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13 - Xinglonggou, China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2015

By
Xinyi Liu ,
Zhijun Zhao  and
Guoxiang Liu
Edited by
Graeme Barker  and
Candice Goucher
Graeme Barker
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Candice Goucher
Affiliation:
Washington State University
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Summary

Holocene climatic optimum, as the warm and wet conditions of monsoonal China enabled settlements to flourish. Drawing on typological lineages of ceramics, archaeologists group the early Neolithic sites into a number of types of material culture. A flotation programme at Xinglonggou I yielded more than 1,500 charred grains of broomcorn millet, together with about 20 grains of foxtail millet. Stable isotopic analysis has revealed that early Neolithic humans living at Xinglonggou I consumed millet as their staple food. This chapter considers five distinct aspects of Xinglonggou Neolithic lives in association with millet agriculture, landscape, material culture, settlement, production and consumption. The three localities of Xinglonggou are all on the left bank of the Mangniu River to the north of the Qilaotu mountains. Chinese ceramic vessels are simple in form and dominated by the bucket-shaped pot. Many pit structures contained human burials, a feature known from other Xinglongwa cultural sites, such as Xinglongwa, Baiyinchanghan and Chahai.

Keywords

bioarchaeologyhunter-gatherersagricultural diet
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge World History , pp. 335 - 352
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

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References

Further reading

Flad, R. ‘Xinglongwa jades and genesis of value in northeast China.’ In Deng, C. and Liu, G. (eds.), The Origins of Chinese Jade Culture: Xinglongwa Jades Research and Catalogue. Chinese University of Hong Kong Press, 2008. 224–34.Google Scholar
Hanks, B.K. and Linduff, K. (eds.). Social Complexity in Prehistoric Eurasia. Cambridge University Press, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, X. Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, L. The Chinese Neolithic: Trajectories to Early States. Cambridge University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Liu, L. and Chen, X.. The Archaeology of China: From the Late Paleolithic to the Early Bronze Age. Cambridge University Press, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, X., Hunt, H.V., and Jones, M.K.. ‘River valleys and foothills: changing archaeological perceptions of North China’s earliest farms.’ Antiquity, 83 (2009), 82–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, X., Jones, M.K., Zhao, Z., Liu, G., and O’Connell, T.C.. ‘The earliest evidence of millet as a staple crop: new light on Neolithic foodways in North China.’ American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 149 (2012), 238–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, C.E. and Shelach, G.. ‘Jiangzhai: social and economic organization of a middle Neolithic Chinese village.’ Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 31 (2012), 265–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shelach, G. ‘Economic adaptation, community structure, and sharing strategies of households at early sedentary communities in northeast China.’ Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 25 (2006), 318–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, H., Liu, G., and Deng, C.. The Origin of Jades in East Asia: Jades of the Xinglongwa Culture. Centre for Chinese Archaeology and Art, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007.Google Scholar
Zhao, Z. ‘New archaeobotanic data for the study of the origins of agriculture in China.’ Current Anthropology, 52, Supplement 4 (2011), S295–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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