Domains of Linguistic Typology

Ahn, Mee-Jin. 2000. Phonetic and functional bases of syllable weight for stress assignment. PhD dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2002. Typological parameters for the study of clitics, with special reference to Tariana. In Dixon, and Aikhenvald, (eds.), pp. 42–78.Google Scholar

Altmann, Heidi and Kabak, Baris. 2011. Second language phonology. In Kula, et al. (eds.), pp. 298–319.Google Scholar

Anderson, John M. and Ewen, Colin J.. 1987. Principles of dependency phonology. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Archangeli, Diana and Pulleyblank, Douglas 1994. Grounded phonology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Auer, Peter. 1993. Is a rhythm-based typology possible? A study of the role of prosody in phonological typology. KontRI Working paper no. 21. Freiburg.Google Scholar

Bagemihl, Bruce. 1988. Alternate phonologies and morphologies. PhD dissertation, University of British Columbia.Google Scholar

Beckman, M. E., Hirschberg, J. and Shattuck-Hufnagel, S.. 2005. The original ToBI system and the evolution of the ToBI framework. In Jun, (ed.), pp. 9–54.Google Scholar

Bickel, Balthasar, Hildebrandt, Kristine A. and Schiering, René. 2009. The distribution of phonological word domains: A probabilistic typology. In Grijzenhout, and Kabak, (eds.), pp. 47–78.Google Scholar

Blevins, Juliette. 1995. The syllable in phonological theory. In Goldsmith, (ed.), pp. 206–44.Google Scholar

Blevins, Juliette. 2004. Evolutionary phonology: The emergence of sound patterns. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Bolinger, Dwight. 1978. Intonation across languages. In Greenberg, et al. (eds.), pp. 471–524.Google Scholar

Bresnan, Joan. 2007. A few lessons from typology. Linguistic Typology 11: 297–306.Google Scholar

Broecke, M. P. R.. 1976. Hierarchies and rank orders in distinctive features. Assen and Amsterdam: van Gorcum.Google Scholar

Butskhrikidze, Marika. 2002. The consonant phonotactics of Georgian. HIL/LOT dissertation. The Hague: Holland Academic Graphic.Google Scholar

Caro Reina, Javier and Szczepaniak, Renata (eds.). 2014. Syllable and word languages. Berlin: Mouton de GruyterGoogle Scholar

Casali, Roderic F. 2003. [ATR] value asymmetries and underlying vowel inventory structure in Niger-Congo and Nilo-Saharan. Linguistic Typology 7: 307–82.Google Scholar

Casali, Roderic F. 2007. ATR harmony in African languages. Language and Linguistics Compass 2(3): 496–549.Google Scholar

Chomsky, Noam and Halle, Morris. 1968. The sound pattern of English. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar

Clements, G. N. 1985. The geometry of phonological features. Phonology Yearbook 2: 225–52.Google Scholar

Clements, G. N. 1990. The role of the sonority cycle in core syllabification. In Kingston, J. and Beckman, M. (eds.), Papers in laboratory phonology I: Between the grammar and physics of speech, pp. 283–333. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Clements, G. N. 2009. The role of features in speech sound inventories. In Raimy, Eric and Cairns, Charles (eds.), Contemporary views on architecture and representations in phonological theory, pp. 19–68. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Coetsem, Frans. 1996. Towards a typology of lexical accent: Stress accent and pitch accent in a renewed perspective. Heidelberg: Carl Winter.Google Scholar

Crothers, J. 1978. Typology and universals of vowel systems. In Greenberg, et al. (eds.), pp. 93–152.Google Scholar

Dauer, R. 1983. Stress-timing and syllable-timing reanalyzed. Journal of Phonetics 11: 51–62.Google Scholar

de Lacy, Paul. 2002. The interaction of tone and stress in Optimality Theory. Phonology 19: 1–32.Google Scholar

de Lacy, Paul. (ed.). 2007. The Cambridge handbook of phonology. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dingemanse, Mark. 2012. Advances in the cross-linguistic study of ideophones. Language and Linguistics Compass 6(10): 654–72.Google Scholar

Dinnsen, Daniel and O’Connor, Kathleen M.. 2001. Typological predictions in developmental phonology. Journal of Child Language 28: 597–628.Google Scholar

Dinnsen, Daniel A. and Gierut, Judith A. (eds.). 2008. Optimality Theory: Phonological acquisition and disorders. London: Equinox.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 2010. Basic linguistic theory, Vol. II: Grammatical topics. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. (eds.). 2002a. Word. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2002b. Word: A typological framework. In Dixon, and Aikhenvald, (eds.), pp. 1–41.Google Scholar

Donegan, P. J. and Stampe, D.. 1983. Rhythm and the holistic organization of language structure. In Chicago Linguistic Society 19: Papers from the parasession on the interplay of phonology, morphology, and syntax, pp. 337–53. Chicago Linguistic Society.Google Scholar

Donohue, M. 1997. Tone systems in New Guinea. Linguistic Typology 1: 347–86.Google Scholar

Dresher, B. Elan. 2009. The contrastive hierarchy in phonology. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dressler, Wolfgang. 1985. The dynamics of derivation. Ann Arbor, MI: Karoma Publishers, Inc.Google Scholar

Edmonson, J. A., Bateman, J. and Miehle, H.. 1992. Tone contours and tone clusters in Iau. Berkeley Linguistics Society 18: 92–103.Google Scholar

Flack, Kathryn. 2009. Constraints on onsets and codas of words and phrases. Phonology 26: 269–302.Google Scholar

Fox, Anthony. 1985. Aspects of prosodic typology. Working Papers in Linguistics and Phonetics University of Leeds 3: 60–119.Google Scholar

Fox, Anthony. 1995. Principles of intonational typology. In Lewis, Jack Windsor (ed.), Studies in general and English phonetics: Essays in honour of Professor J. D. O’Connor, pp. 187–210. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Fox, Anthony. 2000. Prosodic features and prosodic structure. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Frisch, Stefan A. and Wright, Richard. 2002. The phonetics of phonological speech errors: An acoustic analysis of slips of the tongue. Journal of Phonetics 30: 139–62.Google Scholar

Fromkin, Victoria A. (ed.). 1973. Speech errors as linguistic evidence. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar

Fróta, Sonia and Prieto, Pilar. 2015. Intonation in Romance. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Fudge, E. 1987. Branching structure within the syllable. Journal of Linguistics 23: 359–77.Google Scholar

Gil, D. 1986. A prosodic typology of language. Folia Linguistica 20: 165–231.Google Scholar

Goedemans, Rob. 2010. A typology of stress patterns. In van der Hulst, Harry, Goedemans, Rob and van Zanten, Ellen (eds.), A survey of word accentual systems in the language of the world, pp. 647–66. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Goedemans, Rob and van der Hulst, Harry. 2005a. Fixed stress locations. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 62–5.Google Scholar

Goedemans, Rob and van der Hulst, Harry. 2005b. Weight-sensitive stress. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 66–9.Google Scholar

Goedemans, Rob and van der Hulst, Harry. 2005c. Weight factors in weight-sensitive stress systems. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 70–3.Google Scholar

Goedemans, Rob and van der Hulst, Harry. 2005d. Rhythm types. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 74–7.Google Scholar

Goldsmith, J. (ed.). 1995. The handbook of phonological theory. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.Google Scholar

Goldsmith, J., Riggle, J. and Yu, A.. (eds.). 2011. The handbook of phonological theory, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.Google Scholar

Gordon, Matthew. 2001. A typology of contour tone restrictions. Studies in Language 25: 405–44.Google Scholar

Gordon, Matthew. 2007. Typology in optimality theory. Language and Linguistics Compass 1: 750–69.Google Scholar

Gordon, Matthew. 2014. Disentangling stress and pitch accent: Toward a typology of prominence at different prosodic levels. In van der Hulst, Harry (ed.), Word stress: Theoretical and typological issues, pp. 83–118. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Gordon, Matthew. 2016. Phonological typology: The cross-linguistic study of sound systems. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Gordon, Matthew and Applebaum, Ayla. 2006. Syllable weight: Phonetics, phonology, typology. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Greenberg, J. H. and Kashube, D.. 1976. Word prosodic systems: A preliminary report. Working Papers on Language Universals 20: 1–18.Google Scholar

Greenberg, Joseph, Ferguson, Charles and Moravcsik, Edith (eds.). 1978. Universals of human language, Vol. II: Phonology. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Grijzenhout, Janet and Kabak, Barış (eds.). 2009a. Phonological domains: Universals and deviations. Belin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Grijzenhout, Janet and Kabak, Barış 2009b. Prosodic phonology: An appraisal. In Grijzenhout, and Kabak, (eds.), pp. 1–14.Google Scholar

Gussenhoven, Carlos. 1984. Intonation: A whole autosegmental language. In van der Hulst, H. and Smith, N. (eds.), Advances in nonlinear phonology, pp. 117–32. Dordrecht: Foris Publications.Google Scholar

Gussenhoven, Carlos. 2004. The phonology of tone and intonation. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hall, Tracy A. 1999. The phonological word: A review. In Hall, and Kleinhenz, (eds.), pp. 1–22.Google Scholar

Hall, Tracy A. and Kleinhenz, Ursula (eds.). 1999. Studies on the phonological word. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Haspelmath, Martin, Dryer, Matthew, Gil, David and Comrie, Bernard (eds.). 2005. The world atlas of language structures. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Hauser, Ivy. 2012. Can consonants predict vowels? A typological study of the world’s languages. 2012 Surf Projects: Arts and Humanities. Available online at: www.unc.edu/depts/our/students/fellowship_supp/surf/2012/hauser12.pdf.Google Scholar

Hayes, Bruce. 1981. A metrical theory of stress rules. Cambridge, MA: Massachussetts Institute of Technology dissertation.Google Scholar

Hayes, Bruce. 1995. Metrical stress theory: Principles and case studies. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Hildebrandt, Kristine. 2015. Words as phonological units. In Taylor, John R. (ed.), The Oxford handbook of the word, pp. 221–45. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Hirst, Daniel and Di Cristo, Alberto (eds.). 1998a. Intonation systems. In Hirst, and Di Cristo, (eds.), pp. 1–44.Google Scholar

Hirst, Daniel and Di Cristo, Alberto (eds.). 1998b. Intonation systems: A survey of twenty languages. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hockett, Charles F. 1955. A manual of phonology. Baltimore: Waverly Press.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry. 1984. Syllable structure and stress in Dutch. Dordrect: Foris Publications.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry. 1996. Separating primary accent and secondary accent. In Goedemans, Rob, van der Hulst, Harry and Visch, Ellis (eds.), Stress patterns of the world, pp. 1–26. (HIL Publications 2). The Hague: Holland Academic Graphics.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry. 2000. Issues in foot typology. In Davenport, Michael and Hannahs, S. J. (eds.), Issues in phonological structure, pp. 95–127. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Also appeared in Toronto Working Papers in linguistics 16 (1997): 77–102.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry. 2009. Two phonologies. In Grijzenhout, and Kabak, (eds.), pp. 315–52.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry. 2011. Pitch Accent Systems. In van Oostendorp, et al. (eds.), Vol. II, pp. 1003–27.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry. 2014. Word stress: Past, present and future. In van der Hulst, H. G. (ed.), Word stress: Theoretical and typological issues, pp. 3–55. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry. 2016. Phonological systems. In Allen, Keith (ed.), The Routledge handbook of linguistics, pp. 83–103. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry. Forthcoming. Word accent: A representational account. Ms. University of Connecticut.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry and Ritter, Nancy (eds.). 1999. The syllable: Views and facts. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Hulst, Harry, Goedemans, Rob and van Zanten, E. (eds.). 2010. A survey of word accentual systems in the languages of the world. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Hyde, Brett. 2011. The Iambic-Trochaic Law. In van Oostendorp, et al. (eds.), Vol. II, pp. 1052–77.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry. 1977. On the nature of linguistic stress, in Hyman, Larry (ed.), USC studies in stress and accent. Los Angeles: USC Linguistics Department, 37–82.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry. 2001. Tone systems. In Haspelmath, Martin, König, Ekkehard, Oesterreicher, Wulf and Raible, Wolfgang (eds.), Language typology and language universals: An international Handbook, Vol. II, pp. 1367–80. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry. 2006. Word-prosodic typology. Phonology 23: 225–57.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry. 2007a. Where’s phonology in typology? Linguistic Typology 11: 265–71.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry. 2007b. How (not) to do phonological typology: The case of pitch-accent Language Sciences 31: 213–38.Google Scholar

Inkelas, Sharon. 2014. The interplay of morphology and phonology. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Jakobson, Roman, Fant, C. Gunnar M. and Halle, Morris. 1952. Preliminaries to speech analysis: The distinctive features and their correlates. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Jun, Sun-Ah (ed.). 2005. Prosodic typology: The phonology of intonation and phrasing. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Jun, Sun-Ah (ed.). 2014. Prosodic typology II: The phonology of intonation and phrasing. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Kager, René. 1999. Optimality Theory. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Kang, Yoonjung. 2011. Loanword phonology. In van Oostendorp, et al. (eds.), pp. 2258–82.Google Scholar

Kaun, Abigail. 1995. The typology of rounding harmony: An Optimality Theoretic approach. PhD dissertation, UCLA. Published as UCLA Dissertations in Linguistics, No. 8.Google Scholar

Kaye, J., Lowenstamm, J. and Vergnaud, J.-R.. 1985. The internal structure of phonological elements: A theory of charm and government. Phonology Yearbook 2: 305–28.Google Scholar

Kaye, Jonathan and Lowenstamm, Jean. 1984. De la syllabicité. In Dell, François, Hirst, Daniel and Vergnaud, Jean-Roger (eds.), La forme sonore du langage: Structure des représentations en phonologie, pp. 123–59. Paris: Hermann.Google Scholar

Keyser, Samuel J. and Stevens, Kenneth N.. 2001. Enhancement revisited. In Kenstowicz, Michael J. (ed.), Ken Hale: A life in language, pp. 271–91. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Kisseberth, C. 1970. On the functional unity of phonological rules. Linguistic Inquiry 1: 291–306.Google Scholar

Klein, T. B. 2011. The typology of creole phonology: Phoneme inventories and syllable templates. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Language 26 (1): 155–93. Also in Bhat, P. and Veenstra, T. (eds.), Creole languages and linguistic typology, pp. 207–44. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2013.Google Scholar

Kubozono, H. 2011. Japanese pitch accent. In van Oostendorp, et al. (eds.), Vol. V, pp. 2879–907.Google Scholar

Kula, Nancy, Botma, Bert and Nasukawa, Kuniya (eds.). 2011. Continuum companion to phonology. London: Continuum.Google Scholar

Kümmel, Martin. 2015. The role of typology in historical phonology. In Honeybone, Patrick and Salmons, Joseph (eds.). The Oxford handbook of historical phonology, Part II. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Ladd, D. R. 2009. Intonational Phonology, 2nd edn. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Ladefoged, Peter and Maddieson, Ian. 1996. The sounds of the world’s languages. Oxford and Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar

Lahiri, Aditi and Plank, Frans. 2010. Phonological phrasing in Germanic: The judgment of history, confirmed through experiment. Transactions of the Philological Society 108(3): 370–98.Google Scholar

Lass, R. 1984. Vowel system universals and typology: Prologue to theory. Phonology Yearbook 1: 75–111.Google Scholar

Leitch, Myles. 1996. Vowel harmonies of the Congo Basin: An optimality theory analysis of variation in the Bantu zone C. Vancouver: University of British Columbia dissertation.Google Scholar

Liljencrants, J., and Lindblom, B.. 1972. Numerical simulation of vowel quality systems: The role of perceptual contrast. Language 48(4): 839–62.Google Scholar

Lindblom, B. 1986. Phonetic universals in vowel systems. In Ohala, J. and Jaeger, J. (eds.), Experimental phonology, pp. 13–44. Orlando: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Lindblom, B. and Maddieson, I. 1988. Phonetic universals in consonant systems. In Hyman, L., and Li, C. (eds.), Language, speech and mind, pp. 62–79. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 1978. Universals of tone. In Greenberg, et al. (eds.), Vol. II, pp. 335–65.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 1984. Patterns of sounds. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 1997. Phonetic universals. In Hardcastle, William J. and Laver, John (eds.), The handbook of phonetic sciences, pp. 619–39. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2005a. Consonant inventories. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 10–13.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2005b. Vowel quality inventories. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 14–17.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2005c. Consonant-vowel ratio. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 18–21.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2005d. Front rounded vowels. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 50–3.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2005e. Uvular consonants. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 30–3.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2005f. Syllable structure. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 54–7.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2005g. Tone. In Haspelmath, et al. (eds.), pp. 58–61.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2007. Issues of phonological complexity: statistical analysis of the relationship between syllable structures, segment inventories, and tone contrasts. In Solé, Maria-Josep, Beddor, Patrice Speeter and Ohala, Manjari (eds.), Experimental Approaches to Phonology, pp. 93–103. New York: Oxford.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2011. Typology of phonological systems. In Song, Jae Jung (ed.), The Oxford handbook of linguistic typology, pp. 534–48. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Martinet, André. 1964. Elements of general linguistics. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Meir, Irit, Paddem, Carol, Aronoff, Mark and Sandler, Wendy. 2013. Competing iconicities in the structure of language. Cognitive linguistics 24(2): 309–43.Google Scholar

Mielke, Jeff. 2008. The emergence of distinctive features. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Milewski, Tadeusz. 1973. Introduction to the study of language. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar

Moravcsik, Edith A. 1978. Reduplicative constructions. In Greenberg, J. (ed.), Universals of human language, Vol. III: Word structure, pp. 297–334. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Moravcsik, Edith A. 2013. Introducing language typology. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Murray, Robert W. and Vennemann, Theo. 1983. Sound change and syllable structure in Germanic phonology. Language 59: 514–28.Google Scholar

Nespor, Marina and Vogel, Irene. 1986. Prosodic phonology. (Studies in Generative Grammar). Dordrecht, and Riverton, NJ: Foris.Google Scholar

Nespor, Marina, Shukla, Mohinish and Mehler, Jacques. 2011. Stress-timed vs. syllable timed languages. In van Oostendorp, et al. (eds.), Vol. II, pp. 1147–59.Google Scholar

Nevins, Andrew. 2011. Phonologically conditioned allomorphy selection. In van Oostendorp, et al. (eds.), pp. 2357–82.Google Scholar

Oostendorp, Marc, Ewen, Colin J., Hume, Elizabeth and Rice, Keren. (eds.). 2011. The Blackwell companion to phonology. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar

Paster, Mary. 2006. Phonological conditions on affixation. PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar

Peperkamp, Sharon. 1997. Prosodic words. The Hague: Holland Academics Graphics.Google Scholar

Perniss, Pamela, Thompson, Robin L. and Vigliocco, Gabriella. 2007. Iconicity as a general property of language: Evidence from spoken and signed languages. Frontiers in Psychology 1 (00227). Published online 31 December 2010. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00227.Google Scholar

Pike, Kenneth L. 1948. Tone languages. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar

Plank, F. 1998. The co-variation of phonology with morphology and syntax: A hopeful history. Linguistic Typology 2: 195–230.Google Scholar

Prince, Alan and Smolensky, Paul. 1993. Optimality theory: Constraint interaction in generative grammar. Ms. Rutgers University and University of Colorado at Boulder. Published in 2004, Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar

Pulgram, E. 1970. Syllable, word, nexus, cursus. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar

Riad, Tomas and Gussenhoven, Carlos (eds.). 2007. Typological studies in word and sentence prosody, 2 vols. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Rischel, Jorgen. 1978. Is there just one hierarchy of prosodic categories? In Dressler, W., Luschützky, H. C., Pfeiffer, O. E. and Rennison, J. R. (eds.), Phonologica 1984, pp. 253–9. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Roca, Iggy. 1986. Secondary stress and metrical rhythm. Phonology Yearbook 3: 341–70.Google Scholar

Sapir, Edward. 1925. Sound patterns in language. Language 1: 37–51.Google Scholar

Schmid, Stephan. 2012 Phonological typology, rhythm types and the phonetics–phonolgy interface: A methodological overview and three case studies on Italo-Romance dialects. In Ender, Andrea, Leemann, Adrian and Wälchli, Bernhard (eds.), Methods in contemporary linguistics, pp. 45–68. Berlin and New York, Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Schwartz, Jean-Luc, Boë, Louis-Jean, Vallée, Nathalie and Abry, Christian. 1997. The dispersion-focalization theory of vowel systems. Journal of Phonetics 25: 255–86.Google Scholar

Sedlak, Philip. 1969. Typological considerations of vowel quality systems. Stanford University Working Papers on Language Universals 1: 1–40.Google Scholar

Seidl, Amanda. 2001. Minimal indirect reference: A theory of the syntax–phonology interface. New York and London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Song, J. J. (ed.). 2011. The Oxford handbook of linguistic typology. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Steriade, Donca. 1995. Underspecification and markedness. In Goldsmith, (ed.), pp. 114–74.Google Scholar

Stevens, Kenneth N. 1989. On the quantal nature of speech. Journal of Phonetics 17: 3–45.Google Scholar

Suárez, Jorge A. 1983. The Mesoamerican Indian languages. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Tokizaki, Hisao. 2008. Symmetry and asymmetry in the syntax–phonology interface. Phonological Studies 11: 123–30.Google Scholar

Trubetzkoy, Nikolai S. 1939/1969. Principles of phonology. Trans. Baltaxe, Christiane A. M.. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Originally published in 1939 as Grundzüge der Phonologie. Göttingen: van der Hoeck and Ruprecht.Google Scholar

Vaux, Bert and Samuels, Bridget. 2015. Explaining vowel systems: Dispersion theory vs. natural selection. The Linguistic Review 32(3): 573–99.Google Scholar

Velupillai, Viveka. 2012. An Introduction to Linguistic Typology. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Available online at: http://wals.info.Google Scholar

Vigário, Marina. 2003. The prosodic word in European Portuguese. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Vogel, I. 2008. Universals of prosodic structure. In Scalise, S., Magni, E., Vineis, E. and Bisetto, A. (eds.), Universals of language today, pp. 59–82. Amsterdam: Springer.Google Scholar

Vogel, Irene. 2009. The status of the clitic group. In Grijzenhout, and Kabak, (eds.), pp. 15–46.Google Scholar

Weidert, A. 1981. Tonologie. Ergebnisse, Analysen, Vermutungen. Tübingen: Niemeyer.Google Scholar

Yip, Moira. 2002. Tone. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Zec, Draga. 1988. Sonority constraints on prosodic dtructure. PhD dissertation, Stanford University. Published in 1994, New York: Garland.Google Scholar

Zec, Draga. 2007. The syllable. In de Lacy, (ed.), pp. 161–94.Google Scholar

Zhang, Jie. 2002. The effects of duration and sonority on contour tone distribution: Typlogical survey and formal analysis. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Andersen, Torben. 1994. Morphological stratification in Dinka: On the alternations of voice quality, vowel length and tone in the morphology of transitive verbal roots in a monosyllabic language. Studies in African Linguistics 23(1): 1–63.Google Scholar

Bickel, Balthasar and Nichols, Johanna. 2005. Inflectional morphology. In Shopen, T. (ed.), Language typology and syntactic description, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Bopp, Franz. 1833–52. Vergleichende Grammatik des Sanskrit, Zend, Griechischen, Lateinischen, Litthauischen, Altslawischen, Gotischen und Deutschen (Published in six parts). Berlin: Royal Academy of Sciences.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. [1976] 1989. Language universals and linguistic typology. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 2010. Basic linguistic theory, Vol. I: Methodology. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2002. Word: A typological framework. In Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra (eds.), Word: A crosslinguistic typology, pp. 1–41. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Greenberg, Joseph. 1954. A quantitative approach to the morphological typology of language. In Spencer, R. F. (ed.), Method and perspective in anthropology: Papers in honor of Wilson D. Wallis, pp. 192–220. University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar

Greenberg, Joseph. 1960. A quantitative approach to the morphological typology of language (reprint of Greenberg 1954). International Journal of American Linguistics 26: 178–94.Google Scholar

Humboldt, Wilhelm. 1836. Über die Verschiedenheit des menschlichen Sprachbaues und ihren Einfluss auf die geistige Entwickelung des Menschengeschlechts. Berlin: F. Dümmler Verlag.Google Scholar

Losonsky, Michael (ed.). 1999. On language: On the diversity of human language construction and its influence on the mental development of the human species, trans. Heath, Peter (Translation of Humboldt, 1836). (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy). Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Sapir, Edward. [1921] 1939. Language. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company.Google Scholar

Schlegel, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich. 1808. Über die Sprache und Weisheit der Indier. Heidelberg: Mohr Siebeck Verlag.Google Scholar

Zenteno, Carlos. 1753. Arte novissima de lengua mexicana. Mexico: La viuda de D. Joseph Bernardo de Hogal.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2004. Evidentiality. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2006. Grammars in contact: A cross-linguistic perspective. In Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Grammars in contact, pp. 1–66. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. 2001. Introduction. In Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Areal diffusion and genetic inheritance, pp. 1–26. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Austin, Peter. 1993. Word order in a free word order language: The case of Jiwarli. Unpublished ms., Latrobe University.Google Scholar

Baker, Mark. 2001. Configurationality and polysynthesis. In Haspelmath, M., König, E., Oesterreicher, W. and Raible, W. (eds.), Language typology and language universals: An international handbook, Vol. II, pp. 1433–41. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Bauer, Anna. 2011. Verberststellung im Hethitischen. In Krisch, Thomas and Lindner, Thomas (eds.), Indogermanistik und Linguistik im Dialog. Akten der 13. Fachtagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaft, pp. 39–48. Wiesbaden: Reichert.Google Scholar

Blust, Robert. 2006. The origin of the Kelabit voiced aspirates: A historical hypothesis revisited. Oceanic Linguistics 45: 311.Google Scholar

Bopp, Franz. 1816. Über das Conjugationssystem der Sanskritsprache in Vergleichung mit jenem der griechischen, lateinischen, persischen und germanischen Sprache. Frankfurt (M.): Andreäsche Buchhandlung.Google Scholar

Bosworth, J. and Toller, T. N. 1898/1921. An Anglo-Saxon dictionary. Available online at: www.bosworthtoller.com.Google Scholar

Brugmann, Karl. 1891. Zur Frage der Entstehung des grammatischen Geschlechtes. Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur (PBB) 15: 523–31.Google Scholar

Budassi, Marco. 2014. La semantica della preposizione per nell’italiano antico. Undergraduate honors thesis, University of Pavia.Google Scholar

Bybee, Joan L. 1988. The diachronic dimension in explanation. In Hawkins, J. (ed.), Explaining language universals, pp. 350–79. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar

Clackson, James. 2007. Indo-European linguistics: An introduction. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 1993. Typology and reconstruction. In Jones, Charles (ed.), Historical linguistics: Problems and perspectives, pp. 74–97. London: Longman.Google Scholar

Curnow, Timothy Jowan. 2001. What language features can be ‘borrowed’? In Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Areal diffusion and genetic inheritance: Problems in comparative linguistics, pp. 412–36. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Devine, Andrew M. and Stephens, Laurence D.. 2000. Discontinuous syntax: Hyperbaton in Greek. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 1997. The rise and fall of languages. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dryer, Matthew S. 1992. The Greenbergian word order correlations. Language 68: 81–138.Google Scholar

Ehret, Christofer. 1995. Reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic (Proto-Afrasian): Vowels, tone, consonants, and vocabulary. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Friedrich, Paul. 1975. Proto-Indo-European syntax: The order of meaningful elements. (Journal of Indo-European Studies, Monograph Series 1). Washington, DC: Institute for the Study of Man.Google Scholar

Gamkrelidze, Thomas V. and Ivanov, Vjaceslav V.. 1995. Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans: A reconstruction and historical analysis of a proto-language and a proto-culture, 2 vols. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. Originally published in 1984 as Indoevropeiskij jazyk i indoevropeitsi. Tbilisi: Izdatel’stvo Tbilisskogo Universiteta.Google Scholar

Gensler, Orin. 2014. A typological look at Egyptian *d > ʕ. In Grossman, Eitan, Haspelmath, Martin and Richter, Tonio Sebastian (eds.), Egyptian-Coptic in typological perspective, pp. 187–202. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Gildea, Spike. 1998. On reconstructing grammar: Comparative Cariban morphosyntax. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Gildea, Spike. (ed.). 2000. Reconstructing grammar: Comparative linguistics and grammaticalization theory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Godefroy, Frederic. 1982. Lexique de l’Ancien Français. Paris: Champion.Google Scholar

Greenberg, Joseph. [1963] 1966. Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements. In Greenberg, J. (ed.), Universals of grammar, pp. 73–113. Cambridge MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Güldemann, Tom. 2013. Typology. In Vossen, Rainer (ed.), The Khoesan languages, pp. 25–37. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Hale, Ken. 1983. Warlpiri and the grammar of non-configurational languages. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 1: 5–47.Google Scholar

Harris, Alice. 2008. On the explanation of typologically unusual structures. In Good, Jeff (ed.), Linguistic universals and language change, pp. 54–76. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Haspelmath, Martin. 2004. On directionality in language change with particular reference to grammaticalization. In Fischer, Olga, Norde, Muriel and Perridon, Harry (eds.), Up and down the cline: The nature of grammaticalization, pp. 17–44. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Haspelmath, Martin and Tadmor, Uri. 2009. Loanwords in the world’s languages: A comparative handbook. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Haug, Dag Trygve Truslew. 2012. Syntactic conditions on null arguments in the Indo-European Bible translations. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 44: 129–41.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd, Claudi, Ulrike and Hünnemeyer, Friederike. 1991. Grammaticalization: A conceptual framework. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Hock, Hans H. 2010. Typology and universals. In Luraghi, S. and Bubenik, V. (eds.), The Continuum companion to historical linguistics, pp. 59–69. London and New York: Continuum.Google Scholar

Hopper, Paul. 1973. Glottalized and murmured occlusives in Indo-European. Glotta 7: 141–66.Google Scholar

Hopper, Paul. 2008. Emergent serialization in English: Pragmatics and typology. In Good, Jeff (ed.), Linguistic universals and language change, pp. 253–84. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Humboldt, Wilhelm. 1836. Über die Verschiedenheit des menschlichen Sprachbaus und ihren Einfluss auf die geistige Entwickelung des Menschengeschlechts. Berlin: Buschmann.Google Scholar

Jakobson, Roman. 1958. Typological studies and their contribution to historical comparative linguistics. Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Linguists, pp. 17–35. Oslo University Press.Google Scholar

Jasanoff, Jay. 2003. Hittite and the Indo-European verb. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Jeffers, Robert J. 1976. Review of W. P. Lehmann 1974. Language 52: 982–8.Google Scholar

Sir Jones, William. 1786. Published in Works, Vol. I, pp. 19–34, London, 1799. Available online at: https://archive.org/details/worksofsirwillia01jone. Reprinted in Lehmann, Winfred P. (ed.), A reader in nineteenth century historical Indo-European linguistics, pp. 7–20. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1967.Google Scholar

Keydana, Goets and Luraghi, Silvia. 2012. Definite referential null objects in Vedic Sanskrit and Ancient Greek. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 44(2): 116–28.Google Scholar

Kiparsky, Paul. 2008. Universals constrain change; change results in typological generalizations. In Good, Jeff (ed.), Linguistic universals and language change, pp. 23–53. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Klimov, Georgij A. 1974. On the character of languages of active typology. Linguistics 131: 11–25.Google Scholar

Klimov, Georgij A. 1977. Tipologija jazykov aktivnogo strija. Moscow: Nauka.Google Scholar

Kuteva, Tania and Heine, Bernd. 2008. On the explanatory value of grammaticalization. In Good, Jeff (ed.), Linguistic universals and language change, pp. 215–30. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Lass, Roger. 2000. Remarks on (uni)directionality. In Fischer, Olga, Rosenbach, Anette and Stein, Dieter (eds.), Pathways of change: Grammaticalization in English, pp. 215–30. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Lehmann, Winfred P. 1974. Proto-Indo-European syntax. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 1994. Suffix copying and related phenomena: A prototype approach. Linguistics 32: 1095–108.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 1995. The function of verb initial sentences in some ancient Indo-European languages. In Noonan, M. and Downing, P. (eds.), Word order in discourse, pp. 355–86. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 1997. Omission of the direct object in Classical Latin. Indogermanische Forschungen 102: 239–57.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 1998. On the directionality of grammaticalization. Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung 51(4): 355–65.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 2005. Does a theory of language change need unidirectionality? Logos and Language 6(2): 9–17.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 2008. Possessive constructions in Anatolian, Hurrian, Urartean, and Armenian as evidence for language contact. In Collins, B. J., Bachvarova, M. R. and Rutherford, I. C. (eds.), Anatolian interfaces, pp. 147–55. Oxford: Oxbow Press.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 2010. The rise (and possible downfall) of configurationality. In Luraghi, S. and Bubenik, V. (eds.), The Continuum companion to historical linguistics, pp. 212–29. London and New York: Continuum.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 2011. The origin of the Proto-Indo-European gender system: Typological considerations. Folia Linguistica 45(2): 435–64.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 2012. Basic valency orientation in Hittite. Studies in Language 36(1): 1–32.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. Forthcoming a. From non-canonical to canonical agreement. To appear in a forthcoming Festschrift.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. Forthcoming b. The mapping of space onto the domain of benefaction. Submitted.Google Scholar

Matasović, Ranko. 2004. Gender in Indo-European. Heidelberg: Winter.Google Scholar

Meillet, Antoine. 1921. Linguistique historique et linguistique générale. Paris: Champion.Google Scholar

Nichols, Johanna. 1992. Linguistic diversity in space and time. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Nichols, Johanna. 1995. Diachronically stable structural features. In Andersen, Henning (ed.), Historical linguistics 1993: Papers from the Eleventh International Conference on Historical Linguistics, pp. 337–56. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Nichols, Johanna. 2003. Diversity and stability in language. In Joseph, Brian and Janda, Richard (eds.), The handbook of historical linguistics, pp. 215–30. London: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar

Norde, Muriel. 2010. Degrammaticalization: Three common controversies. In Stathi, Ekaterini, Gehweiler, Elke and König, Ekkehard (eds.), Grammaticalization: Current views and issues, pp. 123–50. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Pensalfini, Robert. 2004. Towards a typology of nonconfigurationality. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 22(2): 359–408.Google Scholar

Pisani, Vittore. 1971. Glottologia indoeuropea. Torino: Rosenberg & Sellier.Google Scholar

Rice, Sally and Kabata, Kaori. 2007. Crosslinguistic grammaticalization patterns of the allative. Linguistic Typology 11: 451–514.Google Scholar

Robbins, Janelle. 1998. The historical development of the English prepositions to and for. Undergraduate honors thesis, University of Alberta.Google Scholar

Ross, Malcom. 2001. Contact-induced change in Oceanic Languages in north-west Melanesia. In Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Areal diffusion and genetic inheritance, pp. 134–66. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Shields, Kenneth. 2011. Linguistic typology and historical linguistics. In Song, Jae Jung (ed.), The Oxford handbook of linguistic typology, pp. 551–67. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Stefanini, Ruggero. 1969. Il genitivo aggettivale nelle lingue anatoliche. Athenaeum N. S. 47: 290–302.Google Scholar

Stewart, John M. 1989. Kwa. In Bendor-Samuel, John (ed.), The Niger-Congo languages. Lanham, MD and London: University Press of America.Google Scholar

Thomason, Sarah G. 2001. Language contact: An introduction. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar

Thomason, Sarah G. 2003. Contact as a source of language change. In Joseph, Brian and Janda, Richard (eds.), The handbook of historical linguistics, pp. 687–712. London: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Vogt, Hans. 1932. Les groupes nominaux en arménien et géorgien anciens. Norsk Tidsskrift for Spragvidenskap 5: 57–81.Google Scholar

Wackernagel, Jacob. 1892. Über ein Gesetz der indogermanischen Wortstellung. Indogermanische Forschungen 1: 333–436.Google Scholar

Wartburg, Walther. 1958. Französisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Basel: Zbinden.Google Scholar

Watkins, Calvert. 2001. An Indo-European linguistic area and its characteristics: Ancient Anatolia. Areal diffusion as a challenge to the comparative method? In Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Areal diffusion and genetic inheritance, pp. 44–63. Oxford University Press, 44–63.Google Scholar

Weinreich, Uriel. 1963. Languages in contact. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar

Whaley, Lindsay J. 1997. Introduction to typology: The unity and diversity of language. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Wichmann, Søren and Wohlgemuth, Jan. 2008. Loan verbs in a typological perspective. In Stolz, Thomas, Bakker, Dik and Palomo, Rosa Salas (eds.), Aspects of language contact: New theoretical, methodological and empirical findings with special focus on romancisation processes, pp. 89–121. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Wilhelm, Gernot. 1995. Suffixaufnahme in Hurrian and Urartean. In Plank, Frans (ed.), Double case, pp. 113–35. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2003. A grammar of Tariana, from Northwest Amazonia. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2007. Typological distinctions in word-formation. In Shopen, T. (ed.), Language typology and syntactic description, 2nd edn, pp. 1–65. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Andersen, Henning. 1988. Center and periphery: adoption, diffusion, and spread. In Fisiak, J. (ed.), Historical dialectology: Regional and social, pp. 39–84. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Anderson, Stephen R. 1985. Inflectional morphology. In Shopen, T. (ed.), Language typology and syntactic fieldwork, Vol. III: Grammatical categories and the lexicon, pp. 150–201. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Anthony, David. 2007. The horse, the wheel, and language. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Aronoff, Mark. 1994. Morphology by itself: stems and inflectional classes. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Bynon, Theodora. 1977. Historical linguistics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Campbell, Lyle. 1997. On the linguistic prehistory of Finno-Ugric. In Hickey, R. and Puppel, S. (eds.), Language history and linguistic modelling: A festschrift for Jacek Fisiak on his 60th birthday, pp. 829–62. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Carstairs-McCarthy, Andrew. 2010. The evolution of morphology. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Charney, Jean Ormsbee. 1993. A grammar of Comanche. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 1980. Morphology and word order reconstruction: Problems and prospects. In Fisiak, J. (ed.), Historical morphology, pp. 83–96. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 1989. Language universals and linguistic typology. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 1992. Before complexity. In Hawkins, J. and Gell-Mann, M. (eds.), The evolution of human languages, pp. 193–211. Reading: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar

Dahl, Östen. 2004. The growth and maintenance of linguistic complexity. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

DeLancey, Scott. 1991. Chronological strata of suffix classes in the Klamath verb. International Journal of American Linguistics 57: 426–45.Google Scholar

De Vogelaer, Gunther. 2004. Person marking in Dutch dialects. In Kortmann, B. (ed.), Dialectology meets typology: Dialect grammar from a cross-linguistic perspective, pp. 181–210. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

De Vogelaer, Gunther. 2005. Persoonsmarkering in de dialecten in het nederlandse taalgebied. Ghent University Press.Google Scholar

De Vogelaer, Gunther. 2009. Changing pronominal gender in Dutch; transmission or diffusion? In Tsipaklou, S., Karyolemou, M. and Pavlou, P. (eds.), Language variation: European perspectives II, pp. 71–80. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

De Vogelaer, Gunther and van der Auwera, Johan. 2010. When typological rara generate rarissima: Analogical extension of verbal agreement in Dutch dialects. In Wohlgemuth, J. and Cysouw, M. (eds.), Rara and rarissima: Documenting the fringes of linguistic diversity, pp. 47–72. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 1972. The Dyirbal language of North Queensland. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 1997. The rise and fall of languages. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Donaldson, Bruce. 1994. Afrikaans. In König, E. and Van der Auwera, J. (eds.), The Germanic languages, pp. 478–504. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Drinka, Bridget. 2003. The development of the perfect in Indo-European: stratigraphic evidence of prehistoric areal influence. In Andersen, H. (ed.), Language contacts in prehistory: Studies in stratigraphy, pp. 77–105. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Dubé, Jaïmé. 2013. Reconsidering the ‘isolating protolanguage hypothesis’ in the evolution of morphology. In Cathcart, C., Chen, I.-H., Finley, G., Kang, S., Sandy, C. and Stickles, E. (eds.), Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 76–90. Berkeley Linguistics Society.Google Scholar

Evans, Nicholas and Sasse, Hans-Jürgen. 2002. Introduction: Problems of polysynthesis. In Evans, N. and Sasse, H.-J. (eds.), Problems of polysynthesis, pp. 1–13. Berlin: Akademie Verlag.Google Scholar

Faarlund, Jan Terje. 2002. Syntactic development from Old Nordic to Early Modern Nordic. In Bandle, O. et al. (eds.), The Nordic languages: An international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages, Vol. II, pp. 1149–61. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Fairbanks, Gordon. 1977. Case inflections in Indo-European. Journal of Indo-European Studies 5: 1–31.Google Scholar

Fortescue, Michael. 1992. Morphophonemic complexity and typological stability in a polysynthetic language family. International Journal of American Linguistics 58: 242–8.Google Scholar

Fortescue, Michael. 2002. The rise and fall of polysynthesis in the Eskimo-Aleut family. In Evans, N. and Sasse, H.-J. (eds.), Problems of polysynthesis, pp. 282–97. Berlin: Akademie Verlag.Google Scholar

Fortson, Benjamin. 2010. Indo-European language and culture: An introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Gabelentz, Georg. 1901. Die Sprachwissenschaft: ihre Aufgaben, Methoden und bisherigen Ergebnisse, 2nd edn. Leipzig: Weigel.Google Scholar

Geerts, Guido. 1966. Genus en geslacht in de Gouden Eeuw. Brussels: Belgisch Interuniversitair Centrum voor Neerlandistiek.Google Scholar

Givón, Talmy. 1979. On understanding grammar. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Givón, Talmy and Young, Philip. 2002. Cooperation and interpersonal manipulation in the society of intimates. In Chibatani, M. (ed.), The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation, pp. 23–56. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Grace, George. 1990. The ‘aberrant’ (vs. ‘exemplary’) Melanesian languages. In Baldi, P. (ed.), Linguistic change and reconstruction methodology, pp. 155–73. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Hassan, Fekri. 1981. Demographic archaeology. New York: Academic.Google Scholar

Hodge, Carleton T. 1970. The linguistic cycle. Language Sciences 13: 1–7.Google Scholar

Hoijer, Harry. 1945. Classificatory verb stems in the Apachean languages. International Journal of American Linguistics 11: 13–23.Google Scholar

Hymes, Dell. 1974. Speech and language: on the origins and foundations of inequality among speakers. In Bloomfield, M. and Haugen, E. (eds.), Language as a human problem, pp. 45–71. New York: Norton.Google Scholar

Jakobson, Roman. 1929. Remarques sur l’évolution phonologique du Russe comparée à celle des autres langues Slaves. Prague: Travaux du Cercle Linguistique de Prague 2.Google Scholar

Jespersen, Otto. 1894. Progress in language. London: Swan Sonnenschein.Google Scholar

Jespersen, Otto. 1922. Language: Its nature, development and origin. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar

Keenan, Ed. 1976. Discussion. In Harnard, S. R., Steklis, H. D. and Lancaster, J. (eds.), Origins and evolution of language and speech, pp. 92–6. New York Academy of Sciences.Google Scholar

Korotkova, Natalia and Lander, Yury. 2010. Deriving affix ordering in polysynthesis: evidence from Adyghe. Morphology 20: 299–319.Google Scholar

Kusters, Wouter. 2003. Linguistic complexity: The influence of social change on verbal inflection. Leiden University Press.Google Scholar

Lass, Roger. 1997. Historical linguistics and language change. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Lehmann, Winfred. 1993. Theoretical bases of Indo-European linguistics. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Lupyan, Gary and Dale, Rick. 2010. Language structure is partly determined by social structure. PLoS ONE 5(1): e8559. Published online. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008559.Google Scholar

McDonough, Joyce and Sussman, Rachel. 2006. A methodology for the investigation of speaker’s knowledge of structure in Athabaskan. Proceedings of Berkeley Linguistic Society 30: 102–13.Google Scholar

Madvig, Johan Nicolai. 1857. De grammatische Betegnelser. Copenhagen.Google Scholar

Mailhammer, Robert. 2011. The prehistory of European languages. In Kortmann, B. and van der Auwera, J. (eds.), The languages and linguistics of Europe: A comprehensive guide, pp. 671–82. Berlin: de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Mallory, J. P. 2013. The origins of the Irish. London: Thames and Hudson.Google Scholar

Melchert, Craig. Forthcoming. The position of Anatolian. In Weiss, M. and Garrett, A. (eds.), Handbook of Indo-European studies. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Melchert, Craig and Oettinger, Norbert. 2009. Ablativ und Instrumental im Hethitischen und Indogermanischen: ein Beitrag zur relativen Chronologie. Incontri Linguistici 32: 53–73.Google Scholar

Milroy, Lesley. 1980. Language and social networks. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Mithun, Marianne. 1999. The languages of native North America. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1977. Pidginisation and simplification of language. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.Google Scholar

Nettle, Daniel. 1999. Linguistic diversity. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Nettle, Daniel and Romaine, Suzanne. 2000. Vanishing voices: The extinction of the world’s languages. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Nichols, Johanna. 1992. Linguistic diversity in space and time. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Nichols, Johanna. 2007. Review of Ö. Dahl: The growth and maintenance of linguistic complexity. Diachronica 24(1): 171–8.Google Scholar

Perkins, Revere. 1980. The covariation of culture and grammar. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan PhD thesis.Google Scholar

Perkins, Revere. 1995. Deixis, grammar, and culture. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Poulson, Laurie. 2011. Meta-modeling of tense and aspect in a cross-linguistic grammar engineering platform. University of Washington Working Papers in Linguistics 28.Google Scholar

de Reuse, Willem. 2006. A practical grammar of the San Carlos Apache language. Munich: Lincom Europa.Google Scholar

Rice, Keren. 1999. Review of Leonard Faltz (1998): The Navajo verb: a grammar for students and scholars. Linguistic Typology 3: 393–400.Google Scholar

Roberge, Paul. 1995. The formation of Afrikaans. In Mesthrie, R. (ed.), Language and social history: Studies in South African sociolinguistics, pp. 68–88. Cape Town: Philip.Google Scholar

Ross, Malcolm. 1997. Social networks and kinds of speech community events. In Blench, R. and Spriggs, M. (eds.), Archaeology and language, pp. 209–61. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Ryckeboer, Hugo. 2002. Dutch/Flemish in the north of France. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 23: 22–35.Google Scholar

Sadock, Jerrold. 2003. A grammar of Kalaallisut. Munich: Lincom.Google Scholar

Sapir, Edward. 1912. Language and environment. American Anthropologist 14: 226–42.Google Scholar

Sapir, Edward. 1921. Language. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World.Google Scholar

Schlegel, August Wilhelm. 1846. Œuvres de M. Auguste-Guillaume de Schlegel. Leipzig: Weidmann.Google Scholar

Shields, Kenneth. 2010. Linguistic typology and the reconstruction of the Indo-European accusative plural. Emerita: Revista de Lingüística y Filología Clásica 78: 33–42.Google Scholar

Sinnemäki, Kaius 2009. Complexity in core argument marking and population size. In Sampson, G., Gil, D. and Trudgill, P. (eds.), Language complexity as an evolving variable, pp. 125–40. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Smitherman, Thomas and Barðdal, Jóhanna. 2009. Typological changes in the evolution of IndoEuropean syntax? Diachronica 26(2): 253–73.Google Scholar

Szemerényi, Oswald. 1996. Introduction to Indo-European linguistics. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar

Taeldeman, Johan. 2005. Oost-Vlaams. Tielt: Lannoo.Google Scholar

Thurston, William. 1989. How exoteric languages build a lexicon: Esoterogeny in West New Britain. In Harlow, R. and Hooper, R. (eds.), VICAL I: Papers in Oceanic linguistics, pp. 555–79. Auckland: Linguistic Society of New Zealand.Google Scholar

Trudgill, Peter. 1983. On dialect: Social and geographical perspectives. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Trudgill, Peter 1986. Dialects in contact. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Trudgill, Peter 2011. Sociolinguistic typology: Social determinants of linguistic complexity. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Trudgill, Peter 2013. Gender maintenance and loss in Totenmålet, English, and other major Germanic varieties. In Lohndal, T. (ed.), In search of Universal Grammar: From Old Norse to Zoque, pp. 77–108. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Trudgill, Peter 2016. Sociolinguistic typology and the uniformitarian hypothesis. In Crevels, M., Hombert, J.-M. and Muysken, P. (eds.), Language dispersal, diversification, and contact: A global perspective. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Vogt, Hans. 1948. Dans quelles conditions et dans quelles limites peut s’exercer sur le système morphologique d’une langue l’action du système morphologique d’une autre langue? In Lejeune, M. (ed.), Actes du Sixième Congrès International des Linguistes, pp. 31–45. Paris: Klincksieck.Google Scholar

Weiss, Helmut. Forthcoming. The Wackernagel position and complementizer agreement: The emergence of a syntactic particularity at the left edge of the middle field. In Hinterhölzl, R., Bentzen, K., Speyer, A. and Szucsuch, L. (eds.), The German Middle Field in a comparative and diachronic perspective. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Whorf, Benjamin Lee. 1956. Language, thought, and reality: Selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf, ed. Carroll, John B.. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Wier, Thomas. 2006. Review of J. Sadock: A Grammar of Kalaallisut. Language 82: 221–2.Google Scholar

Wray, Alison and Grace, George. 2007. The consequences of talking to strangers: Evolutionary corollaries of socio-cultural influences on linguistic form. Lingua 117: 543–78.Google Scholar

Ansaldo, Umberto and Lim, Lisa. 2004. Phonetic absence as syntactic prominence. Grammaticalization in isolating tonal languages. In Fischer, Olga, Norde, Muriel and Perridon, Harry (eds.), Up and down the Cline: The nature of grammaticalization, pp. 345–62. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Baker, Mark. 1988. Incorporation: A theory of grammatical function changing. Chicago University Press.Google Scholar

Bhat, D. N. S. 1999. The prominence of tense, aspect and mood. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Bisang, Walter. 2004. Grammaticalization without coevolution of form and meaning: The case of tense-aspect-modality in East and mainland Southeast Asia. In Bisang, Walter, Himmelmann, Nikolaus P. and Wiemer, Björn (eds.), What makes grammaticalization? A look from its fringes and its components, pp. 109–38. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Bisang, Walter. 2008. Grammaticalization and the areal factor: The perspective of East and mainland Southeast Asian languages. In Jóse López-Couso, Maria and Seoane, Elena (eds.), Rethinking grammaticalization: New perspectives, pp. 15–36. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Bisang, Walter. 2010. Grammaticalization in Chinese: A construction-based account, in Traugott, Elizabeth Closs and Trousdale, Graeme (eds.), Gradience, gradualness and grammaticalization, pp. 245–77. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Bisang, Walter. 2011. Grammaticalization and typology, in Narrog, Heiko and Heine, Bernd (eds.), The Oxford handbook of grammaticalization, pp. 105–17. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Bybee, Joan L. 1988. The diachronic dimension in explanation. In Hawkins, John (ed.), Explaining language universals, pp. 350–79. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar

Bybee, Joan L. 2006. Language change and universals. In Mairal, Ricardo and Gil, Juana (eds.), Linguistic universals, pp. 179–94. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Bybee, Joan L. 2009. Language universals and usage-based theory. In Christiansen, Morten H., Collins, Christopher and Edelman, Shimon (eds.), Language universals, pp. 17–39. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Bybee, Joan L. and Thompson, Sandra. 1997. Three frequency effects in syntax. Proceedings of the Twenty-third Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, pp. 378–88. Berkeley Linguistics Society.Google Scholar

Bybee, Joan L., Pagliuca, William and Perkins, Revere D.. 1990. On the asymmetries in the affixation of grammatical material. In Croft, William A., Kemmer, Suzanne and Denning, Keith (eds.), Studies in typology and diachrony: Papers presented to Joseph H. Greenberg on his 75th Birthday, pp. 1–42. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Bybee, Joan L., Perkins, Revere D. and Pagliuca, William. 1994. The evolution of grammar: Tense, aspect and modality in the languages of the world. Chicago University Press.Google Scholar

Chafe, Wallace. 2000. Florescence as a force in grammaticalization. In Gildea, Spike (ed.), Reconstructing grammar: Comparative linguistics and grammaticalization, pp. 39–64. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 1980. Morphology and word order reconstruction: Problems and prospects. In Fisiak, Jaced (ed.), Historical morphology, pp. 83–96. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 1989. Language universals and linguistic typology: Syntax and morphology, 2nd edn. Chicago University Press.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 1993. Typology and reconstruction. In Jones, Charles (ed.), Historical linguistics: Problems and perspectives, pp. 74–97. London: Longman.Google Scholar

Cysouw, Michael. 2006. The asymmetry of affixation. In Gärtner, Hans-Martin, Beck, Sigrid, Eckardt, Regine, Musan, Renate and Stiebels, Barbara (eds.), Puzzles for Krifka, pp. 10–14. Available online at: www.zas.gwz-berlin.de/publications/40-60-puzzles-for-krifka/.Google Scholar

DeLancey, Scott. 2001. Lexical categories. Lecture 2 of his Santa Barbara Lectures on Functional Syntax. The LSA Summer Institute, UC Santa Barbara. Available at: www.uoregon.edu/~delancey/sb/functional_syntax.doc.Google Scholar

Dryer, Matthew. 2005. Prefixing versus suffixing in inflectional morphology. In Haspelmath, Martin, Dryer, Matthew S., Gil, David and Comrie, Bernard (eds.), The world atlas of linguistic structures, pp. 110–13. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Givón, Talmy. 1971. Historical syntax and synchronic morphology: An archaeologist’s field trip. Chicago Linguistics Society 7: 394–415.Google Scholar

Givón, Talmy. 2008. On the relational properties of passive clauses. In Fernández, Zarina Estrada, Wichmann, Søren, Chamoreau, Claudine and Álvarez González, Albert (eds.), Studies in voice and transitivity, pp. 19–32. Munich: Lincom.Google Scholar

Givón, Talmy. 2009. The genesis of syntactic complexity: Diachrony, ontogeny, neuro-cognition, evolution. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Greenberg, Joseph. H. 1961. Universals of language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Greenberg, Joseph. H. 1995. The diachronic typological approach to language. In Shibatani, Masayoshi and Bynon, Theodora (eds.), Approaches to language typology, pp. 145–66. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar

Hale, Ken. 2001. Navajo verb stem position and the bipartite structure of the Navajo conjunct sector. Linguistic Inquiry 32(4): 678–93.Google Scholar

Harris, Alice C. and Campbell, Lyle. 1995. Historical syntax in cross-linguistic perspective. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Haspelmath, Martin. 2008. Creating economical morphosyntactic patterns in language change. In Good, Jeff (ed.), Linguistic universals and language change, pp. 185–214. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Hawkins, John. 2011. Processing efficiency and complexity in typological patterns. In Song, Jae Jung (ed.), The Oxford handbook of linguistic typology, pp. 206–26. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd. 1997. Cognitive foundations of grammar. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd. 2003. Grammaticalization. In Joseph, Brian D. and Janda, Richard D. (eds.), The handbook of historical linguistics, pp. 575–601. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd. 2004. On genetic motivation in grammar. In Radden, Günter and Panther, Klaus-Uwe (eds.), Studies in linguistic motivation, pp. 103–20. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd and Kuteva, Tania. 2002. World lexicon of grammaticalization. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd and Kuteva, Tania 2006. The changing languages of Europe. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Himmelmann, Nikolaus. 2005. Gram, construction, and word class formation. In Knobloch, Clemens and Schaeder, Burhard (eds.), Wortarten und Grammatikalisierung. Perspektiven in System und Erwerb, pp. 79–92. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Hopper, Paul J. 1991. On some principles of grammaticalization. In Traugott, and Heine, (eds.), Vol. I, pp. 17–35.Google Scholar

Hopper, Paul J. and Traugott, Elizabeth C.. 2003. Grammaticalization. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Krug, Manfred G. 2000. Emerging English modals: A corpus-based study of grammaticalization. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Kuryɬowicz, Jerzy. [1965] 1975. The evolution of grammatical categories. Esquisses linguistiques 2: 38–54. (Diogenes 1965: 55–71.)Google Scholar

Lehmann, Christian. 1986. Grammaticalization and linguistic typology. General Linguistics 26(1): 3–22.Google Scholar

Lehmann, Christian. 2002. Thoughts on grammaticalization, 2nd revised edn. Erfurt: Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität. pp.Google Scholar

Luraghi, Silvia. 2010. Causes of language change. In Luraghi, Silvia and Bubenik, Vit (eds.), Continuum companion to historical linguistics, pp. 358–70. London: Continuum.Google Scholar

Malchukov, Andrej, Haspelmath, Martin and Comrie, Bernard (eds.). 2010. Studies in ditransitive constructions: A comparative handbook. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Mithun, Marianne. 2003. Why prefixes? Acta Linguistica Hungarica 50(1–2): 155–85.Google Scholar

Mithun, Marianne. 2011. Grammaticalization and explanation. In Narrog, Heiko and Heine, Bernd (eds.), The Oxford handbook of grammaticalization, pp. 177–92. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Narrog, Heiko. 2010. Voice and non-canonical case marking in the expression of event-oriented modality. Linguistic Typology 14: 71–126.Google Scholar

Narrog, Heiko and Ohori, Toshio. 2011. Grammaticalization in Japanese. In Narrog, Heiko and Heine, Bernd (eds.), The Oxford handbook of grammaticalization, pp. 775–85. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Paul, Hermann. 1880. Principien der Sprachgeschichte. Halle: Max Niemeyer.Google Scholar

Paul, Hermann. 1891. Principles of the history of language. Trans. of 2nd edn of the original by Strong, H. A.. London: Longmans.Google Scholar

Rhee, Seongha. 2011. Grammaticalization in Korean. In Narrog, Heiko and Heine, Bernd (eds.), The Oxford handbook of grammaticalization, pp. 764–74. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Rice, Keren. 2000. Morpheme order and semantic scope: Word formation in the Athapaskan verb. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Roberts, Ian and Roussou, Anna. 1999. A formal approach to ‘grammaticalization’. Linguistics 37(6): 1011–41.Google Scholar

Schiering, René. 2007. The phonological basis of linguistic rhythm: Cross-linguistic data and diachronic interpretation. Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung 60(4): 337–59.Google Scholar

Schiering, René. 2010. Reconsidering erosion in grammaticalization: Evidence from cliticization. In Stathi, Katerina, Gehweiler, Elke and König, Ekkehard (eds.), Grammaticalization: Current views and issues, pp. 73–100. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Shields, Kenneth. 2011. Linguistic typology and historical linguistics. In Song, Jae Jung (ed.), The Oxford handbook of linguistic typology, pp. 551–67. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Thornes, Tim. 2013. Causation as ‘functional sink’ in Northern Paiute. In Thornes, Timothy J., Andvik, Erik E., Hyslop, Gwendolyn and Jansen, Joana (eds.), Functional-historical approaches to explanation: In honor of Scott DeLancey, pp. 237–57. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Trask, Robert L. and Stockwell, Peter. 2007. Language and linguistics: Key concepts, 2nd edn. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Traugott, Elizabeth C. 2010. Grammaticalization. In Luraghi, Silvia and Bubenik, Vit (eds.), Continuum companion of historical linguistics, pp. 271–85. London: Continuum.Google Scholar

Traugott, Elizabeth C. and Heine, Bernd (eds.). 1991. Approaches to grammaticalization, 2 vols. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

van Gelderen, Elly. 2004. Grammaticalization as economy. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Velupillai, Viveka. 2012. An introduction to linguistic typology. Amsterdam: John BenjaminsGoogle Scholar

Whaley, Lindsay. 1997. Introduction to typology: The unity and diversity of language. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar

Young, Robert. 2000. The Navajo verb system: An overview. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico.Google Scholar

Young, Robert and Morgan, William. 1987. The Navajo language: A grammar and colloquial dictionary, 2nd edn. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2012. Possession and ownership: A cross-linguistic perspective. In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Possession and ownership: A cross-linguistic typology, pp. 1–64. (Explorations in Linguistic Typology). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W.. 2011. Dependencies between grammatical systems. In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Language at large: Essays on syntax and semantics, pp. 170–204. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar

Ameka, Felix K. 2012. Possessive constructions in Likpe (Sɛkpɛlé). In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Possession and ownership: A cross-linguistic typology, pp. 224–42. (Explorations in Linguistic Typology). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Antzakas, Klimas 2006. The use of negative head movements in Greek Sign Language. In Zeshan, (ed.), pp. 258–69.Google Scholar

Bhat, D. N. S. 2000. The indefinite-interrogative puzzle. Linguistic Typology 4(3): 365–400.Google Scholar

Brentari, Diane. 1998. A prosodic model of sign language phonology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Cecchetto, Carlo, Geraci, Carlo and Zucchi, Sandro. 2009. Another way to mark syntactic dependencies: The case of right-peripheral specifiers in sign languages. Language 85(2): 278–320.Google Scholar

Chen Pichler, Deborah, Schalber, Katharina, Wilbur, Ronnie and Hochgesang, Julie. 2006. Possessives and existentials in three sign languages. Presentation at the Ninth Congress on Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research (TISLR), Florianópolis, Brazil.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 2013. Numeral bases. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.), http://wals.info/chapter/131.Google Scholar

de Vos, Connie. 2012. Sign-spatiality in Kata Kolok: How a village sign language inscribes its signing space. PhD thesis, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.Google Scholar

de Weerdt, Danny and Vermeerbergen, Myriam. 2008. Observations on possessive and existential constructions in Flemish Sign Language. In Zeshan, and Perniss, (eds.), pp. 195–212.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 2012. Basic linguistic theory, Vol. III: Further grammatical topics. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. (eds.). 2002. Word: A cross-linguistic typology. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dryer, Matthew S. and Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). 2013. The world atlas of language structures online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Available online at http://wals.info [Accessed on 8 March 2015].Google Scholar

Enfield, Nicholas and Levinson, Stephen C. (eds.). 2006. Roots of human sociality: Culture, cognition and interaction. Oxford: Berg.Google Scholar

Fischer, Susan D. 2006. Questions and negation in American Sign Language. In Zeshan, (ed.), pp. 165–97.Google Scholar

Gil, David. 2013. Distributive numerals. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.), http://wals.info/chapter/54.Google Scholar

Hammarström, Harald. 2010. Rarities in numeral systems. In Wohlgemuth, Jan and Cysouw, Michael (eds.), Rethinking universals: How rarities affect linguistic theory, pp. 11–60. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

Hanke, Thomas. 2010. Additional rarities in the typology of numerals. In Wohlgemuth, Jan and Cysouw, Michael (eds.), Empirical approaches to language typology: Rethinking universals – How rarities affect linguistic theory, pp. 61–89. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Haspelmath, Martin. 1997. Indefinite pronouns. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Haspelmath, Martin, König, Ekkehard, Oesterreicher, Wulf and Raible, Wolfgang (eds.). 2001. Language typology and language universals: An international handbook. Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd. 1997. Possession: Cognitive forces, sources, and grammaticalisation. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Johnston, Trevor, Vermeerbergen, Myriam, Schembri, Adam and Leeson, Loraine. 2007. Real data are messy: Considering the cross-linguistic analysis of constituent ordering in Australian Sign Language, Vlaamse Gebarentaal and Irish Sign Language. In Perniss, et al. (eds.), pp. 163–206.Google Scholar

Klima, Edward S. and Bellugi, Ursula. 1979. The signs of language. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Lane, Harlan. 1992. The mask of benevolence. New York: Alfred Knopf.Google Scholar

Leeson, Lorraine and Saeed, John I.. 2012. Word order. In Pfau, Roland, Steinbach, Markus and Woll, Bencie (eds.), Sign language: An international handbook, pp. 245–64. Berlin: de Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

Lewis, M. Paul, Simons, Gary F. and Fennig, Charles D. (eds.). 2015. Ethnologue: Languages of the world, 18th edition. Dallas, TX: SIL International. Available online at: www.ethnologue.com. style.Google Scholar

Lutalo-Kiingi, Sam. 2014. A descriptive grammar of morphosyntactic constructions in Ugandan Sign Language (UgSL). PhD thesis, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.Google Scholar

Marsaja, I. Gede. 2008. Desa Kolok: A deaf village and its sign language in Bali, Indonesia. Nijmegen: Ishara Press.Google Scholar

McBurney, Susan Lloyd. 2002. Pronominal reference in signed and spoken languages. Are grammatical categories modality-dependent? In Meier, et al. (eds.), pp. 329–69.Google Scholar

McKee, Rachel. 2006. Aspects of interrogatives and negation in New Zealand Sign Language. In Zeshan, (ed.), pp. 70–90.Google Scholar

McNeill, David (ed.). 2000. Language and gesture. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Meier, Richard, Cormier, Kearsey and Quinto-Pozos, David (eds.). 2002. Modality and structure in signed and spoken languages. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Meir, Irit. 1998. Thematic structure and verb agreement in Israeli Sign Language. PhD dissertation, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.Google Scholar

Napoli, Donna Jo and Sutton-Spence, Rachel. 2014. Order of the major constituents in sign languages: Implications for all language. Frontiers in Psychology 5: 1–18.Google Scholar

Neidle, Carol, Lee, Robert, MacLaughlin, Dawn, Bahan, Ben and Kegl, Judy. 1998. The rightward analysis of WH-movement in ASL: A reply to Petronio and Lillo-Martin. Language 74(4): 819–31.Google Scholar

Nyst, Victoria. 2007. A descriptive analysis of Adamorobe Sign Language (Ghana). Utrecht: LOT.Google Scholar

Nyst, Victoria. 2008. Pointing out possession and existence in Adamorobe Sign Language. In Zeshan, and Perniss, (eds.), pp. 235–52.Google Scholar

Padden, Carol. 1988. Interaction of morphology and syntax in American Sign Language. New York: Garland Publishing.Google Scholar

Padden, Carol and Humphries, Tom. 2006. Inside deaf culture. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Palfreyman, Nick. 2014. Sign language varieties of Indonesia: A linguistic and sociolinguistic investigation. PhD thesis, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.Google Scholar

Perniss, Pamela, Roland Pfau, and Steinbach, Markus. 2007. Visible variation: Comparative studies on sign language structure. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

Perniss, Pamela and Zeshan, Ulrike. 2008. Possessive and existential constructions in Kata Kolok (Bali). In Zeshan, and Perniss, (eds.), pp. 125–49.Google Scholar

Petronio, Karen and Lillo-Martin, Diane. 1997. WH-movement and the position of Spec-CP: Evidence from American Sign Language. Language 73(1): 18–57.Google Scholar

Pfau, Roland. 2015. The grammaticalization of headshakes: From head movement to negative head. In Smith, Andrew, Trousdale, Graeme and Waltereit, Richard (eds.). New directions in grammaticalization research, pp. 9–50. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Pfau, Roland and Steinbach, Markus. 2006a. Modality-independent and modality-specific aspects of grammaticalization in sign languages. Linguistics in Potsdam 24: 5–98.Google Scholar

Pfau, Roland and Steinbach, Markus. 2006b. Pluralization in sign and speech: A cross-modal typological study. Linguistic Typology 10: 135–82.Google Scholar

Pfau, Roland and Steinbach, Markus. 2011. Grammaticalization in sign languages. In Narrog, Heiko and Heine, Bernd (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Grammaticalization, pp. 683–95. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Quer, Josep and GRIN (Gramaticà i Interpretació de Llengua de Signes). 2008. Structures of possession and existence in Catalan Sign Language. In Zeshan, and Perniss, (eds.), pp. 33–53.Google Scholar

Rosenstock, Rachel. 2008. The role of iconicity in International Sign Language. Sign Language Studies 8(2): 131–59.Google Scholar

Sagara, Keiko. 2014. The numeral system of Japanese Sign Language from a cross-linguistic perspective. MPhil dissertation, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UKGoogle Scholar

Sagara, Keiko and Zeshan, Ulrike. 2013. Typology of cardinal numerals and numeral incorporation in sign languages. Poster presented at the Eleventh Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research (TISLR) Conference. University College London, July.Google Scholar

Sandler, Wendy. 1999. The medium and the message: Prosodic interpretation of linguistic content in sign language. Sign Language and Linguistics 2(2): 187–216.Google Scholar

Sandler, Wendy and Lillo-Martin, Diane. 2006. Sign language and linguistic universals. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Steinbach, Markus and Pfau, Roland. 2007. Grammaticalization of auxiliaries in sign languages. In Perniss, et al. (eds.), pp. 303–39.Google Scholar

Stokoe, William C. 1960. Sign language structure: An outline of the visual communication systems of the American deaf. Studies in Linguistics: Occasional papers (No. 8). Department of Anthropology and Linguistics, University of Buffalo.Google Scholar

Streeck, Jürgen, Goodwin, Charles and LeBaron, Curtis (eds.). 2011. Embodied interaction: Language and body in the material world. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Tang, Gladys. 2006. Questions and negatives in Hong Kong Sign Language. In Zeshan, (ed.), pp. 198–224.Google Scholar

Taub, Sarah F. 2001. Language from the body: Iconicity and metaphor in American Sign Language. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Tervoort, Bernard Th. M. 1953. Structurele Analyse van Visueel Taalgebruik binnen een Groep Dove Kinderen [Structural analysis of visual language use in a group of deaf children]. Amsterdam: Noord-Hollandse Uitgevers Maatschappij.Google Scholar

Trask, Robert L. 1996. Historical linguistics. London: Hodder Arnold.Google Scholar

von Mengden, Ferdinand. 2010. Cardinal numerals: Old English from a cross-linguistic perspective. Topics in English Linguistics 67. Berlin and New York: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

Yang, Junhui and Fischer, Susan D.. 2002. Expressing negation in Chinese Sign Language. Sign Language and Linguistics 5(2): 167–202.Google Scholar

Yau, Shun-chiu. 1992. Creations gestuelle et debuts du langage: Creation de langues gestuelles chez des sourds isoles. Paris: Éditions Langages Croisés.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike. 2000. Sign language in Indopakistan: A description of a signed Language. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike. 2002. Towards a notion of ‘word’ in sign languages. In Dixon, and Aikhenvald, (eds.), pp. 153–79.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike. 2004a. Hand, head and face: negative constructions in sign languages. Linguistic Typology 8(1): 1–58.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike. 2004b. Interrogative constructions in signed languages: Cross-linguistic perspectives. Language 80(1): 7–39.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike. 2013. Sign languages. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.), http://wals.info/chapter/54.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike. 2014. Distinctive features of Indian Sign Language in comparison to foreign sign languages. In Grover, Nisha, Bhattacharys, Tanmoy and Randhawa, Surinder (eds.), The sign language(s) of India, pp. 6–22. (Vol. 38 of the People’s Linguistic Survey of India). Bhasha Research and Publication Centre: Orient Blackswan.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike. (ed.). 2006. Interrogative and negative constructions in sign languages. (Sign Language Typology Series No. 1). Nijmegen: Ishara Press.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike and Perniss, Pamela (eds.). 2008. Possessive and existential constructions in sign languages. (Sign Language Typology Series No. 2). Nijmegen: Ishara Press.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike and de Vos, Connie (eds.). 2012. Sign languages in village communities: Anthropological and linguistic insights. (Sign Language Typology Series No. 4). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton; Nijmegen: Ishara Press.Google Scholar

Zeshan, Ulrike and Sagara, Keiko (eds.). 2016. Semantic fields in sign languages: Colour, kinship and quantification. (Sign Language Typology Series No. 6). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton; Nijmegen: Ishara Press.Google Scholar

Ulrike, Zeshan, Escobedo Delgado, Cesar Ernesto, Dikyuva, Hasan, Panda, Sibaji and de Vos, Connie. 2013. Cardinal numerals in village sign languages: Approaching cross-modal typology. Linguistic Typology 17(3): 357–96.Google Scholar

Adamou, Evangelia and Granqvist, Kimmo. 2014. Unevenly mixed Romani languages. International Journal of Bilingualism. Pre-published online 27 March 2014. doi: 10.1177/1367006914524645.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2002. Language contact in Amazonia. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2006a. Grammars in contact: A cross-linguistic perspective. In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Grammars in contact: A cross-linguistic typology, pp. 1–66. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2006b. Semantics and pragmatics of grammatical relations in the Vaupés linguistic area. In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Grammars in contact: A cross-linguistic typology, pp. 237–66. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2012. The languages of the Amazon. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2014. Language contact, and language blend: Kumandene Tariana of north-west Amazonia International Journal of American Linguistics 80: 323–70.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.). 2001. Areal diffusion and genetic inheritance: Problems in comparative linguistics. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Ansaldo, Umberto and Matthews, Stephen. 1999. The Minnan substrate and creolization in Baba Malay. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 27(1): 38–68.Google Scholar

Auer, Peter. 1999. From codeswitching via language mixing to fused lects: Toward a dynamic typology of bilingual speech. International Journal of Bilingualism 3(4): 309–32.Google Scholar

Auer, Peter. 2014. Language mixing and language fusion: When bilingual talk becomes monolingual. In Besters-Dilger, J., Dermarkar, C., Pfänder, S. and Rabus, A. (eds.), Congruence in contact-induced language change, pp. 294–336. Berlin: de Gruyter (= Linguae et Litterae Bd. 27).Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. 1994. Michif, the Cree-French mixed language of the Métis buffalo hunters in Canada. In Bakker, and Mous, (eds.), pp. 13–33.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. 1997. A language of our own: The genesis of Michif, the mixed Cree-French language of the Canadian Métis. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. 1998. Para-Romani languages versus secret languages: differences in origin, structure and use. In Matras, (ed.), pp. 69–96.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. 1999. The Northern branch of Romani: Mixed and non-mixed varieties. In Halwachs, Dieter and Menz, Florian (eds.), Die Sprache der Roma: Perspektiven der Romani-Forschung in Österreich im interdisziplinären und internazionalen Kontext, pp. 172–209. Klagenfurt, Austria: Drava Verlag.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. 2003a. Purism and mixed languages. In Brincat, Joseph, Boeder, Winfried and Stolz, Thomas (eds.), Purism, in minor languages, endangered languages, regional languages, mixed languages: Papers from the conference ‘Purism in the Age of Globalisation,’ Bremen, September 2001, pp. 98–139. (Diversitas Linguarum 2). Bochum, Germany: Universitätsverlag Dr. N. Brockmeyer.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. 2003b. Mixed languages as autonomous systems. In Matras, and Bakker, (eds.), pp. 107–50.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. 2009. The Saramaccan lexicon: Verbs. In Selbach, Rachel, Cardoso, Hugo C. and van den Berg, Margot (eds.), Gradual creolization: Studies celebrating Jacques Arends, pp. 155–72. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. 2013. Mixed languages. Oxford Bibliographies online. Oxford University Press. Available at: www.oxfordbibliographies.com.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. Forthcoming. Seven centuries of language contact around the Caribbean sea: connections between pidgins, mixed languages and a genderlect.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter and Cortiade, Marcel. 1991. In the margin of Romani: Gypsy languages in contact. (Publikaties van het Instituut voor Algemene Taalwetenschap 58, Studies in Language Contact I). Amsterdam: Instituut voor Algemene Taalwetenschap.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter and Fleury, Norman. 2004. Learn Michif by Listening. Audio CD produced by Bakker, Peter and Fleury, Norman. Michif Language Program, Manitoba Metis Federation.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter and Mous, Maarten. 1994. Introduction. In Bakker, and Mous, (eds.), pp 1–11.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter and Mous, Maarten (eds.). 1994. Mixed languages: 15 case studies in language intertwining. Amsterdam: IFOTT.Google Scholar

Beaujard, Philippe. 1998. Le parler secret arabico-malgache du sud-est de Madagascar. Paris: L’Harmattan.Google Scholar

Beaujard, Philippe. 2007. Les manuscrits arabico-malgaches (sorabe) du pays antemoro (Sud-Est de Madagascar). In Hamès, C. (ed.), Coran et talismans: Textes et pratiques magiques en milieu musulman, pp. 219–65. Paris: Karthala.Google Scholar

Bentahila, A. and Davies, E. E.. 1983. The syntax of Arabic-French code-switching. Lingua 59: 301–30.Google Scholar

Boretzky, Norbert. 1998. Der Romani-Wortschatz in den Romani-Misch-Dialekten. In Matras, Yaron (ed.), The Romani element in non-standard speech, pp. 97–132. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar

Boretzky, Norbert and Igla, Birgit. 1994. Romani mixed dialects. In Bakker, and Mous, (eds.), pp. 36–68.Google Scholar

Broch, Ingvild and Jahr, Ernst Håkon. 1981. Russenorsk: et Pidginspråk i Norge. (Tromsø Studier i Språkvitenskap 3). Oslo: Novus.Google Scholar

Broch, Ingvild and Jahr, Ernst Håkon. 1984. Russenorsk: A new look at the Russo-Norwegian Pidgin in northern Norway. In Ureland, P. S. and Clarkson, I. (eds.), Scandinavian language contacts, pp. 21–65. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Carling, Gerd, Ambrazaitis, Gilbert and Lindell, Lenny. 2014. Scandoromani: Remnants of a mixed language. Leiden: E. J. Brill.Google Scholar

Chia, Felix. 1980. The Babas. Singapore: Times Books.Google Scholar

Collins, James T. 1980. Laha, a language of the Central Moluccas. Indonesia Circle 23: 3–19.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 1989. Genetic classification, contact, and variation. In Walsh, Thomas J. (ed.), Synchronic and diachronic approaches to linguistic variation and change, pp. 81–93. (Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics 1988). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 2000. Language contact, lexical borrowing, and semantic fields. In Gilbers, Dicky, Nerbonne, John and Schaeken, Jos (eds.), Languages in contact, pp. 73–86. (Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics 28). Amsterdam: Rodopi.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 2008. Inflectional morphology and language contact, with special reference to mixed languages. In Siemund, Peter and Kintana, Noemi (eds.), Language contact and contact languages, pp. 15–32. (Hamburg Studies on Multilingualism 7). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Croft, William. 2000. Explaining language change: An evolutionary approach. Harlow, UK: Longman.Google Scholar

Croft, William. 2003. Mixed languages and acts of identity: An evolutionary approach. In Matras, and Bakker, (eds.), pp. 41–72.Google Scholar

Daval-Markussen, Aymeric. 2014. First steps towards a typological profile of creoles. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 45(2): 274–95.Google Scholar

Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. 1995. Do some languages have a multi-genetic or non-genetic origin? An exercise in taxonomy. In Nicolaï, Robert and Rottland, Franz (eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth Nilo-Saharan Conference, Nice, 1992, pp. 354–69. Cologne: Rüdiger Koppe.Google Scholar

Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. 2011. Historical linguistics and the comparative study of African languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 1980. The languages of Australia. (Cambridge Language Surveys). Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dreyfuss, Gail R. and Oka, Djoehana. 1979. Chinese Indonesian: A new kind of language hybrid? Papers in Pidgin and Creole Linguistics (Pacific Linguistics) A-57: 247–74.Google Scholar

Dunn, Michael. 2014. Gender determined dialect variation. In Corbett, G. G. (ed.), The expression of gender, pp. 39–68 Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Dunn, M., Terrill, A., Reesink, G., Foley, R. A. and Levinson, S. C.. 2005. Structural phylogenetics and the reconstruction of ancient language history. Science 309(5743): 2072–5.Google Scholar

Evans, D. 1982. On coexistence and convergence of two phonological systems in Michif. Workpapers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota 26: 158–73.Google Scholar

Field, Fredric W. 2002. Linguistic borrowing in bilingual contexts. Foreword by Comrie, Bernard. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Fleming, Luke. 2012. Gender indexicality in the Native Americas: Contributions to the typology of social indexicality. Language in Society 41: 295–320.Google Scholar

Foley, William A. 2013. Yimas-Arafundi Pidgin. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.), pp. 105–13.Google Scholar

Giesbers, Herman. 1995. Dutch-Indonesian language mixing in Jakarta. In den Dikken, Marcel and Hengeveld, Kees (eds.), Linguistics in the Netherlands 1995, pp. 89–100. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Goddard, Cliff. 2011. Semantic analysis: A practical introduction, revised 2nd edn. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Golovko, Evgeniy V. and Vakhtin, Nikolai. 1990. Aleut in contact: The CIA enigma. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 72: 97–125.Google Scholar

Good, Jeff. 2004. Tone and accent in Saramaccan: Charting a deep split in the phonology of a language. Lingua 114: 575–619.Google Scholar

Good, Jeff. 2005. Split prosody and creole simplicity: The case of Saramaccan. Journal of Portuguese Linguistics 3: 11–30.Google Scholar

Good, Jeff. 2009. A twice-mixed creole? Tracing the history of a prosodic split in the Saramaccan lexicon. Studies in Language 33: 459–98.Google Scholar

Grant, Anthony P. 2001. Language intertwining. In Smith, Norval and Veenstra, Tonjes (eds.), Creolization and contact, pp. 81–112. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Grant, Anthony P. 2009. Admixture, structural transmission, simplicity and complexity. In Faraclas, Nicholas and Klein, Thomas (eds.), Simplicity and complexity in creoles and pidgins, pp. 125–52. London: Battlebridge Publications.Google Scholar

Greenberg, Joseph H. 1999. Are there mixed languages? In Fleishman, L., Gasparov, M., Nikolaeva, T., Ospovat, A., Toporov, V., Vigazin, A., Vroon, R. and Zalizniak, A. (eds.), Essays in poetics, literary history and linguistics presented to Viacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov on the occasion of his seventieth birthday, pp. 626–33. Moscow: OGI.Google Scholar

Gruiter, V. E. 1990. Het Javindo: De verboden taal, 2nd edn. The Hague: Moesson.Google Scholar

Gruiter, Miel. 1994. Javindo: A contact language in pre-war Semarang. In Bakker, and Mous, (eds.), pp. 151–59.Google Scholar

Gumperz, John J. and Wilson, Robert. 1971. Convergence and creolization: A case from the Indo-Aryan/Dravidian border in India. In Hymes, Dell H. (ed.), Pidginization and creolization of languages, pp. 151–67. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hale, Kenneth, 1991. Misumalpan verb sequencing constructions. In Lefebvre, C. (ed.), Serial verbs: Grammatical, comparative and cognitive approaches, pp. 1–35. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Haspelmath, Martin and Tadmor, Uri (eds.). 2009. Loanwords in the world’s languages: A comparative handbook. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

Haviland, John. 1979. Guugu Yimidhirr brother-in-law language. Language in Society 8: 365–93.Google Scholar

Hayasi, Tooru. 2012. Foreign and indigenous properties in the vocabulary of Eynu, a secret language spoken in the south of Taklamakan. In Robbeets, Martine and Johanson, Lars (eds.), Copies versus cognates in bound morphology, pp. 381–94. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd and Kuteva, Tania. 2005. Language contact and grammatical change. (Cambridge Approaches to Language Contact 3). Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hentschel, Gerd and Zaprudski, Siarhej (eds.). 2008. Belarusian Trasjanka and Ukrainian Surzyk: Structural and social aspects of their description and categorization. Oldenburg: Studia Slavica Oldenburgensia 28.Google Scholar

Hoff, Berend. 1994. Island Carib, an Arawakan language which incorporated a lexical register of Cariban origin, used to address men. In Bakker, and Mous, (eds.), pp. 161–8.Google Scholar

Huttar, George and Velantie, Frank. 1997. Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin. In Thomason, Sarah G. (ed.), Contact languages: A wider perspective, pp. 99–124. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Jacobs, Bart. 2012. Origins of a creole: The history of Papiamentu and its African ties. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Janhunen, J., Peltomaa, M., Sandman, E. and Dongzhuo, Xiawu. 2008. Wutun. Munich: Lincom Europa.Google Scholar

Johanson, Lars. 2013. Written language intertwining. In Bakker, and Matras, (eds.), pp. 279–338.Google Scholar

Jones, Caroline and Meakins, Felicity. 2013. Variation in Voice Onset Time in stops in Gurindji Kriol: Picture naming and conversational speech. Australian Journal of Linguistics 33(2): 196–220.Google Scholar

Kiessling, Roland and Mous, Maarten. 2004. Urban youth languages in Africa. Anthropological Linguistics 46(3): 303–41.Google Scholar

Kirk, John M. and Ó Baoill, Dónall P. (eds.) 2002. Travellers and their language. (Belfast Studies in Language, Culture and Politics 4). Belfast: Queen’s University.Google Scholar

Kouwenberg, Silvia. 1994. A grammar of Berbice Dutch. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Kouwenberg, Silvia. 2012. The Ijo-derived lexicon of Berbice Dutch Creole: an a-typical case of African lexical influence. In Bartens, Angela and Baker, Philip (eds.), Black through white: African words and calques in creoles and transplanted European languages, pp. 135–44. London: Battlebridge.Google Scholar

Kouwenberg, Silvia. 2013. Berbice Dutch. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.), pp. 275–84.Google Scholar

Ladstätter, Otto and Tietze, Andreas. 1994. Die Abdal (Äynu) in Xinjiang. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.Google Scholar

Lee, Nala Huiying. 2014. A grammar of Baba Malay: With sociophonetic considerations. Dissertation, University of Hawai‘i.Google Scholar

Lefebvre, Claire. 1998. Creole genesis and the acquisition of grammar: The case of Haitian Creole. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Lessiak, Primus. 1944. Die deutsche Mundart von Zarz in Oberkrain. A. Grammatik. Weimar: Böhlau.Google Scholar

Matras, Yaron. 1998. Para-Romani revisited. In Matras, (ed.), pp. 1–27.Google Scholar

Matras, Yaron. 1998. (ed.) The Romani element in non-standard speech. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar

Matras, Yaron. 2000. Mixed languages: A functional-communicative approach. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 3(2): 79–99.Google Scholar

Matras, Yaron. 2010. Romani in Britain: The afterlife of a language. Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar

Matras, Yaron and Bakker, Peter (eds.). 2003. The mixed language debate: Theoretical and empirical advances. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Matras, Yaron, Gardner, Hazel, Jones, Charlotte, and Schulman, Veronica. 2007. Angloromani: A different kind of language? Anthropological Linguistics 49(2): 142–64.Google Scholar

Meakins, Felicity. 2011. Borrowing contextual inflection: Evidence from northern Australia. Morphology 21(1): 57–87.Google Scholar

Meakins, Felicity. 2012. Which mix? Code-switching or a mixed language: Gurindji Kriol. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 27(1): 105–40.Google Scholar

Meakins, Felicity. 2013. Gurindji Kriol. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.), pp. 131–9.Google Scholar

Meakins, Felicity, and McConvell, Patrick. 2005. Gurindji Kriol: A mixed language emerges from code-switching. Australian Journal of Linguistics 25(1): 9–30.Google Scholar

Meakins, Felicity and O’Shannessy, Carmel. 2005. Possessing variation: Age and inalienability related variables in the possessive constructions of two Australian mixed languages. Monash University Linguistics Papers 4(2): 43–63.Google Scholar

Meakins, Felicity and O’Shannessy, Carmel. 2010. Ordering arguments about: Word order and discourse motivations in the development and use of the ergative marker in two Australian mixed languages. Lingua 120(7): 1693–713.Google Scholar

Michaelis, Susanne Maria, Maurer, Philippe, Haspelmath, Martin and Huber, Magnus (eds.). 2013. The atlas of pidgin and creole language structures. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Mous, Maarten. 1994. Ma’a or Mbugu. In Bakker, and Mous, (eds.), pp. 175–200.Google Scholar

Mous, Maarten. 2001a. Ma’a as an ethnoregister of Mbugu. In Nurse, Derek (ed.), Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika (SUGIA) 16/17, pp. 293–320. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe.Google Scholar

Mous, Maarten. 2001b. Paralexification in language intertwining. In Smith, Norval and Veenstra, Tonjes (eds.), Creolization and Contact, pp. 113–23. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Mous, Maarten. 2003a. The making of a mixed language: The case of Ma’a/Mbugu. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Mous, Maarten. 2003b. The linguistic properties of lexical manipulation and its relevance for Ma’a and for mixed languages in general. In Matras, and Bakker, (eds.), pp. 209–35.Google Scholar

Muysken, Pieter. 1981. Halfway between Quechua and Spanish: The case for relexification. In Highfield, Arnold and Valdman, Albert (eds.), Historicity and variation in creole studies, pp. 52–78. Ann Arbor, MI: Karoma.Google Scholar

Muysken, Pieter. 1997a. Media Lengua. In Thomason, Sarah Grey (ed.), Contact languages: A wider perspective, pp. 365–426. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Muysken, Pieter. 1997b. Callahuaya. In Thomason, Sarah Grey (ed.), Contact languages: A wider perspective, pp. 427–47. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Muysken, Pieter. 2000. Bilingual speech: A typology of code-mixing. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Muysken, Pieter. 2007. Mixed codes. In Auer, Peter and Wei, Li (eds.), Handbook of multilingualism and multilingual communication, pp. 315–39. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Muysken, Pieter. 2008. Functional categories. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1992. Codeswitching as a mechanism of deep borrowing, language shift, and language death. In Brenzinger, M. (ed.), Language death: Factual and theoretical explorations with special references to East Africa, pp. 31–58. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Myers-Scotton, Carol. 2003. What lies beneath: Split (mixed) languages as contact phenomena. In Matras, and Bakker, (eds.), pp. 73–106.Google Scholar

Nordhoff, Sebastian. 2009. A grammar of Upcountry Sri Lanka Malay. Utrecht: LOT.Google Scholar

Nortier, Jacomine and Dorleijn, Margreet. 2013. Multi-ethnolects: Kebabnorsk, Perkerdansk, Verlan, Kanakensprache, Straattaal, etc. In Bakker, and Matras, (eds.), pp. 235–78.Google Scholar

Operstein, Natalie. 2015. Contact-genetic linguistics: Toward a contact-based theory of language change. Language Sciences 48: 1–15.Google Scholar

O’Shannessy, Carmel. 2011. Young children’s social meaning-making in a new mixed language. In Eickelkamp, Ute (ed.), Growing up in central Australia: New anthropological studies of Aboriginal childhood and adolescence, pp. 131–55. New York: Berghahn.Google Scholar

Owens, Jonathan. 2001. Creole Arabic: The orphan of all orphans. Anthropological Linguistics 43(3): 348–78.Google Scholar

Papen, Robert A. 1987. Le metif: le nec plus ultra des grammaires en contact. Revue québecoise de linguistique theorique et appliquée 6(2): 57–70.Google Scholar

Papen, Robert A. 2003. Michif: One phonology or two? University of British Columbia working papers in linguistics (UBCWPL) 12: 47–58.Google Scholar

Papen, Robert A. 2005. Le mitchif: langue franco-crie des plaines. In Valdman, A., Auger, J. and Piston-Hatlen, D. (eds.), Le Français en Amérique du Nord: État present, pp. 327–47. Québec: Presses de l’Université Laval.Google Scholar

Papen, Robert A. 2011. Un nours, un zours, un lours? La question de la liaison en mitchif. In Martineau, F. and Nadasdi, T. (eds.), Le français en contact: Hommages à Raymond Mougeon, pp. 217–45. Québec: Presses de l’Université Laval.Google Scholar

Perekhvalskaya, Elena. 2013. Chinese Pidgin Russian. In Michaelis, Susanne Maria, Maurer, Philippe, Haspelmath, Martin and Huber, Magnus (eds.), The survey of pidgin and creole languages, Vol. III: Contact languages based on languages from Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas, pp. 69–76. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Pohl, Heinz-Dieter. 1995. Slowenischer-Deutscher Sprachkontakt in Krain. Bemerkungen zur ‘Hubner Mischsprache’. In Sornig, Klaus et al. (eds.), Linguistics with a human face: Festschrift für Norman Denison zum 70. Geberstag, pp. 315–322. Grazer Linguistische Monographien 10. Graz: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft.Google Scholar

Prichard, Hilary and Shwayder, Kobey. 2013. Against a split phonology of Michif. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics 20(1): 1–10.Google Scholar

Reesink, Ger. 2005. Sulka of East New Britain: A mixture of Oceanic and Papuan traits. Oceanic Linguistics 44: 145–93.Google Scholar

Rhodes, Richard. 1977. French Cree – a case of borrowing. In Cowan, W. (ed.), Actes du huitième congrès des algonquinistes, pp. 6–25. Ottawa. Carleton University.Google Scholar

Rhodes, Richard. 2009. The phonological history of Métchif. In Baronian, Luc and Martineau, France (eds.), Le Français d’un continent à l’autre: Mélanges offerst à Charles Morin, pp. 423–42. Québec: Presses de l’Université Laval.Google Scholar

Rose, Françoise. 2015. On male and female speech and more: A typology of categorical gender indexicality in indigenous South American languages. International Journal of American Languages 81: 495–537.Google Scholar

Rosen, Nicole. 2000. Non-stratification in Michif. MA thesis, University of Toronto.Google Scholar

Rosen, Nicole. 2007. Domains in Michif phonology. PhD thesis, University of Toronto.Google Scholar

Ross, Malcolm D. 1996. Contact-induced change and the comparative method: Cases from Papua New Guinea. In Durie, Mark and Ross, Malcolm D. (eds.), The comparative method reviewed: Regularity and irregularity in language change, pp. 180–217. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Ross, Malcolm D. 2001. Contact-induced change in Oceanic: Languages in North-West Melanesia. In Aikhenvald, and Dixon, (eds.), pp. 134–66.Google Scholar

Ross, Malcolm D. 2006. Metatypy. In Brown, Keith (ed.), Encyclopedia of language and linguistics, Vol. VIII, pp. 95–9. Oxford: Elsevier.Google Scholar

Ross, Malcolm D. 2007. Calquing and metatypy. Journal of Language Contact: Thema 1: 116–43.Google Scholar

Sasse, Hans Jürgen. 1992. Theory of language death. In Brenzinger, M. (ed.), Language death: Factual and theoretical explorations with special references to East Africa, pp. 7–30. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Schuchardt, Hugo. 1883. Kreolische Studien III: Ueber das Malaiospanische der Philippinen. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Wien 105: 111–50.Google Scholar

Sekerina, Irina A. 1994. Copper Island (Mednyj) Aleut (CIA): A mixed language. Languages of the World 8: 14–31.Google Scholar

Smith, Ian R. 1979. Convergence in South Asia: A creole example. Lingua 48: 193–222.Google Scholar

Smith, Norval. 1987. The genesis of the creole languages of Surinam. Dissertation, University of Amsterdam.Google Scholar

Smith, Norval. 1994. An annotated list of creoles, pidgins, and mixed languages. In Arends, J., Muysken, P. and Smith, Norval (eds.), Pidgins and creoles, pp. 331–74. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Smith, Norval. 2012. Saramaccan, a very mixed language: Systematicity in the distribution of function words? Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Univerdade do Porto 7: 89–100.Google Scholar

Smith, N. and Cardoso, H.. 2004. A new look at the Portuguese element in Saramaccan. Journal of Portuguese Linguistics 3: 115–47.Google Scholar

Smith, Norval, Robertson, Ian E. and Williamson, Kay. 1987. The Ijo element in Berbice Dutch. Language in Society 16: 49–90.Google Scholar

Steinkrüger, Patrick. 2008. Hispanisation processes in the Philippines. In Stolz, Thomas, Bakker, Dik and Palomo, Rosa Salas (eds.), Hispanisation: The impact of Spanish on the lexicon and grammar of the indigenous languages of Austronesia and the Americas, pp. 203–36. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Swadesh, Morris. 1971. The origin and diversification of language. Edited post mortem by Sherzer, Joel. Chicago: Aldine.Google Scholar

Tadmor, Uri. 1995. Language contact and systemic restructuring: The Malay dialect of Nonthaburi, central Thailand. PhD dissertation University of Hawai‘i.Google Scholar

Tadmor, Uri. 2004. Dialect endangerment: The case of Nonthaburi Malay. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 160(4): 511–31.Google Scholar

Tadmor, Uri. 2009. Loanwords in the world’s Languages: Findings and results. In Haspelmath, and Tadmor, (eds.), pp. 55–75.Google Scholar

Thomason, Sarah G. 1995. Language mixture: Ordinary processes, extraordinary results. In Silva-Corvalán, C. (ed.), Spanish in four continents: Studies in language contact and bilingualism, pp. 15–33. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar

Thomason, Sarah G. 1997. A typology of contact languages. In Spears, A. K. and Winford, D. (eds.), The structure and status of pidgins and creoles, pp. 71–88. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Thomason, Sarah G. 2001. Language contact: An introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar

Thomason, Sarah G. 2003. Social factors and linguistic processes in the emergence of stable mixed languages. In Matras, and Bakker, (eds.), pp. 21–39.Google Scholar

Thomason, Sarah Grey and Kaufman, Terrence. 1988. Language contact, creolization, and genetic linguistics. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Tryon, Darrell. 2000. Ngatikese Pidgin. In Fischer, Steven Roger and Sperlich, Wolfgang B. (eds.), Leo Pasifika: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics, Niue 5th – 9th July 1999, pp. 364–79. Auckland: Institute of Polynesian languages and Literatures.Google Scholar

Vakhtin, Nikolai. 1998. Copper Island Aleut: A case of language endangerment. In Grenoble, L. A. and Whaley, L. J. (eds.), Endangered languages: Language loss and community response, pp. 317–27. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Van Driem, George. 2001. Languages of the Himalayas: An ethnolinguistic handbook of the Greater Himalayan region. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar

Van Gijn, Rik. 2009. The phonology of mixed languages. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 24(1): 91–117.Google Scholar

Versteegh, Kees. 2001. Arabic in Madagascar. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 64(2): 177–87.Google Scholar

Voorhoeve, Jan. 1957. The verbal system in Sranan. Lingua 6: 374–96.Google Scholar

Wakama, Carol Gloria. 1999. A mixed language in Okrika. MA thesis, University of Harcourt, Nigeria.Google Scholar

Yarshater, Ehsan. 1977. The hybrid language of the Jewish communities of Persia. Journal of the American Oriental Society 97(1): 1–7.Google Scholar

Aboh, Enoch O. 2014. Les constructions verbales en série existent-elles vraiment? Paper presented at the 14th International Colloquium of Creole Studies – CIEC2014, ‘Creoles studies: issues and prospects’, Aix-en-Provence, France, 29–31 October 2014.Google Scholar

Aboh, Enoch O. and Smith, Norval. 2015. Non-iconic reduplications in Eastern Gbe and Surinam. In Muysken, Pieter C. and Smith, Norval (eds.), Surviving the Middle Passage, pp. 241–60. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

Aboh, Enoch O., Smith, Norval and Zribi-Hertz, Anne (eds.). 2012. The morphosyntax of reiteration in creole and non-creole languages. (Creole Language Library 43). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Aboh, Enoch O., Veenstra, Tonjes and Smith, Norval. 2013. Saramaccan structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/3 [Accessed on 11.11.2014].Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2000. Classifiers: A typology of noun categorization devices. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2006. Serial verb constructions in typological perspective. In Aikhenvald, and Dixon, (eds.), pp. 1–68.Google Scholar

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.). 2006. Serial verb constructions: A cross-linguistic typology. (Explorations in Linguistic Typology 2). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Baker, Philip. 1990. Off target? Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 5(1): 107–19.Google Scholar

Baker, Philip. 2001. No creolisation without prior pidginisation? Te Reo 44: 31–50.Google Scholar

Baker, Philip. 2003. Reduplication in Mauritian Creole with notes on reduplication in Reunion Creole. In Kouwenberg, (ed.), pp. 211–18.Google Scholar

Baker, Philip and Kriegel, Sibylle. 2013. Mauritian Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/55 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter. 2008. Pidgins versus Creoles and Pidgincreoles. In Kouwenberg, Silvia and Singler, John (eds.), Handbook of pidgin and creole studies, pp. 130–57. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter and Daval-Markussen, Aymeric. Forthcoming. Creole typology: A cross-linguistic profile of creole languages. To appear in Language and Linguistics Compass.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter, Daval-Markussen, Aymeric, Parkvall, Mikael and Plag, Ingo. 2011. Creoles are typologically distinct from non-creoles. In Bhatt, and Veenstra, (eds.), pp. 5–42.Google Scholar

Bakker, Peter, Finn, Borchenius, Levisen, Carsten, Sippola, Eeva (eds.). 2016. Creole languages, phylogenetic approaches. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Baptista, Marlyse. 2007. On the syntax and semantics of DP in Cape Verdean Creole. In Baptista, and Guéron, (eds.), pp. 61–105.Google Scholar

Baptista, Marlyse. 2013. Cape Verdean Creole of Brava structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/31 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Baptista, Marlyse and Guéron, Jacqueline (eds.). 2007. Noun phrases in creole languages: A multi-faceted approach. (Creole Language Library 31). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Bartens, Angela. 2013a. Nicaraguan Creole English structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/11 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Bartens, Angela. 2013b. San Andres Creole English structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/10 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Baxter, Alan N. 2013. Papiá Kristang structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/42 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Bergsland, Knut and Vogt, Hans. 1962. On the validity of glottochronology. Current Anthropology 3(2): 115–53.Google Scholar

Bhatt, Parth and Plag, Ingo (eds.). 2006. The structure of creole words: segmental, syllabic and morphological aspects. (Linguistische Arbeiten 505). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Google Scholar

Bhatt, Parth and Veenstra, Tonjes (eds.). 2011. Creoles and linguistic typology. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Reprinted as Bhatt and Veenstra 2013. (Benjamins Current Topics 57).Google Scholar

Biagui, Noël Bernard and Quint, Nicolas. 2013. Casamancese Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/34 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Bickerton, Derek. 1981. Roots of language. Ann Arbor, MI: Karoma.Google Scholar

Bickerton, Derek. 1984. The Language Bioprogram Hypothesis. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7(2): 173–221.Google Scholar

Bollée, Annegret. 2013. Reunion Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/54 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Booij, Geert and van Marle, Japp (eds.). 2003. Yearbook of morphology 2002. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.Google Scholar

Brousseau, Anne-Marie. 2011. Mesure de la productivité morphologique des créoles: au-delà des méthodes quantitatives. The Canadian Journal of Linguistics / La revue canadienne de linguistique 56(1): 61–86.Google Scholar

Bruyn, Adrienne. 2009. Grammaticalization in creoles: Ordinary and not-so-ordinary cases. Studies in Language 33(2): 312–37.Google Scholar

Cardoso, Hugo C. 2013. Diu Indo-Portuguese structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/39 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Chaudenson, Robert. 1974. Le lexique du parler créole de la Réunion, Vol. I. Paris: Honoré Champion.Google Scholar

Clements, J. Clancy. 1990. Deletion as an indicator of SVO → SOV shift. Language Variation and Change 2(2): 103–33.Google Scholar

Clements, J. Clancy. 1996. The genesis of a language: The formation and development of Korlai Portuguese. (Creole Language Library 16). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Clements, J. Clancy. 2013. Korlai structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/40 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Colot, Serge and Ludwig, Ralph 2013a. Guadeloupean Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/50 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Colot, Serge and Ludwig, Ralph 2013b. Martinican Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/51 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard. 2011. Creoles and language typology. In Lefebvre, (ed.), pp. 599–611.Google Scholar

Comrie, Bernard and Kuteva, Tania. 2013. Relativization on subjects. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/122 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Cunningham, Irma Ewing, Aloyce. 1970. A syntactic analysis of Sea Island Creole (‘Gullah’). PhD dissertation, University of Michigan.Google Scholar

Cysouw, Michael (ed.). 2008. Using the World atlas of language structures. Special issue of Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (STUF) 61(3).Google Scholar

Dahl, Östen. 2004. The growth and maintenance of linguistic complexity. (Studies in Language Companion Series 71). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Dale, Rick and Lupyan, Gary. 2012. Understanding the origins of morphological diversity: the linguistic niche hypothesis. Advances in Complex Systems 15(3–4): 1150017/1–1150017/16.Google Scholar

Daval-Markussen, Aymeric. 2014. First steps towards a typological profile of creoles. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 45(2): 274–95.Google Scholar

Daval-Markussen, Aymeric and Bakker, Peter. Forthcoming. Creole typology: Are there typical creole features? To appear in Language and Linguistics Compass.Google Scholar

DeGraff, Michel. 2001. Morphology in creole genesis: Linguistics and ideology. In Kenstowicz, Michael (ed.), Ken Hale: A Life in Language, pp. 53–121. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

DeGraff, Michel. 2003. Against creole exceptionalism. Language 79(2): 391–410.Google Scholar

DeGraff, Michel. 2007. Haitian Creole. In Holm, and Patrick, (eds.), pp. 101–26.Google Scholar

DeGraff, Michel. 2009. Language acquisition in creolization and, thus, language change: Some Cartesian-Uniformitarian boundary conditions. Language and Linguistics Compass 3/4: 888–971.Google Scholar

Delplanque, Alain. 1998. Le mythe des ‘séries verbales’. Faits de langues 6(11–12): 231–50.Google Scholar

Devonish, Hubert and Thompson, Dahlia. 2013. Creolese structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/5 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Dryer, Matthew S. 2013a. Indefinite articles. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/38 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Dryer, Matthew S. 2013b. Negative morphemes. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/112 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Dryer, Matthew S. 2013c. Position of tense-aspect affixes. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/69 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Dryer, Matthew S. and Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). 2013. The world atlas of language structures online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. wals.info/.Google Scholar

Dunn, Michael, Terrill, Angela, Reesink, Ger, Foley, Robert A. and Levinson, Stephen C.. 2005. Structural phylogenetics and the reconstruction of ancient language history. Science 309: 2072–5.Google Scholar

Ehrhart, Sabine and Revis, Melanie. 2013. Tayo structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/57 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Escure, Geneviève. 2013. Belizean Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at apics-online.info/contributions/9 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Faarlund, Jan Terje. 2002. Syntactic development from Old Nordic to Early Modern Nordic. In Bandle, Oscar, Braunmüller, Kurt, Jahr, Ernst Håkon and Karker, Allan (eds.), The Nordic languages: An international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages, Vol. II, pp. 1149–61. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Faraclas, Nicholas. 2013. Nigerian Pidgin structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/17 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Farquharson, Joseph T. 2007. Creole morphology revisited. In Ansaldo, Umberto, Matthews, Stephen and Lim, Lisa (eds.), Deconstructing creole, pp. 21–37. (Typological Studies in Language 73). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Farquharson, Joseph T. 2013. Jamaican structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/8 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Fattier, Dominique. 2013. Haitian Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/49 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Finney, Malcolm Awadajin. 2013. Krio structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/15 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Gabelentz, Georg. 1901. Die Sprachwissenschaft: ihre Aufgaben, Methoden und bisherigen Ergebnisse, 2nd edn. Leipzig: Weigel.Google Scholar

Gil, David. 2013. Numeral classifiers. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/55 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Givón, Talmy. 1979. Prolegomena to any sane creology. In Hancock, Ian F. (ed.), Readings in creole studies, pp. 3–35. Ghent: Story-Scientia.Google Scholar

Givón, Talmy. 1981. On the development of the numeral ‘one’ as an indefinite marker. Folia Linguistica Historica 2(1): 35–53.Google Scholar

Givón, Talmy. 1984. Syntax: A functional-typological introduction, Vol. I. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Good, Jeff. 2012. Typologizing grammatical complexities or why creoles may be paradigmatically simple but syntagmatically average. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 27(1): 1–47.Google Scholar

Grant, Anthony. 2008. Comparative creole typology and the search for the sources of Mauritian Creole features. In Baker, Philip and Sing, Guillaume Fon (eds.), The making of Mauritian Creole: Analyses diachroniques à partir des textes anciens, pp. 197–220. (Westminster Creolistics series 9). London: Battlebridge Publications.Google Scholar

Grant, Anthony and Guillemin, Diana. 2012. The complex of creole typological features: The case of Mauritian Creole. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 27(1): 48–104.Google Scholar

Gray, Russell D. and Atkinson, Quentin D.. 2003. Language-tree divergence times support the Anatolian theory of Indo-European origin. Nature 426: 435–9.Google Scholar

Greenhill, Simon J., Atkinson, Quentin D., Meade, Andrew and Gray, Russell D.. 2010. The shape and tempo of language evolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 277: 2443–50.Google Scholar

Hackert, Stephanie. 2013. Bahamian Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/12 [Accessed on 11.11.2014].Google Scholar

Hagemeijer, Tjerk. 2013. Santome structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/35 [Accessed on 11.11.2014].Google Scholar

Hall, Robert A. Jr. 1962. The life cycle of pidgin languages. Lingua 11: 151–6.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd. 1997. Cognitive foundations of grammar. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd. 2005. On reflexive forms in creoles. Lingua 115: 201–55.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd and Kuteva, Tania. 2001. Convergence and divergence in the development of African languages. In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Areal diffusion, and genetic inheritance: Problems in comparative linguistics, pp. 393–411. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd and Kuteva, Tania. 2005. Language contact and grammatical change. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd and Kuteva, Tania. 2007. The genesis of grammar: A reconstruction. (Studies in the Evolution of Language 9). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Heine, Bernd and Reh, Mechthild. 1984. Grammaticalization and reanalysis in African languages. Hamburg: Helmut Buske.Google Scholar

Hockett, Charles F. 1958. A course in modern linguistics. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar

Holm, John. 2000. An introduction to pidgins and creoles. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Holm, John and Patrick, Peter L. (eds.). 2007. Comparative creole syntax. (Westminster Creolistics series 7). London: Battlebridge.Google Scholar

Huber, Magnus. 2013. Ghanaian Pidgin English structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/16 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Intumbo, Incanha, Inverno, Liliana and Holm, John. 2013. Guinea-Bissau Kriyol structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/33 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Jacobs, Bart. 2012. Origins of a creole: The history of Papiamentu and its African ties. (Language Contact and Bilingualism 3). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Jakobson, Roman. 1929. Remarques sur l’évolution phonologique du Russe comparée à celle des autres langues Slaves. (Travaux du Cercle Linguistique de Prague 2).Google Scholar

Jansson, Fredrik, Parkvall, Mikael and Strimling, Pontus. 2015. Modeling the evolution of creoles. Language Dynamics and Change 5(1): 1–51.Google Scholar

Jourdan, Christine. 1985. Sapos iumi mitim iumi: Urbanization and creolization in the Solomon Islands. PhD dissertation, Australian National University.Google Scholar

Jourdan, Christine and Keesing, Roger. 1997. From Fisin to Pijin: Creolization in process in the Solomon Islands. Language in Society 26(3): 401–20.Google Scholar

Kihm, Alain. 2007. On the interpretation of bare noun phrases in Guinea-Bissau Portuguese Creole (Kriyol). In Baptista, and Guéron, (eds.), pp. 145–69.Google Scholar

Klein, Wolfgang and Perdue, Clive. 1997. The basic variety (or: Couldn’t natural languages be much simpler?). Second Language Research 13(4): 301–47.Google Scholar

Klein, Thomas B. 2006. Creole phonology typology: Phoneme inventory size, vowel quality distinctions and stop consonant series. In Bhatt, and Plag, (eds.), pp. 3–23.Google Scholar

Klein, Thomas B. 2011. Typology of creole phonology. In Bhatt, and Veenstra, (eds.), pp. 155–93. Reprinted in Bhatt and Veenstra 2013.Google Scholar

Klein, Thomas B. 2013. Gullah structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/13 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Kouwenberg, Silvia. 1994. A grammar of Berbice Dutch Creole. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Kouwenberg, Silvia. (ed.). 2003. Twice as meaningful: Reduplication in pidgins, creoles and other contact languages. (Westminster Creolistics series 8). London: Battlebridge.Google Scholar

Kouwenberg, Silvia. 2010. Creole studies and linguistic typology. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 25(1): 173–86, 25(2): 359–80.Google Scholar

Kouwenberg, Silvia. 2013a. Berbice Dutch structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/28 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Kouwenberg, Silvia. 2013b. Papiamentu structure dataset, In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/47 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Kusters, Wouter. 2003. Linguistic complexity: The influence of social change on verbal inflection. Utrecht: LOT.Google Scholar

Lang, Jürgen. 2013. Cape Verdean Creole of Santiago structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/30 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Lefebvre, Claire (ed.). 2011. Creoles, their substrates, and language typology. (Typological Studies in Language 95). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Luffin, Xavier. 2013. Kinubi structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/63 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 1984. Patterns of sounds. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2013a. Absence of common consonants. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/19 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 2013b. Presence of uncommon consonants. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/18 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Manfredi, Stefano and Petrollino, Sara. 2013. Juba Arabic structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/64 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Marchello-Nizia, Christiane. 2006. Du subjectif au spatial: l’évolution des formes et du sens des démonstratifs en français. Langue Française 152: 114–26.Google Scholar

Maurer, Philippe. 2013a. Angolar structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/36 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Maurer, Philippe. 2013b. Batavia Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/43 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Maurer, Philippe. 2013c. Principense structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/37 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

McMahon, April and McMahon, Robert. 2003. Finding families: Quantitative methods in language classification. Transactions of the Philological Society 101(1): 7–55.Google Scholar

McMahon, April and McMahon, Robert. 2013. Evolutionary linguistics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

McWhorter, John H. 2001. The world’s simplest grammars are creole grammars. Linguistic Typology 5(2–3): 125–66.Google Scholar

McWhorter, John H. 2005. Defining creole. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

McWhorter, John H. 2007. Language interrupted: Signs of non-native acquisition in standard language grammars. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

McWhorter, John H. 2012a. Case closed? Testing the feature pool hypothesis. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 27(1): 171–82.Google Scholar

McWhorter, John H. 2012b. Linguistic simplicity and complexity. Why do languages undress? (Language Contact and Bilingualism 1). Berlin: de Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

McWhorter, John and Good, Jeff. 2012. A grammar of Saramaccan Creole. (Mouton Grammar Library 56). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

Meyerhoff, Miriam. 2013. Bislama structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/23 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Michaelis, Susanne Maria and Marcel, Rosalie. 2013. Seychelles Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/56 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Michaelis, Susanne Maria, Maurer, Philippe, Haspelmath, Martin and Huber, Magnus (eds.). 2013a. The atlas of pidgin and creole language structures. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Michaelis, Susanne Maria, Maurer, Philippe, Haspelmath, Martin and Huber, Magnus (eds.). 2013b. The atlas of pidgin and creole language structures online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.Google Scholar

Migge, Bettina. 2013. Nengee structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/4 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Mufwene, Salikoko S. 2000. Creolization is a social, not a structural, process. In Neumann-Holzschuh, Ingrid and Schneider, Edgar W. (eds.), Degrees of restructuring in creole languages, pp. 65–83. (Creole Language Library 22). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Mufwene, Salikoko S. 2008. Language evolution: Contact, competition and change. London: Continuum.Google Scholar

Mühleisen, Susanne. 2013. Trinidad English Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/6 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1979. Growth and structure of the lexicon of New Guinea Pidgin. (Pacific Linguistics, Series C 52). Canberra: ANU, Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies.Google Scholar

Muysken, Pieter and Smith, Norval. 1990. Question words in pidgin and creole languages. Linguistics 28: 883–903.Google Scholar

Muysken, Pieter and Smith, Norval. 1995. Reflexives In Arends, Jacques, Muysken, Pieter and Smith, Norval (eds.), Pidgins and creoles: An introduction, pp. 271–88. (Creole Language Library 15). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Nettle, Daniel. 1999a. Is the rate of linguistic change constant? Lingua 108: 119–36.Google Scholar

Nettle, Daniel. 1999b. Linguistic diversity. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Neumann-Holzschuh, Ingrid and Klingler, Thomas A.. 2013. Louisiana Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/53 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Owens, Jonathan. 2001. Creole Arabic: The orphan of all orphans. Anthropological Linguistics 43(3): 348–78.Google Scholar

Pagel, Mark, Atkinson, Quentin D., Andreea, S. Calude and Meade, Andrew. 2013. Ultraconserved words point to deep language ancestry across Eurasia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110(21): 8471–6.Google Scholar

Parkvall, Mikael. 2000. Out of Africa: African influences in Atlantic creoles. London: Battlebridge.Google Scholar

Parkvall, Mikael. 2001. Creolistics and the quest for creoleness: A reply to Claire Lefebvre. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 16(1): 147–51.Google Scholar

Parkvall, Mikael. 2008. The simplicity of creoles in a cross-linguistic perspective. In Miestamo, Matti, Sinnemäki, Kaius and Karlsson, Fred (eds.), Language complexity: Typology, contact, change, pp. 265–85. (Studies in Language Companion Series 94). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Parkvall, Mikael and Goyette, Stéphane. Forthcoming. Principia creolica.Google Scholar

Parkvall, Mikael, Jansson, Fredrik and Strimling, Pontus. 2013. Simulating the genesis of Mauritian. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 45(2): 265–73.Google Scholar

Pfänder, Stefan. 2013. Guyanais structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/52 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Plag, Ingo and Schramm, Mareile. 2006. Early creole syllable structure: A cross-linguistic survey of the earliest attested varieties of Saramaccan, Sranan, St. Kitts and Jamaican. In Bhatt, and Plag, (eds.), pp. 131–50.Google Scholar

Plag, Ingo (ed.). 2003. Phonology and morphology of creole languages. (Linguistische Arbeiten 478). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag.Google Scholar

Plank, Frans (ed.). 2009. Special issue of Linguistic Typology, 13(1).Google Scholar

Post, Marike. 2013. Fa d’Ambô structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/38 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Prescod, Paula. 2013. Vincentian Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/7 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Roberts, John R. 2012. Serial verbs in English: An RRG analysis of catenative verb constructions. Functions of Language 19(2): 201–34.Google Scholar

Roberts, Sarah J. 2004. The emergence of Hawai‘i Creole English in the early 20th century: The sociohistorical context of creole genesis. PhD dissertation, Stanford University.Google Scholar

Sadock, Jerrold. 2003. A grammar of Kalaallisut. Munich: Lincom.Google Scholar

Samarin, William J. 2013. Sango structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/59 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Sampson, Geoffrey, Gil, David and Trudgill, Peter (eds.). 2009. Language complexity as an evolving variable. (Studies in the Evolution of Language 13). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Sapir, Edward. 1912. Language and environment. American Anthropologist 14: 226–42.Google Scholar

Schlegel, August Wilhelm. 1846. Œuvres de M. Auguste-Guillaume de Schlegel. Leipzig: Weidmann.Google Scholar

Schröder, Anne. 2013. Cameroon Pidgin English structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/18 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Schultze-Berndt, Eva and Angelo, Denise. 2013. Kriol structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/25 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Schwegler, Armin. 2013. Palenquero structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/48 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Seuren, Pieter A. M. 1990. Serial verb constructions. In Joseph, Brian D. and Zwicky, Arnold M. (eds.), When verbs collide: Papers from the 1990 Ohio State mini-conference on serial verbs, pp. 14–33. (Working Papers in Linguistics No. 39). Columbus: Ohio State University Department of Linguistics.Google Scholar

Seuren, Pieter A. M. 1998. Western linguistics: An historical introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Seuren, Pieter A. M. and Wekker, Herman. 1986. Semantic transparency as a factor in creole genesis. In Muysken, Peter and Smith, Norval (eds.), Substrata versus universals in creole genesis, pp. 57–70. (Creole Language Library 1). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Shnukal, Anna and Marchese, Lynell. 1983. Creolization of Nigerian Pidgin English: a progress report. English World-Wide 4: 17–26.Google Scholar

Sippola, Eeva. 2013a. Cavite Chabacano structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/45 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Sippola, Eeva. 2013b. Ternate Chabacano structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/44 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Smith, Geoff P. 2002. Growing up with Tok Pisin: Contact, creolization, and change in Papua New Guinea’s national language. London: Battlebridge.Google Scholar

Smith, Geoff P. and Siegel, Jeff. 2013. Tok Pisin structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/22 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Stassen, Leon. 2013a. Comparative constructions. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/121 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Stassen, Leon. 2013b. Predicative possession. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/117 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Stassen, Leon. 2013c. Zero copula for predicate nominals. In Dryer, and Haspelmath, (eds.). Available online at: wals.info/chapter/120 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Staudacher-Valliamée, Gillette. 2004. Grammaire du créole réunionnais. Paris: Sedes.Google Scholar

Steinkrüger, Patrick O. 2006. The puzzling case of Chabacano: Creolization, substrate, mixing and secondary contact. Paper presented at Tenth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, 17–20 January 2006, Puerto Pincesa City, Palawan, Philippines. Available online at: www.sil.org/asia/philippines/ical/papers.html.Google Scholar

Steinkrüger, Patrick O. 2013. Zamboanga Chabacano structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/46 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Swolkien, Dominika. 2013. Cape Verdean Creole of São Vicente structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/32 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Trudgill, Peter. 2011. Sociolinguistic typology: Social determinants of linguistic complexity. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

van den Berg, Margot C. and Bruyn, Adrienne. 2013. Early Sranan structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/1 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

van Sluijs, Robbert. 2013. Negerhollands structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/27 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Velupillai, Viveka. 2013. Hawai‘i Creole structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at apics-online.info/contributions/26 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Verhaar, John W. M. 1995. Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin: An experiment in corpus linguistics. (Oceanic Linguistics special publication 26). Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.Google Scholar

Welmers, William E. 1973. African Language Structures. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Whorf, Benjamin Lee. 1956. Language, thought, and reality: Selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf, ed. Carroll, John B.. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Winford, Donald and Plag, Ingo. 2013. Sranan structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/2 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Yakpo, Kofi. 2013. Pichi structure dataset. In Michaelis, et al. (eds.). Available online at: apics-online.info/contributions/19 [Accessed on 11.11.14].Google Scholar

Yillah, M. Sorie and Corcoran, Chris. 2007. Krio (Creole English). In Holm, and Patrick, (eds.), pp. 175–98.Google Scholar

Alidou, Dioula Ousseina. 1997. A phonological study of language games in six languages of Niger. PhD thesis, Indiana University, Bloomington.Google Scholar

Allan, Keith and Burridge, Kate. 2006. Forbidden words. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Alpher, Barry and Nash, David. 1991. Lexical replacement and cognate equilibrium in Australia. Australian Journal of Linguistics 19(1): 5–56.Google Scholar

Armstrong, Robert G. 1955. Talking instruments in West Africa. Explorations 4: 140–53.Google Scholar

Bagemihl, Bruce. 1989. The crossing constraint and backwards languages. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 7: 481–549.Google Scholar

Bagemihl, Bruce. 1995. Language games and related areas. In Goldsmith, John (ed.), The handbook of phonological theory, pp. 697–712. Cambridge MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Baron, Robert and Cara, Ana C.. (eds.). 2011. Creolization as cultural creativity. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.Google Scholar

Bilby, Kenneth. 1983. How the ‘older heads’ talk: A Jamaican Maroon spirit possession language and its relationship to the creoles of Suriname and Sierra Leone. New West Indian Guide 57: 37–88.Google Scholar

Blake, Barry J. 2010. Secret language: Codes, tricks, spies, thieves, and symbols. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Blench, Roger M. 2012. Tarok insults. Social and linguistic aspects of insulting expressions in Tarok. Paper presented at CALL 24, University of Leiden. Available online at: www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/BC/Plateau/Tarokoid/Tarok/Grammar/Tarok%20insults.pdf [Accessed 20.12.14].Google Scholar

Blommaert, Jan. 2013. Ethnography, superdiversity and linguistic landscapes: Chronicles of complexity. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar

Borowsky, Toni. 2010. Language disguise in OT: Reversing and truncating. In Baker, Brett, Mushin, Illana, Harvey, Mark and Gardner, Rod (eds.), Indigenous language and social identity, pp. 347–64. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.Google Scholar

Botne, Robert and Davis, Stuart. 2000. Language games, segment imposition, and the syllable. Studies in Language 24(2): 319–44.Google Scholar

Bybee, Joan L. and Hopper, Paul J. (eds.). 2001. Frequency and the emergence of linguistic structure. Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar

Cara, Ana C. 2011. Creole talk: The poetics and politics of Argentine verbal art. In Baron, Robert and Cara, Anna C. (eds.), Creolization as cultural creativity, pp. 198–227. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.Google Scholar

Colleyn, Jean-Paul. 1999. Horse, hunter and messenger. In Behrend, Heike and Luig, Ute (eds.), Spirit possession, pp. 68–78. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar

Cowan, Nelson and Leavitt, L. A.. 1992. Speakers’ access to the phonological structure of the syllable in word games. In Ziolkowski, M., Noske, M. and Deaton, K. (eds.), Papers from the 26th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, pp. 45–59. Chicago Linguistic Society.Google Scholar

Cowan, Nelson, Leavitt, L. A., Massaro, D. W. and Kent, R. D.. 1982. A fluent backward talker. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research 25: 48–53.Google Scholar

Creese, Angela and Blackledge, Adrian. 2010. Towards a sociolinguistics of superdiversity. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaften 13: 549–72.Google Scholar

Danninger, Elisabeth. 1982. Tabubereiche und Euphemismen. In Welte, W. (ed.), Sprachtheorie und angewandte Linguistik, pp. 237–51. Tübingen: Narr.Google Scholar

Demolin, Didier. 1991. L’analyse des segments de la syllable et des tons dans un jeu de langue mangbetu. Langages 101: 30–50.Google Scholar

Deumert, Ana. 2015. Digital superdiversity: A commentary. Discourse, Context and Media. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2014.08.003.Google Scholar

Deumert, Ana. Forthcoming. Tsotsitaal online: The creativity of tradition. In Cutler, C. and Royneland, U. (eds.), Analyzing multilingual youth practices in computer-mediated communication. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dingemanse, Mark. 2011. The meaning and use of ideophones in Siwu. Nijmegen: MPI Series in Psycholinguistics.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 1980. The languages of Australia. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 1990. The origin of ‘mother-in-law vocabulary’ in two Australian languages. Anthropological Linguistics 32(1/2): 1–56.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 2002. Australian languages: Their nature and development. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. 2014. The non-visible marker in Dyirbal. In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), The grammar of knowledge: A cross-linguistic typology, pp. 171–89. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. (eds.). 2002. Word: A cross-linguistic typology. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Douglas, Mary. 1966. Purity and danger: An analysis of concepts of pollution and taboo. London and New York: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar

Dugast, Idelette. 1950. La langue secrète du Sultan Njoya. Bulletin de la Société d’Études Camerounaises 3(31–32): 231–60.Google Scholar

Emeneau, M. B. 1948. Taboos on animal names. Language 24(1): 56–63.Google Scholar

Fanon, Frantz. 1963. The wretched of the earth. New York: Grove Press.Google Scholar

Ferry, Marie-Paule. 1981. Les ganles tecresses des Ndéta (les langues secrètes des Tenda). Objects et mondes 21: 173–76.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. 1972. The archaeology of knowledge. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Fox, James. 1988. To speak in pairs: Essays on the ritual languages of Eastern Indonesia. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Fox, James. 2005. Ritual languages, special registers and speech decorum in Austronesian languages. In Adelaar, K. Alexander and Himmelmann, Nikolaus P. (eds.), The Austronesian Languages of South East Asia and Madagascar, pp. 87–109. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Franklin, K. J. and Stefaniw, R.. 1992. The ‘pandanus languages’ of the Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea: A further report. In Dutton, T. E. (ed.), Culture change, language change: Case studies from Melanesia, pp. 1–6. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.Google Scholar

Frazer, James G. 1922. The golden bough. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar

Gomm, Roger. 1975. Bargaining from weakness: Spirit possession on the south Kenya coast. Man 10(4): 530–43.Google Scholar

Gregersen, Edgar A. 1997. The pragmatics of verbal abuse in African languages. In Herbert, Robert K. (ed.), African linguistics at the crossroads: Papers from Kwaluseni, pp. 575–80. Cologne: Köppe.Google Scholar

Hale, Kenneth L. 1971. A note on a Warlbiri tradition of antonymy. In Steinberg, Danny D. and Jakobovits, Leon A., An interdisciplinary reader in philosophy, linguistics and psychology, pp. 472–82. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hale, Kenneth L. 1973. Deep-surface canonical disparities in relation to analysis and change: an Australian example. In Sebeok, Thomas A. (ed.), Current trends in linguistics, Vol. XI: Diachronic, areal and typological linguistics, pp. 401–58. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Halliday, Michael A. K. 1976. Anti-languages. American Anthropologist 78(3): 570–84.Google Scholar

Haring, Lee. 2011. Techniques of creolization. In Baron, and Cara, (eds.), pp. 178–97.Google Scholar

Henderson, John. 2002. The word in Eastern/Central Arrernte. In Dixon, and Aikhenvald, (eds.), pp. 100–24.Google Scholar

Herbert, Robert K. 1995. The sociohistory of clicks in Southern Bantu. In Mesthrie, Rajend (ed.), Language and social history, pp. 51–67. Cape Town: David Philip.Google Scholar

Holzknecht, Susanne. 1987. Word taboo and its implications for language change in the Markham family of languages, PNG. Seminar paper, Canberra: Australian National University.Google Scholar

Hombert, Jean-Marie. 1986. Word games: Some implications for analysis of tone and other phonological constructs. In Ohala, J. and Jaeger, J. (eds.), Experimental phonology, pp. 175–86. Orlando: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Hopper, Paul J. 1998. Emergent Grammar. In Tomasello, Michael (ed.), The new psychology of language: Cognitive and functional approaches to linguistic structure, pp. 155–75. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar

Horst, Joop. 2008. Het einde van de standaardtaal: Een wisseling van Europese taalcultuur. Amsterdam: Meulenhoff.Google Scholar

Hudson, Grover. 1993. Evidence of an argot for Amharic and theoretical phonology. Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 14: 47–60.Google Scholar

Inkelas, Sharon. 2003. J’s rhymes: a longitudinal case study of language play. Journal of Child Language 30: 557–81.Google Scholar

Irvine, Judith T. and Gal, Susan. 2000. Language ideology and linguistic differentiation. In Kroskrity, Paul V. (ed.), Regimes of language, pp. 35–83. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press.Google Scholar

Johnstone, Barbara. 2000. The individual voice in language. Annual Review of Anthropology 29: 405–24.Google Scholar

Kahn, David. 1996. The Codebreakers. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar

Kastenholz, Raimund J. 1998. Language shift and language death among Mande blacksmiths and leather workers in the diaspora. In Brenzinger, Matthias (ed.), Endangered languages in Africa, pp. 253–66. Cologne: Köppe.Google Scholar

Kiessling, Roland and Mous, Maarten. 2004. Urban youth languages in Africa. Anthropological Linguistics 46(3): 303–41.Google Scholar

Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, Barbara. 1976, Editor of speech play. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar

Kleinewillinghofer, Ulrich. 1995. Don’t use the name of my dead father: A reason for lexical change in some Northwestern Adamawa languages (Northeastern Nigeria). Afrika und Übersee 78: 125–37.Google Scholar

Kleinewillinghofer, Ulrich. 2001. Jalaa – an almost forgotten language of Northeastern Nigeria: A language isolate? In Nurse, Derek (ed.), Historical language contact in Africa, pp. 239–71. Cologne: Köppe.Google Scholar

Kleinewillinghofer, Ulrich. Forthcoming. Adamawa. In Vossen, Rainer and Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. (eds.), Handbook of African languages. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Koschorke, Albrecht. 2013. Wahrheit und Erfindung: Grundzüge einer Allgemeinen Erzähltheorie. Frankfurt: Fischer.Google Scholar

Krog, Antjie. 2013. Conditional tense: Memory and vocabulary after the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Kroskrity, Paul V. 2007. Language ideologies. In Duranti, Alessandro (ed.), A companion to linguistic anthropology, pp. 496–517. Malden: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Kruspe, Nicole. 2004. A grammar of Semelai. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Kuipers, Joel C. 2007. Comments on ritual unintelligibility. Text & Talk 27(4): 559–66.Google Scholar

Kuipers, Joel C. 2009. Unjuk Rasa (‘Expression of Feeling’) in Sumba: Bloody Thursday and its cultural and historical context. In Senft, and Basso, (eds.), pp. 223–41.Google Scholar

Kutsch Lojenga, Constance. 2009. Kilungunya, a newly discovered and endangered secret Bantu language spoken in D.R. Congo. Paper presented at the Sixth World Congress of African Linguistics (WOCAL) Conference, Cologne, Germany, 17–21 August 2009.Google Scholar

Lahrouchi, Mohamed and Ségéral, Philippe. 2010. Peripheral vowels in Tashlhiyt Berber are phonologically long: Evidence from Tagnawt, a secret language used by women. Brill’s Annual of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 2: 1–11.Google Scholar

Langlois, Annie. 2006. Wordplay in teenage Pitjantjatjara. Australian Journal of Linguistics 26(2): 181–92.Google Scholar

Latour, Bruno. 1993. We have never been modern. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Laycock, Don. 1972. Towards a typology of ludlings, or play languages. Linguistic Communications 6: 61–113.Google Scholar

Leslau, Wolf. 1964. Ethiopian argots. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar

Ljung, Magnus. 2011. Swearing: A cross-cultural linguistic study. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Luckmann, Thomas. 1992. Theorie des sozialen Handelns. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Lüpke, Friederike and Storch, Anne. 2013. Repertoires and choices in African languages. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

Makoni, Sinfree. 2012. A critique of language, languaging and supervernacular. Muitas Vozes 1: 189–99.Google Scholar

Makoni, Sinfree, Smitherman, Geneva, Ball, Arnetha and Spears, Richard A.. (eds.). 2003. Black linguistics. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

McIlwain, Gloria. 1994. TUT language. San Francisco: TLC.Google Scholar

McNaughton, Patrick R. 1993. The Mande Blacksmiths: Knowledge, power and art in West Africa. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar

Migge, Bettina and Léglise, Isabelle. 2011. On the emergence of new language varieties: The case of the Eastern Maroon Creole in French Guiana. In Hinrichs, L. and Farquharson, J. (eds.), Variation in the Caribbean, pp. 181–99. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Motschenbacher, Heiko. 2011. Taking Queer Linguistics further: Sociolinguistics and critical heteronormativity research. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 212: 149–79.Google Scholar

Mous, Maarten. 2009. The development of urban youth languages in Africa. In Junyent, M. C. (ed.), Transferences: The expression of extra-linguistic processes in the world’s languages, pp. 215–32. Barcelona: Eumo Editorial.Google Scholar

Mulumbwa-Mutambwa, Georges. 2012. Kindubile: The new urban language of Lubumbashi. Paper presented at the Workshop on Youth Languages and Urban Languages in Africa, University of Cologne, 30 May – 1 June 2012.Google Scholar

Nassenstein, Nico. 2014. A grammatical study of the youth language Yanké. Munich: Lincom.Google Scholar

Nassenstein, Nico. 2015. The emergence of Langila in Kinshasa. In Nassenstein, and Hollington, (eds.), pp. 81–98.Google Scholar

Nassenstein, Nico and Hollington, Andrea (eds.). 2015. Youth language practices in Africa and beyond. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Noye, Dominique. 1975. Langages secrets chez les Peuls. African Languages 1: 81–95.Google Scholar

Odé, Arend Will Mauritz. 1927. Reflexe von ‘Tabu’ und ‘Noa’ in den indogermanischen Sprachen. Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie.Google Scholar

Olawsky, Knut J. 2002. What is a word in Dagbaani? In Dixon, and Aikhenvald, (eds.), pp 205–26.Google Scholar

Phipps, Alison. 2013. Unmoored: Language pain, porosity, and poisonwood. Critical Multilingualism Studies 1(2): 96–118.Google Scholar

Pound, Glenn. 1963. Phonological distortion in spoken secret languages: A consideration of its nature and use. PhD thesis, Indiana University, Bloomington.Google Scholar

Rosenblatt, Paul C., Walsh, R. P. and Jackson, D. A.. 1976. Grief and mourning in cross-cultural perspective. New Haven, CT: Human Relations Area Files Press.Google Scholar

Rudwick, Stephanie and Shange, Magcino. 2006. Sociolinguistic oppression or expression of ‘Zuluness’? ‘IsiHlonipho’ among isiZulu-speaking females. South African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies 24(4): 473–82.Google Scholar

Schuh, Russell. 1999. Metrics of Arabic and Hausa poetry. In Kotey, Paul F. A. (ed.), New dimensions in African linguistics and languages, pp. 121–30. (Trends in African Linguistics 3). Trenton and Asmara: Africa World Press.Google Scholar

Senft, Gunter. 2009. Trobriand islanders’ forms of ritual communication. In Senft, and Basso, (eds.), pp. 81–101.Google Scholar

Senft, Gunter and Ellen, Basso (eds.). 2009. Ritual communication. Oxford and New York: Berg.Google Scholar

Sherzer, Joel. 1982. Play languages: With a note on Ritual languages. In Obler, L. K. and Menn, L. (eds.), Exceptional language and linguistics, pp. 175–99. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Silverstein, Michael. 2009. Private ritual encounters, public ritual indexes. In Senft, and Basso, (eds.), pp. 271–91.Google Scholar

Simons, Gary F. 1982. Word taboo and comparative Austronesian linguistics. In Halim, Amran, Carrington, Loius and Wurm, S. A. (eds.), Papers from the Third Annual Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, pp. 157–226. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.Google Scholar

Smith-Hefner, Nancy J. 2008. Youth language, gaul sociability, and the new Indonesian middle class. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 17(2): 184–203.Google Scholar

Spivak, Gayatri C. 1988. Can the Subaltern Speak? In Nelson, Cary and Grossberg, Lawrence (eds.), Marxism and the interpretation of culture, pp. 271–313. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar

Stodulka, Thomas. 2009. ‘Beggars’ and ‘Kings’: Emotional regulation of shame among street youths in a Javanese city in Indonesia. In Röttger-Rössler, B. and Markowitsch, H. J. (eds.), Emotions as bio-cultural processes, pp. 329–49. New York: Springer.Google Scholar

Storch, Anne. 2011. Secret manipulations: Language and context in Africa. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Taussig, M. 1999. Defacement. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Terkourafi, Marina. 2010. Editor of languages of hip hop. London: Continuum.Google Scholar

Thomason, Sarah. 2007. Language contact and deliberate change. Journal of Language Contact, Thema Issue 1. Available online at: www.jlcjournal.org/ [Accessed 13.12.14].Google Scholar

Treis, Yvonne. 2005. Avoiding their names, avoiding their eyes: How Kambaata women respect their in-laws. Anthropological Linguistics 47(3): 292–320.Google Scholar

Van Beek, Wouter E. A. 1992. The dirty smith: Smell as a social frontier among the Kapsiki/Higi of north Cameroun and north-eastern Nigeria. Africa 1: 38–58.Google Scholar

Van Gennep, A. 1908. Essai d’une théorie des langues spéciales. Revue des études ethnographiques et sociologiques 6/7: 327–37.Google Scholar

Verschueren, Jef. 2012. Ideology in language use. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Vierke, Clarissa. 2015. Some remarks on poetic aspects of Sheng. In Nassenstein, and Hollington, (eds.), pp. 227–56.Google Scholar

Walcott, Derek. 1993. The Antilles: Fragments of epic memory. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux.Google Scholar

Walter, Mary Ann. 2007. Boudledidge: A contribution to language game typology. Ms, Chicago: MIT. Available online at: http://faculty.wcas.northwestern.edu/~maw962/docs/boudledidge-poster.pdf.Google Scholar

Wilce, James M. 2007. Language and madness. In Duranti, Alessandro (ed.), A companion to linguistic anthropology, pp. 414–30. Malden: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Will, Izabela. 2014. Hausa metaphors: Gestural idioms containing body-part terms. In Brenzinger, Matthias and Kraska-Slenk, Iwona (eds.), The body in language: Comparative studies of linguistic embodiment, pp. 161–76. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar

Wirtz, Kristina. 2005. Where obscurity is a virtue: The mystique of unintelligibility in Santería ritual. Language & Communication 25(4): 351–5.Google Scholar

Wolfer, Claudia 2011. Arabic secret languages. Folia Orientalia 47(2): 7–49.Google Scholar

Yu, Alan C. L. 2008. On iterative infixation. In Haynie, Hannah J. and Chang, Charles B. (eds.), Proceedings of the 26th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, pp. 516–24. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla.Google Scholar

Book contents

Part I - Domains of Linguistic Typology

Summary

Access options

References

References

References

References

References

References

References

References

References

References

Book contents

Part I - Domains of Linguistic Typology

Summary

Access options

References

References

References

References

References

References

References

References

References

References

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive