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9.6 - Acute Neurological Disorders

from Section 9 - Paediatric Care

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2023

By
Andrew J. Jones  and
Thomas Brick
Edited by
Ned Gilbert-Kawai ,
Debashish Dutta  and
Carl Waldmann
Ned Gilbert-Kawai
Affiliation:
The Royal Liverpool Hospital
Debashish Dutta
Affiliation:
Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow
Carl Waldmann
Affiliation:
Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading
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Summary

Key Learning Points

  1. 1. Children with an acute neurological problem requiring intensive care will broadly present with seizures or decreased consciousness (or both).

  2. 2. The advanced paediatric life support (APLS) guidelines are regularly updated and provide guidance on treatment of status epilepticus.

  3. 3. It may be appropriate to extubate some children with seizures in the local hospital and avoid the need for transport to a paediatric intensive care unit.

  4. 4. It is not necessary to perform a lumbar puncture acutely.

  5. 5. Children requiring urgent neurosurgery are usually transported by the local team (rather than waiting for a specialist transport service).

Keywords

neurological disordersstatus epilepticusintraventricular shunts
Type
Chapter
Information
Intensive Care Medicine
The Essential Guide
 , pp. 708 - 710
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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References

References and Further Reading

Advanced Life Support Group, Samuels, M, Wieteska, S (eds). The child with a decreased conscious level. In: Advanced Life Support Group, Samuels, M, Wieteska, S (eds). Advanced Paediatric Life Support, 6th edn. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell; 2016. pp. 89–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Advanced Life Support Group, Samuels, M, Wieteska, S (eds). The convulsing child. In: Advanced Life Support Group, Samuels, M, Wieteska, S (eds). Advanced Paediatric Life Support, 6th edn. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell; 2016. pp. 99–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chin, RF, Neville, BG, Peckham, C, Bedford, H, Wade, A, Scott, RC; NLSTEPSS Collaborative Group. Incidence, cause, and short-term outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in childhood: prospective population-based study. Lancet 2006;368:222–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mangat, HS, Patel, C, Rodrigues, D. Fifteen-minute consultation: assessment of a child with suspected shunt problems. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2017;102:170–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
PICANet. 2017. PICANet annual report 2017. Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network. www.picanet.org.uk/Audit/Annual-Reporting/Annual-Report-Archive/Google Scholar
Reynolds, S, Marikar, D, Roland, D. Management of children and young people with an acute decrease in conscious level (RCPCH guideline update 2015). Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2018;103:146–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sadleir, LG, Scheffer, IE. Febrile seizures. BMJ 2007;334:307–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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