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2 results

  • 15 - Borderline Personality and Other Personality Disorders

  • Edited by Stephen Hupp, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, David F. Tolin, Institute of Living
  • Book:
    Science-Based Therapy
    Published online:
    10 January 2025
    Print publication:
    16 January 2025, pp 265-281

  • Summary

    Patients with personality disorder, especially borderline personality disorder, are challenging for psychotherapy. Yet there is good evidence that most patients can recover if offered specific forms of specialized therapy that are empirically supported treatments. The majority of research studies in personality disorder have focused on borderline personality disorder, and we have only limited data on other categories. The strongest findings for the efficacy of treatment concern dialectical behavior therapy, but other options may yield similar results. Credible components include teaching emotion regulation skills and a present-oriented focus. Some of the effects of effective therapy could be specific to underlying theory and methods, while others may depend on common factors. A sidebar discusses self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in youth.

  • Self-injurious behavior among Greek male prisoners: Prevalence and risk factors

  • E.I. Sakelliadis, S.A. Papadodima, T.N. Sergentanis, O. Giotakos, C.A. Spiliopoulou
  • Journal:
    European Psychiatry / Volume 25 / Issue 3 / April 2010
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 April 2020, pp. 151-158
  • Background

    Self-harm among prisoners is a common phenomenon. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of self-injurious behavior (SIB) among Greek male prisoners, record their motives and determine independent risk factors.

    Methods

    A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was administered to 173 male prisoners in the Chalkida prison, Greece. The questionnaire included items on self-harm/SIB, demographic parameters, childhood history, family history, physical and mental disease, lifestyle and smoking habits, alcohol dependence (CAGE questionnaire), illicit substance use, aggression (Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire [BPAQ] and Lifetime History of Aggression [LTHA]), impulsivity (Barrat Impulsivity Scale-11) and suicidal ideation (Spectrum of Suicidal Behavior Scale). Univariate nonparametric statistics and multivariate ordinal logistic regression were performed.

    Results

    Of all the participants, 49.4% (95% CI: 41.5–57.3%) disclosed self-harm (direct or indirect). The prevalence of SIB was equal to 34.8% (95% CI: 27.5–42.6%). Most frequently, SIB coexisted with indirect self-harm (80.7%). The most common underlying motives were to obtain emotional release (31.6%) and to release anger (21.1%). At the univariate analysis, SIB was positively associated with a host of closely related factors: low education, physical/sexual abuse in childhood, parental neglect, parental divorce, alcoholism in family, psychiatric condition in family, recidivism, age, sentence already served, impulsivity, aggression, alcohol dependence, self-reported diagnosed psychiatric condition and illicit substance use. Childhood variables were particularly associated with the presence of diagnosed psychiatric condition. At the multivariate analysis, however, only three parameters were proven independent risk factors: self-reported diagnosed psychiatric condition, illicit substance use and aggression (BPAQ scale).

    Conclusion

    The prevalence of SIB is particularly high. Psychiatric condition, illicit substance use and aggression seem to be the most meaningful risk factors; childhood events seem only to act indirectly.