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6 - Morphosyntax: Case, Grammatical Relations, and Nominalization

from Part II - Language Structure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 November 2019

Sungdai Cho  and
John Whitman
Sungdai Cho
Affiliation:
State University of New York, Binghamton
John Whitman
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
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Summary

Chapter 6 focuses on the interface between morphology and syntax. We discuss case, postpositions, delimiters, nominalization, and numerals. We look at nominative, accusative, and genitive cases, describing their distribution and allomorphy and devote special attention to contexts where nominative and accusative usage is interchangeable or nearly so. We introduce the case marking postpositions: dative, locative, direction, goal, source, conjunctive, and disjunctive. The three most common delimiters – particles marking association with focus – are introduced with their properties. We discuss three nominalization processes, derived from four distinct parts of speech. We present constructions related to numerality, including cardinal numbers, ordinal numbers, numeral classifier phrases, and the marking of plurality. As Korean speakers have been using Chinese characters from early in the Common Era, the Sino-Korean stratum has heavily impacted Korean morphosyntax, and we see this impact particularly in numerality. We describe the well-known “ubiquitous” nature of the Korean plural marker tul, which appears not only on pluralized NPs, but on other parts of speech as well.

Keywords

CasePostpositionsDelimitersNominalizationNumerals
Type
Chapter
Information
Korean
A Linguistic Introduction
 , pp. 146 - 189
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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References

Further Readings

Young-Ran, An. 2008. Korean tul and English all. In Boeckx, Cedric and Ulutas, S. (eds.), Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Altaic Formal Linguistics (WAFL4). MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, Vol. 55. Cambridge, MA: MITWPL.Google Scholar
Cho, Sungeun. 2003. A conditioning factor in possessor agreement constructions. In Clancy, Pat (ed.), Japanese/Korean Linguistics, Vol. 11, 343–351. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.Google Scholar
Hong, Jongseon. 2004. Myengsahwa [Nominalizing]. Say Kwuke Saynghwal 14 (2): 167–185. National Institute of Korean Language.Google Scholar
Kang, Beommo. 2002. Pemcwu munpep: Hankwuke-uy hyeongthaylon, thongsalon, thaip-nonlicek uymilon [Categorial grammar: The morphology, syntax, and typo-logical semantics of Korean]. Seoul: Korea University Press.Google Scholar
Kim, Young-Joo. 1989. Inalienable possession as a semantic relationship underlying predication: The case of multiple-accusative constructions. In Kuno, Susumo et al. (eds.), Harvard Studies in Korean Linguistics, Vol. 3, 445–468. Seoul: Hanshin Publishing.Google Scholar
Young-Kun, Ko. 1995. Tane, Mwuncang, Theyksuthu [Word, Sentence, Text]. Seoul: Hankuk Publisher.Google Scholar
Nam, Ki-Shim and Young-Kun, Ko. 2013. Phyocwun Kwuke Mwunpeplon [Grammar of Standard Korean], 3rd ed. Seoul: TOP Publisher.Google Scholar
Rhee, Seongha. 2011. Nominalization and stance markings in Korean. In Yap, Foong Ha, Grunow-Hårsta, Karen, and Wrona, Jack (eds.), Nominalization in Asian Languages: Diachronic and Typological Perspectives, 393–422. John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Tomioka, Satoshi and Sim, Chang-Yong. 2007. The event semantic root of inalienable possession. Unpublished manuscript, University of Delaware.Google Scholar
Yang, Dong-Whee. 1999. Case features and case particles. In Bird, et al. (eds.), West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics 18, 626–639. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.Google Scholar
Yoon, Jong Yurl. 1989. On the multiple ka and lul constructions in Korean. In Takubo, Yukinori et al. (eds.), Japanese/Korean Linguistics, Vol. 16, 64–83. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.Google Scholar

References

Chun, Sun-Ae. 1985. Possessor ascension for multiple case sentences. In Kuno, Susumo et al. (eds.), Harvard Studies in Korean Linguistics Vol. 1, 30–39. Seoul: Hanshin Publishing.Google Scholar
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Yoon, James. 2004. Non-nominative (major) subjects and case-stacking in Korean. In Bhaskararao, Peri and Subbarao, K. V. (eds.), Non-Nominative Subjects, Vol. 2, 265–314. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yoon, James. 2015. Double nominative and double accusative constructions. In Brown, Lucien and Yeon, Jaehoon (eds.), The Handbook of Korean Linguistics. Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
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