergence of imperial space in the early Islamic world, 7th–12th centuries, and Muslim notions of empire in this period. It examines how an imperial space was conquered under the Prophet Muhammad, Rashidun Caliphs and Umayyad dynasty, reaching its height in c.740, followed by its fragmentation under the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258). The role of jihad in this expansion is examined, along with the institutions that bound the empire together and the reasons for its disintegration. The expansion of the frontiers of the Islamic world only began again under Turkish dynasties, the Seljuqs, Qarakhanids and Ghaznavids in the 11th century, when parts of Anatolia, Central Asia and India were conquered. Finally, this chapter considers how imperial space was visualised and represented in this period, examining the evidence of maps in manuscripts of works by Arabic geographers of the 10th–11th centuries.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Limits of Universal RuleEurasian Empires Compared, pp. 180 - 219Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2021
References
Albrecht, Sarah. 2016. ‘Dār al-islām wa dār al-ḥarb’, Encyclopedia of Islam, THREE. Brill Online.Google Scholar
Athamina, Khalil. 1987. ‘A‘rāb and muhājirūn in the Environment of amṣār’, Studia Islamica 66: 5–25.Google Scholar
Antrim, Zayde. 2012. Routes and Realms: The Power of Place in the Early Islamic World. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Al-Baladhuri, (d. 892). 1987. Futuh al-buldan, ed. ‘Anis al-Tabba, Abdallah‘ and ‘Anis al-Tabba, Umar‘. Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Ma‘arif.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. 2004. ‘Ilek-Khanids’, Encyclopaedia Iranica, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ilak-khanidsGoogle Scholar
Blankinship, Khalid Yahya. 1994. The End of the Jihad State: The Reign of Hisham Ibn ʿAbd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Bonner, Michael. 2006. Jihad in Islamic History: Doctrines and Practice. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Bulliet, Richard. 1979. Conversion to Islam in the Medieval Period: An Essay in Quantitative History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Bulliet, Richard. 2009. Cotton, Climate, and Camels in Early Islamic Iran. A Moment in World History. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Clarke, Nicola. 2018. ‘Caliphs and Conquerors: Images of the Marwanids and Their Agents in Narratives of the Conquest of Iberia’. In Power, Patronage and Memory in Early Islam: Perspectives on Umayyad Elites, ed. George, Alain and Marsham, Andrew, 301–19. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Crone, Patricia. 1994. ‘The First-Century Concept of Hiğra’. Arabica 41: 352–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crone, Patricia. 2012. The Nativist Prophets of Early Islamic Iran: Rural Revolt and Local Zoroastrianism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Daryaee, Touraj. 2002, ‘The Collapse of Sasanian Power in Fārs/Persis’. Name-ye Iran-e Bastan 2(1): 3–18.Google Scholar
Donner, Fred M. 1981. The Early Islamic Conquests. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Donner, Fred M. 1986. ‘The Formation of the Islamic State’. Journal of the American Oriental Society 106: 283–96.Google Scholar
Donner, Fred M. 1995. ‘Centralized Authority and Military Autonomy in the Early Islamic Conquests’. In The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East, III. States, Resources and Armies, ed. Cameron, Averil, 337–60. Princeton, NJ: Darwin Press.Google Scholar
Donner, Fred M. 2018. ‘Talking About Islam’s Origins’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 81: 1–23.Google Scholar
Dowsett, C.J.F. (trans.). 1961. The History of the Caucasian Albanians by Movsēs Dasxuranci. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ellenblum, Ronnie. 2012. Collapse of the Eastern Mediterranean: Climate Change and the Decline of the East, 950–1072. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Fowden, Garth. 2004. Qusayr ‘Amra: Art and the Umayyad Elite in Late Antique Syria. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
George, Alain. 2018. ‘Paradise and Empire’. In Power, Patronage and Memory in Early Islam: Perspectives on Umayyad Elites, ed. George, Alain and Marsham, Andrew, 39–67. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Golden, Peter B. 1990. ‘The Karakhanids and Early Islam’. In The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, ed. Sinor, Denis, 343–70. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gutas, Dimitri. 1998. Greek Thought, Arabic Culture. The Graeco-Arabic Translation Movement in Baghdad and Early ‘Abbasid Society (2nd–4th / 8th–10th Centuries). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Haldon, John. 2016. The Empire that Would Not Die: The Paradox of Eastern Roman Survival, 640–740. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Heck, Gene W. 1999. ‘Gold Mining in Arabia and the Rise of the Islamic State’. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 42(3): 364–95.Google Scholar
Hillenbrand, Carole. 2007. Turkish Myth and Muslim Symbol. The Battle of Manzikert. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Hoyland, Robert. 2014. In God’s Path: The Arab Conquests and the Creation of an Islamic Empire. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hawqal, Ibn (d. 988). n.d. Kitab Surat al-Ard. Süleymaniye Library, Istanbul, MS Ayasofya 2934 (no date of copying, possibly 13th century); MS Ayasofya 2577M (copied 711AH/1311AD).Google Scholar
Khurdadhbih, Ibn (d. 912). 1889. Kitab al-Masalik wa’l-Mamalik, ed. de Goeje, M.J.. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Al-Istakhri, (d. after 951–2). Kitab al-Masalik wa’l-Mamalik (Persian translation). Süleymaniye Library, Istanbul, MS Ayasofya 3156 (no date of copying, 14th century).Google Scholar
Kaldellis, Anthony. 2017. Streams of Gold, Rivers of Blood: The Rise and Fall of Byzantium, 955 A.D. to the First Crusade. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kaplony, Andreas. 2008. ‘Comparing al-Kāshgharī’s Map with his Text: On the visual language, purpose and transmission of Arabic-Islamic maps’. In: The Journey of Maps and Images on the Silk Road, ed. Forêt, Philippe and Kaplony, Andreas, 137–53. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
al-Kāṡɣarī, Maḥmūd (fl. late 11th century). 1982. Compendium of Turkish Dialects, ed. and tr. Dankoff, Robert with Kelly, James. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Hugh. 2001. The Armies of the Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Hugh. 2004. ‘The Decline and Fall of the First Muslim Empire’. Der Islam 81: 3–30.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Hugh. 2007. The Great Arab Conquests: How the Spread of Islam Changed the World We Live In. London: Phoenix.Google Scholar
Kristó-Nagy, István. 2016. ‘Conflict and Cooperation between Arab Rulers and Persian Administrators in the Formative Period of Islamdom, c.600-c.950’. In Empires and Bureaucracy in World History: From Late Antiquity to the Twentieth Century, ed. Crooks, Peter and Parsons, Timothy H., 54–80. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lassner, Jacob. 1980: The Shaping of ‘Abbāsid Rule. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Marsham, Andrew. 2009. Rituals of Islamic Monarchy: Accession and Succession in the First Muslim Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Marsham, Andrew 2018. ‘“God’s Caliph” Revisited: Umayyad Political Thought in its Late Antique Context’. In Power, Patronage and Memory in Early Islam: Perspectives on Umayyad Elites, ed. George, Alain and Marsham, Andrew, pp. 3–37 Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Moreno, Eduardo Manzano. 2011: Conquistadores, emires y califas. Los omeyas y la formación de al-Andalus. Madrid: Editorial Crítica.Google Scholar
Moreno, Eduardo Manzano. 2020. ‘Conquest and Settlement: What al-Andalus can tell us about the Arab Expansion at the time of the Umayyad Caliphate’. In The Umayyad World, ed. Marsham., Andrew London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Munt, Harry. 2016. ‘Caliphal Imperialism and Ḥijāzi Elites in the Second/Eighth Century’. al-Masāq 28: 6–21.Google Scholar
Al-Muqaddasi (ca. 945–1000), Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma‘rifat al-Aqalim. Süleymaniye Library, Istanbul, MS Ayasofya 2971M (copied in 658AH/1260AD).Google Scholar
Park, Hyunhee. 2012. Mapping the Chinese and Islamic Worlds: Cross-Cultural Exchange in Pre-modern Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Paul, Jürgen. 2016. ‘Nomads and Bukhara. A Study in Nomad Migrations, Pasture, and Climate Change (11th century CE)’. Der Islam 93(2): 495–531.Google Scholar
Peacock, A. C. S. 2010. Early Seljuq History: A new interpretation. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Peacock, A. C. S. 2015. The Great Seljuk Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Peacock, A. C. S. (ed.). 2017. Islamisation: Comparative Perspectives from History. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Pinto, Karen C. 2016. Medieval Islamic Maps: An Exploration. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Pourshariati, Pervaneh. 2008. Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire. London: I.B. Tauris.Google Scholar
Pourshariati, Pervaneh. 1998. ‘Local Histories of Khurāsān and the Pattern of Arab Settlement’. Studia Iranica 27: 41–81.Google Scholar
Preiser-Kappeler, Johannes. 2018. Jenseits von Rom und Karl dem Grossen: Aspekte der Globale Verflechtung in der langen Spätantike, 300–800 n. Chr. Vienna: Mandelbaum Verlag.Google Scholar
Rapoport, Yossef and Savage-Smith, Emilie. 2018. Lost Maps of the Caliphs: Drawing the World in Eleventh Century Cairo. Oxford: Bodleian Library.Google Scholar
Sijpesteijn, Petra. 2013. Shaping a Muslim State: The World of a Mid-Eighth-Century Egyptian Official. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tor, Deborah G. 2005 ‘Privatized Jihad and Public Order in the Pre-Seljuq Period: The Role of the Mutatawwi‘a.’ Iranian Studies 38: 555–73.Google Scholar
Tor, Deborah G. 2009, ‘The Islamization of Central Asia in the Sāmānid Era and the Reshaping of the Muslim World’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 72: 272–99.Google Scholar
Tor, Deborah G. 2018, ‘The Eclipse of Khurāsān in the Twelfth Century’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 81: 251–76.Google Scholar
Treadwell, Luke. 2009. ‘Abd al-Malik’s Coinage Reforms. The Role of the Damascus Mint’. Revue Numismatique 9: 357–91.Google Scholar
Turan, Osman. 1955. ‘The Ideal of World Domination among the Medieval Turks’. Studia Islamica 4: 77–90.Google Scholar
Turan, Osman. 2003. Türk Cihan Hakimiyeti Mefkuresi Tarihi. Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyatı.Google Scholar
Vacca, Alison. 2017. Non-Muslim Provinces under Early Islam: Islamic Rule and Iranian Legitimacy in Armenia and Caucasian Albania. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
De La Vassière, Etienne. 2007. Samarcande et Samarra. Elites d’Asie centrale dans l’empire abbasside. Leuven: Peeters.Google Scholar
Al-Waqidi (c.747–843). 2004. Kitab al-Maghazi, ed. Muhammad ‘Abd al-Qadir Ahmad ‘Ata. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.Google Scholar
Webb, Peter. 2016. Imagining the Arabs: Arab Identity and the Rise of Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Whitby, Michael and Whitby, Mary (trans.). 1989. Chronicon Paschale 284–628 AD.Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.Google Scholar
Zadeh, Travis. 2011. Mapping Frontiers across Medieval Islam: Geography, Translation and the ‘Abbasid Empire. London: I.B. Tauris.Google Scholar