Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Editors’ Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations of Rabbinic Literature and Scripture
- Documents
- Introduction
- Part I To 900 ce
- Part II 900 to 1800
- Part III 1800 to the Present Day
- 6 The Rise of Antisemitism to Early Zionism
- 7 From World War I to the Holocaust
- 8 The State of Israel to the Election of Pope John Paul II
- 9 The Flourishing of Jewish–Christian Relations
- Appendix to Part III: Institutional Statements: 1947 to the Present Day
- Index of Documents and Sources
- Index of Names and Subjects
- References
6 - The Rise of Antisemitism to Early Zionism
1800–1914
from Part III - 1800 to the Present Day
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 03 October 2024
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Editors’ Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations of Rabbinic Literature and Scripture
- Documents
- Introduction
- Part I To 900 ce
- Part II 900 to 1800
- Part III 1800 to the Present Day
- 6 The Rise of Antisemitism to Early Zionism
- 7 From World War I to the Holocaust
- 8 The State of Israel to the Election of Pope John Paul II
- 9 The Flourishing of Jewish–Christian Relations
- Appendix to Part III: Institutional Statements: 1947 to the Present Day
- Index of Documents and Sources
- Index of Names and Subjects
- References
Summary
This chapter shows how antisemitism built on Christian anti-Judaism, including blood libel accusations but also the appearance of Christian philosemitism. Documents show Zionism was a reaction to antisemitism as well as to the rise of nationalism and also benefited from Christian restorationism.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- A Documentary History of Jewish–Christian RelationsFrom Antiquity to the Present Day, pp. 289 - 340Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2024
References
Bakker, Arjen F., Bloch, René, Fisch, , Fredriksen, Yael, , Paula and Najman, Hindy (eds.), Protestant Bible Scholarship: Anti-Semitism, Philo-Semitism and Anti-Judaism, Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism 200 (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2022).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beller, Steven, Vienna and the Jews 1867–1938: A Cultural History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989).Google Scholar
Feldman, David, Englishmen and Jews: Social Relations and Political Culture 1840–1914 (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1994).Google Scholar
Liedtke, Rainer, and Wendehorst, Stephan (eds.), The Emancipation of Catholics, Jews and Protestants: Minorities and the Nation State in Nineteenth-Century Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999).Google Scholar
Sebestyen, Victor, Budapest: Between East and West (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2022).Google Scholar
Smith, Helmut Walser (ed.), Protestants, Catholics and Jews in Germany, 1800–1914 (Oxford: Berg, 2001).Google Scholar
Tal, Uriel, Christians and Jews in Germany: Religion, Politics, and Ideology in the Second Reich, 1870–1914, trans. Noah Jonathan Jacobs (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1975).Google Scholar
Tama, M. Diogene, Transactions of the Parisian Sanhedrim, trans. F. D. Kirwan (London: Charles Taylor, 1807), 131–2, 150–2, 154–6, 176, 179–80, 193–5, 201–2, 207.Google Scholar
Schwarzfuchs, Simon, Napoleon, the Jews and the Sanhedrin (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984).Google Scholar
From The Education of the Heart: The Correspondence of Rachel Mordecai Lazarus and Maria Edgeworth edited by Edgar E. MacDonald. Copyright © 1977 by the University of North Carolina Press. Used by permission of the publisher. www.uncpress.org. Text quoted from pp. 6–9, 13–18, 23.Google Scholar
Anderson, Emily Hodgson, ‘Autobiographical Interpolations in Maria Edgeworth’s Harrington’, ELH 76, no. 1 (Spring 2009), 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Del Balzo, Angelina, ‘“The Feelings of Others”: Sympathy and Anti-Semitism in Maria Edgeworth’s Harrington’, Eighteenth-Century Fiction 31, no. 4 (Summer 2019), 685–704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacDonald, Edgar E. (ed.), The Education of the Heart: The Correspondence of Rachel Mordecai Lazarus and Maria Edgeworth (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1977).Google Scholar
Page, Judith W., ‘Maria Edgeworth’s Harrington: From Shylock to Shadowy Peddlers’, The Wordsworth Circle 32, no. 1 (January 2001), 9–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hensel, Sebastian, The Mendelssohn Family (1729–1847): From Letters and Journals, vol. 1, 2nd rev. ed., trans. Carl Klingemann (London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, 1881), 79–80.Google Scholar
Mack, Michael, German Idealism and the Jew: The Inner Anti-Semitism of Philosophy and German Jewish Responses (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warner, Eric, ‘New Light on the Family of Felix Mendelssohn’, Hebrew Union College Annual 26 (1955), 543–65, esp. 555–6.Google Scholar
Endelman, Todd M., and Kushner, Tony (eds.), Disraeli’s Jewishness (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 2002).Google Scholar
Lewis, Donald M., The Origins of Christian Zionism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010).Google Scholar
O’Malley, Joseph, with Davis, Richard A. (ed. and trans.), Marx: Early Political Writings, Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 31–2, 34, 54, 55, 56. (The square-bracketed ‘[but]’ is part of the original.)Google Scholar
Leopold, David, ‘The Hegelian Antisemitism of Bruno Bauer’, History of European Ideas 25, no. 4 (1999), 179–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peled, Yoav, ‘From Theology to Sociology: Bruno Bauer and Karl Marx on the Question of Jewish Emancipation’, History of Political Thought 13 (1992), 463–85.Google Scholar
Stedman Jones, Gareth, Karl Marx: Greatness and Illusion (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wagner, Richard, Judaism in Music and Other Essays, trans. William Ashton Ellis (Lincoln, NE and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1995), 87–8.Google Scholar
Brener, Milton E., Richard Wagner and the Jews (Jefferson, NC and London: McFarland & Co., 2006).Google Scholar
HaCohen, Ruth, The Music Libel against the Jews (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2011).Google Scholar
Katz, Jacob, The Darker Side of Genius: Richard Wagner’s Anti-Semitism (Hanover, NH and London: University Press of New England for Brandeis University Press, 1986).Google Scholar
Weiner, Marc A., Richard Wagner and the Anti-Semitic Imagination (Lincoln, NE and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1997).Google Scholar
Eliot, George, Daniel Deronda (London: William Blackwood and Sons, 1876), 291–2, 314–17.Google Scholar
Cheyette, Bryan, Constructions of ‘the Jew’ in English Literature and Society: Racial Representations, 1875–1945 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 13–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Himmelfarb, Gertrude, The Jewish Odyssey of George Eliot (New York: Encounter Books, 2009).Google Scholar
Shalvi, Alice, Daniel Deronda: A Centenary Symposium (Jerusalem: Jerusalem Academic Press, 1976).Google Scholar
Bernauer, James, and Maryks, Robert A. (eds.), ‘The Tragic Couple’: Encounters between Jews and Jesuits (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dundes, Alan (ed.), The Blood Libel Legend: A Casebook in Anti-Semitic Folklore (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991).Google Scholar
Soloviev, Vladimir S., Freedom, Faith, and Dogma: Essays by V. S. Soloviev on Christianity and Judaism, ed. and trans. Vladimir Wozniuk (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2008), 47–9. (Square-bracketed references are part of the original.)Google Scholar
Halperin, Jean, ‘Vladimir Soloviev Listens to Israel: The Christian Question’, Immanuel: Orthodox Christians and Jews on Continuity and Renewal 26 (1994), 198–210.Google Scholar
Kornblatt Deutsch, Judith, ‘Vladimir Solov’ev on Spiritual Nationhood, Russia and the Jews’, Russian Review 56 (April 1997), 157–77.Google Scholar
Rubin, Dominic, Holy Russia, Sacred Israel: Jewish–Christian Encounters in Russian Religious Thought (Boston: Academic Studies Press, 2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solovyov, Vladimir, The Burning Bush: Writings on Jews and Judaism, ed., trans. and with commentary by Glazov, Gregory (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graetz, Heinrich, ‘Judaism and Biblical Criticism’, The Jewish Chronicle (5 August 1887), 9.Google Scholar
Barton, John, ‘Jewish and Christian Approaches to Biblical Theology’, in Bakker, Arjen F., Bloch, René, Fisch, Yael, Fredriksen, Paula, and Najman, Hindy (eds.), Protestant Bible Scholarship: Anti-Semitism, Philo-Semitism and Anti-Judaism (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2022), 200–16.Google Scholar
Brenner, Michael, ‘Between Religion and Nation: Graetz and His Construction of Jewish History’, in Prophets of the Past: Interpreters of Jewish History, trans. Steven Rendall (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010), 53–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graetz, Heinrich, The Structure of Jewish History, and Other Essays, ed., trans. and intro. Schorsch, Ismar (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1975).Google Scholar
Harnack, Adolf von, What Is Christianity?, trans. Thomas B. Saunders (London: Williams and Norgate, 1901), 47–9. (Originally published as Das Wesen des Christentums, 1899.)Google Scholar
Edwards, Laurence, ‘Christian Wiese. Challenging Colonial Discourse: Jewish Studies and Protestant Theology in Wilhelmine Germany’, Studies in Christian–Jewish Relations 2, no. 2 (2008), https://doi.org/10.6017/scjr.v2i2.1437.Google Scholar
Kinzig, Wolfram, Harnack, Marcion und das Judentum: nebst einer kommentierten Edition des Briefwechsels Adolf von Harnacks mit Houston Stewart Chamberlain/Wolfram Kinzig (Leipzig: Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, 2004).Google Scholar
Taylor, Miriam, Anti-Judaism and Early Christian Identity: A Critique of the Scholarly Consensus (Leiden: Brill, 1995).Google Scholar
Creagh, John, ‘Jewish Trading, Its Growth in Limerick, Address to the Confraternity’, Munster News (13 January 1904). Quoted in Keogh, Dermot and McCarthy, Andrew, Limerick Boycott 1904: Anti-Semitism in Ireland (Cork: Mercier Press, 2005), 35–6.Google Scholar
Beatty, Aidan, and O’Brien, Dan (eds.), Irish Questions and Jewish Questions: Crossovers in Culture (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keogh, Dermot, Jews in Twentieth-Century Ireland: Refugees, Anti-Semitism and the Holocaust (Cork: Cork University Press, 1998).Google Scholar
Keogh, Dermot, and McCarthy, Andrew, Limerick Boycott 1904: Anti-Semitism in Ireland (Douglas Village, Cork: Mercier Press, 2005).Google Scholar
Oakley Kessler, Patricia, ‘Jews as a Threat to Irish Society? Economic Antisemitism and the Stereotype of the “Economic Jew”’, in Gannon, Seán W., and Wynn, Natalie (eds.), The Limerick Boycott in Context (Berlin: Peter Lang, in press, expected 2024).Google Scholar
Herzl, Theodor, The Complete Diaries of Theodor Herzl, vol. 4, ed. Patai, Raphael, trans. Harry Zohn (New York and London: The Herzl Press, Thomas Yoseloff, 1960), 1601–5. (Square-bracketed words are part of the original. The Italian of the second paragraph is omitted in favour of the English translation, which is also part of the original.)Google Scholar
Black, Ian, Enemies and Neighbours: Arabs and Jews in Palestine and Israel, 1917–2017 (London: Allen Lane, 2017).Google Scholar
Merkley, Paul C., The Politics of Christian Zionism 1891–1948 (London: Frank Cass, 1998).Google Scholar
Baeck, Leo, The Essence of Judaism, trans. Victor Grubwieser and Leonard Pearl (London: Macmillan, 1936), 269–73, 280–1. (Originally published as Das Wesen des Judentums, 1905.) Reproduced courtesy of James N. Dreyfus and family, the descendants of Rabbi Leo Baeck.Google Scholar
Homolka, Walter, Jewish Identity in Modern Times: Leo Baeck and German Protestantism (New York: Berghahn, 1995).Google Scholar
Rothschild, Fritz A., Jewish Perspectives on Christianity: Leo Baeck, Martin Buber, Franz Rosenzweig, Will Herberg, and Abraham J. Heschel (New York: Continuum, 1996).Google Scholar
Montefiore, Claude G., The Synoptic Gospels, vol. 1, 2nd ed. (London: Macmillan, 1927), xxiv–xxvi. (First edition published 1909.)Google Scholar
Diamond, Bryan, Claude Montefiore: Jewish Scholar, Communal Leader, Philanthropist (self-published, 2024).Google Scholar
Kessler, Edward, An English Jew: The Life and Writings of Claude Montefiore (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 1989).Google Scholar
Langton, Daniel, Claude Montefiore: His Life and Thought (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 2002).Google Scholar
World Missionary Conference, Carrying the Gospel to All the Non-Christian World (Edinburgh: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1910), 276–8.Google Scholar
Stanley, Brian, The World Missionary Conference, Edinburgh 1910 (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2009).Google Scholar
Beilis, Jay, Garber, Jeremy S., and Stein, Mark A. (eds.), Blood Libel: The Life and Memory of Mendel Beilis (Chicago: Beilis Publishing, 2011).Google Scholar
Lindemann, Albert S., The Jew Accused: Three Anti-Semitic Affairs (Dreyfus, Beilis, Frank), 1894–1915 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993).Google Scholar
Weinberg, Robert, Blood Libel in Late Imperial Russia: The Ritual Murder Trial of Mendel Beilis (Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2014).Google Scholar