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5 - Afro-Hispanic American literature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

By
Vera M. Kutzinski
Edited by
Roberto Gonzalez Echevarría  and
Enrique Pupo-Walker
Roberto Gonzalez Echevarría
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
Enrique Pupo-Walker
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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Summary

That the 1970s should have been the decade to inaugurate the field of Afro-Hispanic (American) studies is scarcely surprising: the Civil Rights and Black Power movements in the United States had prepared the ground for the founding of numerous Afro-American studies programs while the Boom of the Latin American novel - sponsored largely by the United States’ aggressive investment in Latin American culture aimed at defusing the political threat of a post-revolutionary Cuba - continued to draw international attention to Latin America’s literary production. This, in turn, provided publishing outlets and markets for many poets and novelists of African descent, whose work received special attention and support from newly founded organizations, such as the Afro-Ecuadorian Studies Center in Quito (1979), the Center for the Study of Black Culture in Bogotá (1977), and the Afro-Hispanic Institute at Howard University in Washington, D.C. (1981). Like their predecessors, the Institute for Afro-American Studies in Mexico (1945) and the Society for Afro-Cuban Studies Against Racism in Cuba (1936), these and other institutes also launched new journals: Cuadernos Afro-Americanos (Caracas, 1975), Negritud (Bogotá, 1977), Studies in Afro-Hispanic Literature (Purchase, New York, 1977), and the Afro-Hispanic Review (Washington, D.C, 1982, now located in Columbia, Missouri). Conferences were organized, most notably the Colloque Négritude et Amérique Latine (University of Dakar, Senegal, 1974), the Primer Congreso del Negro Panameño (1981), and several Congresos de la Cultura Negra de las Américas (Colombia, 1977; Panama, 1980; Brazil, 1982).

A number of publishing houses, among them Casa de las Américas, Ediciones Universal, and Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, started to reprint “classic” twentieth-century Afro-Hispanic texts, such as Adalberto Ortiz’s Juyungo (1968); Arnoldo Palacios’s Las estrellas son negras (1971); Juan Pablo Sojo’s Nochebuena negra (1972); Sofía (1972) and La familia Unzúazu (1975) by Martín Morúa Delgado (1856-1910); Autobiografía de un esclavo (1975) by Juan Francisco Manzano; Nicolás Guillén’s Motivos de son (1980); Marcelino Arozarena’s Canción negra sin color (1983); Regino Pedrozo’s Poesías (1984); and the complete works of Alejo Carpentier, the first volume of which includes all of his “Afro-Cuban” texts.

Type
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Information
The Cambridge History of Latin American Literature , pp. 164 - 194
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1996

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