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It is a traditional hope of comparative psychology that animal minds might be unitary, parsimonious, associative. In contrast, cognitive researchers acknowledge multiple learning systems, including humans’ capacity for explicit hypothesis testing and rule learning. The authors describe new paradigms that may dissociate the explicit from the associative and demonstrate animals’ explicit capabilities. These paradigms include matched tasks that foster explicit or associative category learning, and paradigms that disable crucial components of associative learning. Given this disabling, animals may adopt instead an alternative, more explicit learning system. The authors review this area, including research on humans, monkeys, rats, and pigeons. They also consider the evolutionary and fitness factors that might favor the development of complementary associative and explicit learning systems.

Numerical SPH simulations of supersonic gravo-turbulent fragmentation of a protocluster cloud (1000 M⊙) suggest that the cloud develops a few subclusters (star+gas systems) which subsequently merge into a single cluster entity. Each subcluster carries one most massive star (likely multiple), thus the merging of subclusters results in a central Trapezium-type system, as observed in the core of the Orion Nebula cluster.

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13 - Dissociable Learning Processes

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On the Origin of the Orion Trapezium System

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2 results

13 - Dissociable Learning Processes

Summary

On the Origin of the Orion Trapezium System