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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 August 2020
Many types of chemical pollutants biomagnify across the food chain and reach their highest levels in predators such as kestrels. In urban and suburban environments, kestrels are also being exposed to non-chemical pollutants (e.g. electromagnetic fields, light and noise pollution), which are becoming a growing concern. This chapter summarises the ways through which a range of chemical and non-chemical pollutants may influence the behaviour, physiology and reproduction of kestrels, and describes how patterns of population recovery have followed the control and withdrawal of some chemical pollutants.
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