We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2014
Historical Hungary was over. After the ‘long nineteenth century’, it entered a Europe forged by the victors, a small, defeated country of less than 8 million inhabitants. Even before the Treaty of Trianon (signed 4 June 1920) had set out the peace conditions, Hungary had lost more or less two thirds of its territories and three fifths of its inhabitants. As soon as the monarchy collapsed, successor states occupied the most coveted parts of the kingdom: to the north, Upper Hungary was claimed by the Slovaks and Czechs; to the south, Serbs joined with Croats and Slovenians and created a common kingdom; to the east, Transylvanian Romanians opted to join Romania. Charles of Habsburg abdicated and the declaration of the Republic of Austria sealed the end of Austria–Hungary. From now on, Hungary had to face alone its neighbours as well as the eastern army of the Entente – which had already defeated the Bulgarians and was advancing from Salonika to its southern borders.
POST-WAR CONVULSIONS
Under attack on all sides, the country underwent a year of torment. We must return to the last days of October in order to describe the internal situation.
On 25 October 1918, three opposition parties – the Radicals, the Social Democrats and Count Mihály Károlyi's Independence Party – created a National Council. On 30 October, the latter was swept to power in a joyful revolution, by crowds of soldiers, men and women wearing asters in their button holes. Count Károlyi formed a coalition government with the approval of the king's representative, Archduke Joseph.
To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.
Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.
Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.
To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.
To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.
