The Coca-Cola bottle is among the most famous product packaging in the world. Consumers everywhere instantly recognize the distinctive curvy bottle and understand what it represents. It has been celebrated as a design classic and featured prominently by artists ranging from Norman Rockwell to Andy Warhol. The bottle is not only a cultural icon but also a triumph of branding, its goodwill built up over time by the Coca-Cola Company’s heavy investments in advertising and other forms of marketing.

This chapter reflects on Chilean extracontractual liability between commercial competitors for pure economic loss from an English viewpoint. It shows that while the principles and rules contained in the Chilean Civil Code (1855) were not developed by litigation in this area, there were hundreds of cases and court decisions in the years following the enactment of the Unfair Competition Act 2007. Although the case law under the Unfair Competition Act 2007 lacks the degree of originality and depth peculiar to the common law, the specific construction of the 2007 Unfair Competition Act by the Chilean courts is illuminated by a comparison with the English approach to this topic.

The chapter introduces State-owned entities (SOEs) and frames the reminder of the monograph. This chapter also provides the necessary definitions and carves out the monograph's sphere of applications to entities such as state-owned multinational enterprises, state-owned enterprises, national oil companies, sovereign wealth funds, export credit agencies and other types of entities that are State-owned. A short history of the State as an economic actor follows next then the focus turns to some of the traditional concerns associated with SOEs such as unfair competition, national security and resource security. The discussion then moves on to address the human rights dimension of State corporate ownership. Several case studies demonstrate concretely how SOEs become involved in human rights violations. The last section of this chapter provides an overview of human rights in international law, the most fundamental human rights instruments, a general introduction to the 'respect, protect and fulfil' framework, the nature of State's obligations to 'respect, protect and fulfil' human rights and the relationship between international law, human rights and State ownership.

It is generally assumed that a single theoretical account is sufficient to explain why we protect both registered and unregistered trade marks. Specifically, the need to protect against consumer confusion is said to explain the protection that is afforded to trade marks through both the registration system and through passing off/unfair competition law. Drawing on recent scholarship that sets out to re-examine the role of trade mark registration, this chapter argues that we need to think more seriously about embracing a bifurcated model of trade mark protection, with the two modes of protection underpinned by different justifications and perform different functions. This would allow us to have a clearer idea of how the two systems should interact and when we should prioritise the operation of one over the other.