Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of maps
- Acknowledgments
- Preface to the second edition
- Maps
- Introduction
- 1 In the beginning
- 2 Islam, the West and the rest
- 3 Orientalism and empire
- 4 The American century
- 5 Turmoil in the field
- 6 Said's Orientalism: a book and its aftermath
- 7 After Orientalism?
- Afterword
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Index
- References
Notes
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of maps
- Acknowledgments
- Preface to the second edition
- Maps
- Introduction
- 1 In the beginning
- 2 Islam, the West and the rest
- 3 Orientalism and empire
- 4 The American century
- 5 Turmoil in the field
- 6 Said's Orientalism: a book and its aftermath
- 7 After Orientalism?
- Afterword
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Index
- References
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Contending Visions of the Middle EastThe History and Politics of Orientalism, pp. 279 - 300Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2009
References
, That Noble Dream: The Objectivity Question and the American Historical Profession (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, ed., Ideology in Social Science: Readings in Critical Social Theory (New York: Pantheon Books, 1972)
, Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization, 2 vols. (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1987, 1991)Google Scholar
and , eds., Black Athena Revisited (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996)
, ed., Black Athena Writes Back: Martin Bernal Responds to his Critics (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2001)
, The Orientalizing Revolution: Near Eastern Influence on Greek Culture in the Early Archaic Age (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992)Google Scholar
and , The Myth of Continents: A Critique of Metageography (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), pp. 23, 214Google Scholar
, Europe: The Emergence of an Idea (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1957), pp. 1–6Google Scholar
, Western Republicanism and the Oriental Prince (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1992)Google Scholar
, “The Sons of Noah and the Construction of Ethnic and Geographical Identities in the Medieval and Early Modern Periods,” William and Mary Quarterly 54 (1997): 105–142CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asia in the Making of Europe, I: The Century of Discovery (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965)
, Seeing Islam as Others Saw It: A Survey and Evaluation of Christian, Jewish and Zoroastrian Writings on Early Islam (Princeton: The Darwin Press, 1997), p. 23Google Scholar
, Islam and the West: The Making of an Image (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1960)Google Scholar
, Western Views of Islam in the Middle Ages (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1962)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
The Arabs and Medieval Europe (London: Longman, 1975)
, Saracens: Islam in the Medieval European Imagination (New York: Columbia University Press, 2002)Google Scholar
, Europe and the Mystique of Islam, trans. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1987; first published in French in 1980), 6Google Scholar
, The Matter of Araby in Medieval England (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977), p. 249Google Scholar
, The Arabic Role in Medieval Literary History: A Forgotten Heritage (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1987), pp. xii–xiii, 1–2Google Scholar
and , eds., The Arab Influence in Medieval Europe (Reading: Ithaca Press, 1994)
and , eds., Western Views of Islam in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: Perception of Other (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999)
, Islam and the West: The Making of an Image (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1960), p. 307Google Scholar
, Europe and the Middle East (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980), p. 26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
The Turkish Letters of Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, trans. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1927), pp. 59–61
, The Birth of the Despot: Venice and the Sublime Porte, trans. (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1993), p. 64Google Scholar
, Before European Hegemony: The World System, A.D.1250–1350 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989)Google Scholar
, Asia and the Making of Europe, I: The Century of Discovery (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965), p. xiiGoogle Scholar
, The Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why Some Are So Rich and Some So Poor (New York: W. W. Norton, 1998)Google Scholar
, “The Price Revolution in the Ottoman Empire Reconsidered,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 33 (2001): 68–89Google Scholar
, The Colonizer's Model of the World: Geographical Diffusionism and Eurocentric Theory (New York: The Guilford Press, 1993)Google Scholar
, “On the Remaking of History: How to Reinvent the Past,” in Remaking History, ed. and (Seattle: Bay Press, 1989), pp. 111–129Google Scholar
, Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History (New York: Viking Penguin, 1985)Google Scholar
, “Rethinking Colonial Categories: European Communities and the Boundaries of Rule,” in Colonialism and Culture, ed. (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992)Google Scholar
and the Colonial Order of Things (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1995)
, French Modern: Norms and Forms of the Social Environment (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1989)Google Scholar
and , eds., Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997)CrossRef
, Women's Orients: English Women and the Middle East, 1718–1918 (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992), pp. 86–87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, The Oriental Renaissance: Europe's Rediscovery of India and the East, 1680–1880, trans. and (New York: Columbia University Press, 1984)Google Scholar
, Orientalism: History, Theory and the Arts (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1995)Google Scholar
, The Egyptian Revival: An Introductory Study of a Recurring Theme in the History of Taste (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1982)Google Scholar
, Europe and the Mystique of Islam, trans. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1987), p. 59Google Scholar
, Islam and the West: The Making of an Image (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1960), p. 36Google Scholar
, American Palestine: Melville, Twain and the Holy Land Mania (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999)Google Scholar
, The Landscape of Belief: Encountering the Holy Land in Nineteenth-Century American Art and Culture (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996)Google Scholar
, Women's Orients: English Women and the Middle East, 1718–1918 (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Images of Women: The Portrayal of Women in Photography of the Middle East 1860–1950 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1988)Google Scholar
, The Rising Tide of Color Against White World-Supremacy (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1921), pp. 299–300Google Scholar
, Race, Culture, and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology (New York: The Free Press, 1968)Google Scholar
Victorian Anthropology (New York: The Free Press, 1987)
, Retreat of Scientific Racism: Changing Concepts of Race in Britain and the United States between the World Wars (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992)Google Scholar
, The Poetry of the Celtic Races, and Other Studies, trans. (Port Washington: Kennikat Press, 1970), pp. 84–108Google Scholar
, “Ignaz Goldziher on Ernest Renan: From Orientalist Philology to the Study of Islam,” in The Jewish Discovery of Islam: Studies in Honor of Bernard Lewis, ed. (Tel Aviv: The Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, 1999), pp. 137–180Google Scholar
, ed., An Islamic Response to Imperialism: Political and Religious Writings of Sayyid Jamal al-Din “al-Afghani” (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968)
, ed., The Marx–Engels Reader (New York: W. W. Norton, 1972), pp. 577–588
, ed., Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: Basic Writings on Politics and Philosophy (Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1959), p. 451
and , eds., Russia's Orient: Imperial Borderlands and Peoples, 1700–1917 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997)
, “The Reproduction of Colonial Ideology: The Case of the Kabyle Berbers,” Arab Studies Quarterly 5 (1983): 380–395Google Scholar
, Imperial Identities: Stereotyping, Prejudice and Race in Colonial Algeria (London: I. B. Tauris, 1995)Google Scholar
, “Colonial Scholarship and Muslim Revivalism in 1900,” Arab Studies Quarterly 4 (1982): 1–16Google Scholar
“The Government of Subject Races,” Edinburgh Review 207 (1908): 1–27
, The Lords of Human Kind: European Attitudes to Other Cultures in the Imperial Age (London: Serif, 1995; first published 1969), p. 29Google Scholar
, The Middle Eastern Question; or, Some Political Problems of Indian Defence (London: J. Murray, 1903), p. 5Google Scholar
, Europe and the Mystique of Islam, trans. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1987), p. 69Google Scholar
: “His erudition was fantastic, but I had never heard anything resembling the sounds that issued from his throat when he spoke Arabic – which means that I had never met an orientalist. I cannot say that I was wildly excited by the course (especially since he omitted all the juicy bits [of the Arabic texts they read] saying, ‘That is not a nice passage’)…” In Paths to the Middle East: Ten Scholars Look Back, ed. (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993), p. 144Google Scholar
, Puritans in Babylon: the Ancient Near East and American Intellectual Life, 1880–1930 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996)Google Scholar
“Problems of Modern Middle Eastern History,” Report on Current Research (Washington, DC: Middle East Institute, Spring 1956)
, The Government of the Ottoman Empire in the Time of Suleiman the Magnificent (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1913; reprinted 1978), p. 9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Europe and the Middle East (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980)
, “Sir Hamilton Gibb Between Orientalism and History,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 6 (1975): 131–139CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , Islamic Society and the West: A Study of the Impact of Western Civilization on Moslem Culture in the Near East, vol. I, parts 1–2 (London: Oxford University Press, 1950, 1957), pp. 44–45Google Scholar
, The Fateful Triangle: The United States, Israel and the Palestinians (Boston: South End Press, 1983), p. 17Google Scholar
, America's Confrontation with Revolutionary Change in the Middle East, 1948–83 (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1986), p. 3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Managing Political Change: Social Scientists and the Third World (Boulder: Westview Press, 1985), p. 27Google Scholar
, The Game of Nations: the Amorality of Power Politics (London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1969)Google Scholar
, Syria and the United States: Eisenhower's Cold War in the Middle East (Boulder: Westview Press, 1992)Google Scholar
, Notes from the Minefield: United States Intervention in Lebanon and the Middle East, 1945–1958 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997)Google Scholar
, From Arab Nationalism to OPEC: Eisenhower, King Sa‘ud, and the Making of US–Saudi Relations (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002)Google Scholar
, American Orientalism: the United States and the Middle East since 1945 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002)Google Scholar
, The CIA: A Forgotten History – US Global Interventions since World War 2 (London: Zed Books, 1986)Google Scholar
, US Foreign Policy and the Shah: Building a Client State in Iran (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1991)Google Scholar
Countercoup: The Struggle for the Control of Iran (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1979)
, Area Studies: With Special Reference to their Implications for Research in the Social Sciences (New York: Social Science Research Council, 1947), p. 84Google Scholar
, International Studies and Academic Enterprise: A Chapter in the Enclosure of American Learning (New York: Columbia University Press, 1984), pp. 114–115Google Scholar
, “Boundary Displacement: Area Studies and International Studies During and After the Cold War,” in Universities and Empire: Money and Politics in the Social Sciences During the Cold War, ed. (New York: The New Press, 1998), p. 163Google Scholar
, Social Science Research Council, 1923–1998 (New York: Social Science Research Council, 2001)Google Scholar
, “The Unintended Consequences of Cold War Area Studies,” in The Cold War and the University: Toward an Intellectual History of the Postwar Years, ed. (New York: The New Press, 1997), p. 205Google Scholar
, ed., Approaches to the History of the Middle East: Interviews with Leading Middle East Historians (Reading: Ithaca Press, 1994)
, “Islamic Concepts of Revolution,” in Revolution in the Middle East and Other Case Studies, ed. (London: Allen and Unwin, 1972)Google Scholar
, ‘The Venture of Islam,’” International Journal of Middle East Studies 10 (1979): 241–264Google Scholar
, The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the Middle East (New York: The Free Press, 1958), p. 50Google Scholar
, Egypt in Search of Political Community: an Analysis of the Intellectual and Political Evolution of Egypt, 1804–1952 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1961)Google Scholar
, The Politics of Social Change in the Middle East and North Africa (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1963)Google Scholar
“Apology for Orientalism,” Diogenes 50 (1965): 128–136
“English-Speaking Orientalists,” Islamic Quarterly 8 (1964): 25–45
, ed., Approaches to the History of the Middle East: Interviews with Leading Middle East Historians (Reading: Ithaca Press, 1994)
, Cult, Ghetto, and State: The Persistence of the Jewish Question (London: Al Saqi Books, 1983)Google Scholar
Re-Reading the Postwar Period: An Intellectual Itinerary, trans. (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1994)
, The Crisis of the Arab Intellectual: Traditionalism or Historicism, trans. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976)Google Scholar
“A Vision of History: an Examination of Professor Toynbee's Ideas,” in , A Vision of History: Near Eastern and Other Essays (Lebanon: Khayat, 1961)Google Scholar
“Islam as a Historical Problem in European Historiography,” in Historians of the Middle East, ed. and (London: Oxford University Press, 1962)
Islam in European Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991)
“The Changing Face of the Fertile Crescent in the XVIIIth Century,” Studia Islamica 7 (1957)
“The Ottoman Background of the Modern Middle East,” in , The Emergence of the Modern Middle East (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“Ottoman Reform and the Politics of Notables,” in Beginnings of Modernization in the Middle East, ed. and (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1968)
, and , Dependence and Underdevelopment: Latin America's Political Economy (Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1972)Google Scholar
, “Modernization Theory and the Comparative Study of Societies: A Critical Perspective,” in Comparative Modernization, ed. (New York: The Free Press, 1976), pp. 62–88Google Scholar
's classic Accumulation on a World Scale: a Critique of the Theory of Underdevelopment, trans. (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1974)Google Scholar
, “The Origins of Capitalist Development: a Critique of Neo-Smithian Marxism,” New Left Review 104 (1977): 25–92Google Scholar
and , “Studying Development since the Sixties: the Emergence of a New Comparative Political Economy,” Theory and Society 17 (1988): 713–745CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “The End of Third Worldism in Egyptian Studies,” Arab Studies Journal 4 (1996): 13–33Google Scholar
., The Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World (Boston: Beacon Press, 1966), p. 486Google Scholar
Forbidden Agendas: Intolerance and Defiance in the Middle East (London: Al Saqi Books, 1984)
, “Studying Islamic History,” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 4 (1973): 287–298CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Two European Images of Non-European Rule,” in Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter, ed. (Amherst, NY: Humanity Books, 1973)Google Scholar
's Capitalism and Class in the Middle East: Theories of Social Change and Economic Development (London: Heinemann, 1984)Google Scholar
, “The Annales Historians,” in The Return of Grand Theory in the Human Science, ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985)Google Scholar
Arabia Without Sultans: A Political Survey of Instability in the Arab World (New York: Vintage Books/Randon House, 1975)
, A House Built on Sand: A Political Economy of Saudi Arabia (London: Ithaca Press, 1978)Google Scholar
“Why ASQ?,” Arab Studies Quarterly 1 (1979): 1
“The Roots of the Ulama's Power in Modern Iran,” in Scholars, Saints, and Sufis: Muslim Religious Institutions since 1500, ed. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972), p. 229
, and , eds., Islam, Politics, and Social Movements (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988)
“Area Studies: A Critical Reassessment,” in The Study of the Middle East: Research and Scholarship in the Humanities and the Social Sciences, ed. (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1976)
Guests of the Sheik (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1965)
, Women in Nineteenth-Century Egypt (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , eds., Women in Middle Eastern History: Shifting Boundaries in Sex and Gender (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991)
, The Old Social Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq: A Study of Iraq's Old Landed and Commercial Classes and of its Communists, Ba‘thists, and Free Officers (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978)Google Scholar
Beyond Eurocentrism: A New View of Modern World History (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1996)
and , eds., The Edward Said Reader (New York: Vintage, 2000)
Out of Place: A Memoir (New York: Knopf, 1999)
, “Orientalism and After: Ambivalence and Metropolitan Location in the Work of Edward Said,” InTheory: Classes, Nations, Literatures (London: Verso, 1992)Google Scholar
, ed., The Return of Grand Theory in the Human Sciences (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985)
, ed., Split Vision: The Portrayal of Arabs in the American Media (Washington, DC: The American–Arab Affairs Council, 1983)
, Epic Encounters: Culture, Media, and US Interests in the Middle East, 1945–2000 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001)Google Scholar
, American Orientalism: the United States and the Middle East since 1945 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002)Google Scholar
, Europe and the Mystique of Islam, trans. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1987), pp. 130–131Google Scholar
Middle Eastern Politics and Ideas: A History from Within, ed. and (London: I. B. Tauris, 1997)
, “On Orientalism,” The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth-Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988)Google Scholar
, “Orientalism Reconsidered,” in Europe and its Others, ed. , , and , vol. I (Colchester: University of Essex, 1985)Google Scholar
, ed., Orientalism: A Reader (New York: New York University Press, 2000)
, “Intellectual History after the Linguistic Turn: The Autonomy of Meaning and the Irreducibility of Experience,” American Historical Review 92 (1987): 881–882CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Back and Beyond: Reversing the Cultural Turn?,” American Historical Review 107 (2002): 1476–1499CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Rethinking Chartism,” Languages of Class: Studies in English Working Class History, 1832–1982 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983)Google Scholar
, “‘Egypt at the Exhibition’: Reflections on the Optics of Colonialism,” Critique of Anthropology 11 (1991): 279–298CrossRefGoogle Scholar
's All the Pasha's Men: Mehmed Ali, his Army and the Making of Modern Egypt (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997)Google Scholar
Rule of Experts: Egypt, Techno-Politics, Modernity (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002)
and , eds., Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory: A Reader (New York: Columbia University Press, 1994), p. 5
Imagining India (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1990)
An Anthropologist among the Historians and Other Essays (Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1987)
, Liberalism and Empire: A Study in Nineteenth-Century British Liberal Thought (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999)Google Scholar
, Congregational Missions and the Making of an Imperial Culture in Nineteenth-Century England (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999)Google Scholar
, Race and the Education of Desire: Foucault's History of Sexuality and the Colonial Order of Things (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1995)Google Scholar
Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: Race and the Intimate in Colonial Rule (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002)
, eds., Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), pp. viii
, Women's Orients: English Women and the Middle East, 1718–1918 (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Critical Terrains: French and British Orientalisms (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1991)Google Scholar
and , eds., Domesticating the Empire: Race, Gender, and Family Life in French and Dutch Colonialism (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998)
, Postcolonial Theory: A Critical Introduction (New York: Columbia University Press, 1998), pp. viiiGoogle Scholar
, “Writing Post-Orientalist Histories of the Third World: Perspectives from Indian Historiography,” Comparative Studies in Society and History 32 (1990): 383–408CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, The Egypt of Nasser and Sadat: The Political Economy of Two Regimes (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , A Political Economy of the Middle East: State, Class, and Economic Development (Boulder: Westview Press, 1990)Google Scholar
and , Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory: A Critique of Applications in Political Science (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996)Google Scholar
and , eds., Rational Choice Theory: Resisting Colonization (London: Routledge, 2000)
and , eds., Political Islam (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997)
, After Jihad: America and the Struggle for Islamic Democracy (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2003)Google Scholar
, ed., Civil Society in the Middle East, 2 vols. (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1994, 1995)
, ed., Toward Civil Society in the Middle East? A Primer (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1995)
, ed., The Civil Society Debate in Middle Eastern Studies (Los Angeles: UCLA Near East Center, c. 1996)Google Scholar
, “Is Terrorism a Useful Term for Understanding the Middle East and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict?,” Radical History Review 85 (2003): 12–23CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, The Terror Network: The Secret War of International Terrorism (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1981)Google Scholar
, The Real Terror Network: Terrorism in Fact and Propaganda (Boston: South End Press, 1982)Google Scholar
, ed., Terrorism: How the West Can Win (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1986)
, Islam and the Myth of Confrontation: Religion and Politics in the Middle East (London: I. B. Tauris, 1996)Google Scholar
Two Hours that Shook the World – September 11, 2001: Causes and Consequences (London: Saqi, 2002)
The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996)
, “The Clash of Civilizations: An Islamicist's Critique,” Harvard Middle Eastern and Islamic Review 2 (1996): 1–26Google Scholar
, ed., Theory, Politics and the Arab World: Critical Responses (New York: Routledge, 1990)
, Rediscovering Palestine: Merchants and Peasants in Jabal Nablus, 1700–1900 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995)Google Scholar
, State and Provincial Society in the Ottoman Empire: Mosul, 1540–1834 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997)Google Scholar
, “An Ancien Régime Revisited: ‘Privatization’ and Political Economy in the Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Empire,” Politics & Society 21 (1993): 393–423CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Saudi Arabia: The Ceaseless Request for Security (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985)Google Scholar
, “Think Tanks and US Foreign Policy: An Historical Perspective,” in US Foreign Policy Agenda (the “Electronic Journal of the US Department of State”), November 2002Google Scholar
, American Jewish Organizations and Israel (Washington, DC: Institute of Palestine Studies, 1986)Google Scholar
, The Lobby: Jewish Political Power and American Foreign Policy (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1987)Google Scholar
, “‘Free People Will Set the Course of History’: Intellectuals, Democracy and American Empire,” Middle East Report Online (March 2003)Google Scholar
, Faithlines: Muslim Conceptions of Islam and Society (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002)Google Scholar
, “Critics Accuse Turkish Government of Manipulating Scholarship,” Chronicle of Higher Education, October 27, 1995Google Scholar
, and , “Professional Ethics and the Denial of Armenian Genocide,” Holocaust and Genocide Studies 9 (1995): 1–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “‘My Beautiful Old House’ and Other Fabrications by Edward Said,” Commentary (September 1999): 23–31Google Scholar
, “Oil Wealth and Islamic Resurgence,” in Islamic Resurgence in the Arab World, ed. (New York: Praeger, 1982)Google Scholar
, Ivory Towers on Sand: The Failure of Middle Eastern Studies in America (Washington, DC: Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2001)Google Scholar
, Israeli Arabism: the Latest Incarnation of Orientalism (Washington, DC: International Center for Research and Public Policy, 1986)Google Scholar
, The Disenchantment of the Orient: Expertise in Arab Affairs and the Israeli State (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006)Google Scholar
, “Why Are Arch-Conservatives Ganging Up on the Middle East Studies Association?,” History News Network, January 20, 2003Google Scholar
, “Why Are Arch-Conservatives Ganging Up on the Middle East Studies Association?,” History News Network, January 20, 2003Google Scholar