4 - Deducing Climate

Summary

The Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) is a pioneering institution in the field of climate modeling. Its founding director, Joseph Smagorinsky, was a member of the Princeton Meteorology Group. He hired a Japanese scientist, Syukuro Manabe, who formulated a one-dimensional model of climate, known as the radiative–convective model, that was able to calculate the amplifying climate feedback due to water vapor. This model provided one of the first reliable estimates of global warming. Manabe worked with other scientists to build three-dimensional climate models, including the first model that coupled an atmospheric model to an ocean model. The concepts of reductionism and emergentism, which provide the philosophical context for these scientific developments, are introduced.