Index
African National Congress (ANC)
African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL), 12
criticism of regarding customary land policies, 179
divisions within, 191
EWC debate and, ,
Fifteen Year Review, 10
globalisation of the food system and, 241
interim Constitution debate and, 80,
on the land question, 179
lifting of ban on, 6
52nd National Conference (2007), 143
55th National Conference Declaration (2022), 12
post-apartheid phases of service delivery,
post-apartheid policies of,
2017 resolution on EWC, 146
willing buyer, willing seller model and, 59
agricultural land
expropriation of, 192
Karoo region, 216
male ownership of, 176
market value compensation for,
property rights and, 150
redistribution of, 10
redistributive justice and, 223
South Korea, 278
speculation, 258
transfer of to black owners, 219
wealth and, ,
agriculture, smallholder,
dairy production, , 207
facilitating production in,
growth in,
maize production,
role of partnerships and joint ventures in,
sugar production, 200
wool production, 204
AgriSA v Minister of Minerals and Energy (2013), 84
Alexkor Ltd and Another v Richtersveld Community and Others (2004), 176
Alienation of Land Act 68 of 1981, 63
‘Anarchism: Its Philosophy and Ideal’ (Kropotkin), 293
apartheid
beneficiaries of, 160
as crime against humanity, 282
deprivaton of rural residents under, 181
land law under, 120,
land ownership under, 190
landlessness created by, 68
ownership under, , 135
persistence of discriminatory land policies of,
rural communities under, 185
separate development under, 83
social engineering under, 96
wealth accumulated during, 81
astronomical research,
Astronomy Advantage Areas (AAAs),
Astronomy Geographic Advantage Act 21 of 2007, 225
‘Back to the Land’ campaign, 148
Baleni v Minister of Mineral Resources (2019),
Bengwenyama Minerals (Pty) Ltd and Others v Genorah Resources (Pty) Ltd and Others (2011), 132
Biko, Bantu Stephen, 71
Buthelezi, Mangosuthu, 179
Cannabis Master Plan, 204
Capital (Marx), 249
Capital in the 21st Century (Piketty), 270
capital levies,
compared to wealth tax,
in Germany,
in post-war Japan,
in South Korea,
Centre for Applied Legal Studies (CALS), 149
Centre for Development and Enterprise, 145
Certification of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, In re 1996 (1996), 97
citizens
agency of, 256
insurgent, 23
land rights of, 150
politics of belonging of, 22
quality of life of, , 169
as real owners of mineral wealth, 294
as shareholders of the nation’s social product, 26
traditional people as subjects and,
City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality v Blue Moonlight Properties 39 (Pty) Ltd and Another (2012), 134
Claassens, Aninka, 129
class
agential, 259
agro-industrial ruling, 248
conflict, 278
differences, 14
land reform agenda of, 157
lower middle, 221
black capitalist farmers, 241
status of ‘coloured’, 230
structures, 78
tenant, 278
wage labour, 293
working, 257
Climate Justice Charter (CJC), , 258
‘coloured’ reserves, 221
Commission on the Restitution of Land Rights, 7
Commission on Traditional Leadership Disputes and Claims (CTLDC), 183
Committee on Rural Development and Land Reform, 170
common law
ownership rights and, , 130
principles of property law and, 60,
property and,
and protection of informal rights,
vulnerable occupiers and, 99
commons mode of production,
historical waves of, 249
Communal Land Tenure Bill (2017), 167
Community of Grootkraal v Botha NO and Others (2019), 135
community-based organisations (CBOs), 177
compensation
adjudication of, 27
financial, 25
legal justifications for nil,
legal view of,
market value, , , 86
restorative justice and, 83
sliding scale, 155
spectrum, 155
‘Compensation through Expropriation without Compensation?’ (STIAS), research project and conference, 17
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 108 of 1996, 3, 55, 145, 214
as impediment to land reform,
land redistribution and, 282
mandate for land reform, 149
notion of justice in,
right to food and water in, 254
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 200 of 1993 (interim Constitution),
land restitution, 7
property clause, 6
property rights debate and,
restorative justice approach of, 81
Constitutional Assembly,
Constitutional Review Committee (CRC), , , 154
consultation
constitutional, 144
Cooperative and Policy Alternative, 253
Council for the Advancement of the South African Constitution (CASAC), 171
Council for the Advancement of the South African Constitution and Others v The Ingonyama Trust and Others (2022), , , , 183, 184
Cronin, Jeremy, 223
Deeds Registries Act 47 of 1937, 63
democracy
affects of impoverished,
capital levies and, , 280
capitalism and, 27
human dignity and, 81
power of traditonal leaders in, 175
protests, 12
race-conscious remedies and, 75
as reduction to representation, 223
rural, 166
as social compact, 282
transition from aparheid to, 185
Democratic Alliance (DA), 15,
Democratic Party (DP), 150
Department of Land Affairs (DLA), 10
distributive politics, 288,
Dlamini-Zuma, Nkosazana, 13
Doctors for Life International v Speaker of the National Assembly and Others (2006), 168
Ecological Notebooks (Marx), 249
ecological rift/s,
Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts (Marx), 249
exclusion
economic, 282
freehold titles and, 121
from the land market, 269
of majority of South Africans, 61
from property rights system, 19
structures of, 57
of those subject to transformative justice, 69
of women, 67
expropriation without compensation (EWC)
ambiguity of term, 143
ANC and, ,
as ANC policy, 88
expropriation of property other than land and, 161
focus of on agricultural land, 160
inequality and, 241
juristic foundations of, 73
land reform and, 157
limits of,
PAPLRA and,
political actors in,
expropriation, land
and market-value compensation,
Msiza and compensation for,
proposal for new bill,
Extension of Security of Tenure Act 62 of 1997, 18, 58, 96. See also Grobler v Phillips; Nimble Investments (Pty) Ltd v Malan
vulnerable occupiers and, 96
farmers
adaptability of, 221
associations, 150
Bantu mixed, 247
emerging, 201
female, 176
financial trouble of, 218
freeholding, 280
fruit, 206
Karoo region, 216
minimum wages and, 250
SKA and, 226
small-scale black, 220
well-capitalised, 194
food security,
food sovereignty,
food system, globalised
biodersity loss and,
carbon emissions and, 252
climate shocks to,
ecological rifts in,
exploitation of people and resources in,
hunger and,
unequal ecological exchange and, 251
Foster, John Bellamy, 249
Freedom Front Plus, 15
gender
equality, 184
exploitation and, 250
imbalance, 176
land control and, 249
poverty and, 182
power and, 223
redistributive justice and, 167,
roles, 182
ULTRA automatic conversion mechanism and, 67
German Equalisation Tax,
Gordhan, Pravin, 268
Grasslands Development Trust, 204
Grobler v Phillips and Others (2023), ,
Growth, Employment and Redistribution strategy (GEAR), 9
Haffejee NO and Others v Ethekwini Municipality and Others (2011), 156
High-Level Panel on the Assessment of Key Legislation and the Acceleration of Fundamental Change (HLP), 86, 169
right of equitable access to land and,
households, female-headed, 182
Iceland, 284
imbizo, 165
inequality
capital levies as response to,
capitalism and, 249
common law and, 61
economic stasis and, 191
eradication of as policy goal, 223
expropriation without compensation and, 241
food, 254
income, 275
land redistribution and, 234
life opportunities and, 268
property law and, 122
root causes of, 289
spatial, 69
transformational tax and,
transformative justice and, 89
transitional justice and,
wealth, 275
wealth tax and, 268
Ingonyma Trust Board (ITB), 168,
Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), 15
Institute for Race Relations, 145
Interim Protection of Informal Land Rights Act 31 of 1996, 58, , 132, , , 176, 178, 181,
tenure security and,
Itereleng Bakgatla Mineral Resources (Pty) Limited (IBMR), , 178
justice, intergenerational, 75
justice, redistributive
black ownership and, 234
community-based initiatives and, 227
compensation and, 45
debate of scale of changes,
effects of impoverished democracy on,
EWC debate and, , , , 288
food sovereignty and, 262
gendered view of, ,
Ingonyma Trust Board (ITB) and, 172
land reform in Loeriesfontein and,
limits of, 290
market-led reform policies and, 268
new land use and, 226
as normative, 22
popular politics and,
private sector and, 24
property clause and, 86
role of the state in,
rural communities and, 166,
traditional communities and,
traditional leaders as obstacle to, 179
traditional people as subjects and not citizens as challenge to,
wealth and, 292
justice, restorative, 5, , 185, 216
and forgiveness, 76
restitution and, 77
social relationships and, 77
Truth and Reconciliation Commission and, 81
justice, retributive, 78
justice, transformative, ,
property clause and,
Karberg, Thomas, 19
Karoo region
commercial farming and land reform in,
environment of,
as framework for understanding land reform, ,
new land uses in,
urban land reform in,
kgotha kgothe (of the Bakgatla Ba Kgafela), 174
Klaase v Van der Merwe (2016), 100
KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) government, 202
La Via Campesina, 253
land
distribution, ,
expropriation,
as the nation’s wealth,
Land and Agricultural Policy Centre (LAPC), 149
Land Records Bill, 114
land reform, . See also justice, redistributive; land:redistribution; land:restitution; tenure:security
agricultural production as focus of,
commercial farming and, 223
economic stasis and,
as galvanising force in politics, 3
importance of agriculture to, 209
Karoo region as framework for understanding, ,
limits of redistributive reach,
in Loeriesfontein,
new land uses in Karoo region and,
and politics of belonging, 26
racism and, 3
urban Karoo and,
Land Reform (Labour Tenants) Act 3 of 1996, , 58
land rights, informal, 19, , 68, 133, , , 181. See also Interim Protection of Informal Land Rights Act 31 of 1996
Land Use and Planning Ordinance 15 of 1985, 133
Landbounavorsingsraad v Klaasen (2005), 100
Loeriesfontein,
Loeriesfontein Opkomende Boerevereniging, 231
Maccsand (Pty) Ltd v City of Cape Town and Others (2012), 133
Madonsela, Thuli, 11
Malawi maize production,
Maledu and Others v Itereleng Bakgatla Mineral Resources (Pty) Ltd and Another (2019), 132, , , 178, , 183, 184
Mandela, Nelson, 148
Matlala, Boitumelo, 129
Mbotyi, 196
mineral rights,
democratisation of ownership and,
Molusi v Voges NO (2016), 99
Moseneke, Dikgang, 87
Msiza and Others v Uys and Another (2004),
Msiza v Director-General for the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform (2016), 85
Multi-Party Negotiation Process (MPNP),
Mwelase v Director-General for the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform (2019),
Namibia, 289,
National Biodiversity Assessment of 2019, 252
National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998, 133
National Land Committee, 148
National Party (NP)
Constitutional Assembly property rights debate and, 150
interim Constitution debate and, 147
National Water Act 36 of 1998, 151
National Woolgrowers Association (NWGA), 201,
Native Administration Act 38 of 1927, 179
Native Service Contract Act 24 of 1932, 41
Ndebele, Njabulo, 136
Nimble Investments (Pty) Ltd v Malan (2022), ,
Nkwinti, Gugile, 201
North West Province, 172
O’Connor, Tim,
occupation. See also Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act 19 of 1998; vulnerable occupiers
eviction and, 99,
outgrower schemes, , 204,
Pan Africanist Congress, 150
Parliamentary Monitoring Group, 178
Partnership in Agri Land Solutions (PALS),
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association of South Africa: In re Ex Parte President of South Africa (2000), 113
Piketty, Thomas, 270
Pilanesberg Platinum Mines (Pty) Limited (PPM),
Pointe Gourde principle,
populism, anti-constitutional, 12
Port Elizabeth Municipality v Various Occupiers (2005), 61,
Portfolio Committee on Justice and Correctional Services, 181
poverty
basic income grant and, 9
dispossession and, 83
economic stasis and, 190
impoverished democracy and,
land redistribution and, 234
land reform and, 292
in Loeriesfontein, 233
property law and, 122
racialised, 182
root causes of, 289
rural, 217
in traditional communities, 168
transformative justice and, 89
transitional justice and, 79
Presidential Advisory Panel on Land Reform and Agriculture (PAPLRA), 11, 15, 16, 20, 61, 114, 144, 145, , 176, 190, 192
Prevention of Illegal Squatting Act 52 of 1951, 111
production, agrarian,
property clause (section 25 of the Constitution)
Bill of Rights and,
dispossession and, 296
as impediment to transformation of land relations, 146
just and equitable compensation and, , 226
making of,
market value and, 46
mining rights and, 64
nil compensation and, ,
occupation and,
opposition to, 150
protection of traditional lands and,
redistributive justice and, 86
right of equitable access to land and,
state power under, 119
and transformative justice, ,
transformative thrust of, , 106,
property law
characteristics of transforming,
democratisation of, , 131
de-privatisation of, 124
post-private, 124
power relations and, 110
rights and wrongs of,
Van der Walt’s vision of reform of,
property rights
common law, 125
compensation and, 52
Constitutional Assembly debate and,
dispossession and, 161
economic impact of, 113
interim Constitution debate and,
Land Tenure Rights Act and, 171
leaseholds and, 62
marginality and, 126
of the poor, 155
reallocation of, 35
social justice and, 49
tenure and, 19
transformation of,
property, theories of,
Provision of Land and Assistance Act 126 of 1993, 152
‘PTO Conversion Project’, 170
Public Finance Management Act 1 of 1999, 170
Radical Economic Transformation (RET), 13
Rahube v Rahube (2019),
Rakgase MD and Rakgase MA v Minister of Rural Development and Land Reform and Member of the Limpopo Provincial Legislature (2020), 36, 158
res communes, 246
Rural Women’s Movement (RWM), 171
San Council, 226
Settlement/Land Acquisition Grant (SLAG), 201
social protection, 295
solidarity economy, 253
Soobramoney v Minister of Health (Kwa Zulu Natal) (1997), 60
South African Food Sovereignty Campaign (SAFSC), , , 263
Climate Justice through Land Justice tool, 255
Food Sovereignty for the Right to Food, 255
South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), 252
South African Sugar Association (SASA),
South Korea, 271,
Square Kilometre Array (SKA) radio telescope,
State Land Lease and Disposal Policy (SLLDP), 130
‘State of Capture’ report, 11
Statistics South Africa, 176
Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), 17
Stockholm Environment Institute, 243
tax, transformational,
modalities of,
Tongoane and Others v National Minister for Agriculture and Land Affairs and Others (2010), 166, 185
Town Board of the Township of Port Edward v Kay (1996), 42
Traditional Courts Bill (2017), 181
transformational triage, 28
transition levy, 269
values
consumptive, 25
indigenous South African, 62
need-based, 114
normative, 76
productive, 25
societal, 113
of traditional communities, 168
Van Wyk, Jeannie, 43
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